Test: Psychological Disorders - Humanities/Arts MCQ

Many psychologists have stated that abnormal is simply a label given to a behavior deviant from social expectations.

The first approach assumes that socially accepted behavior is normal and abnormality is deviance from social norms. In contrast, the second approach views abnormal behavior as maladaptive, meaning it hinders an individual’s ability to function or achieve self-actualization, as described in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Behavior that conforms to norms may still be abnormal if it is maladaptive.

Exorcism, i.e., removing the evil that resides in the individual through countermagic and prayer, is still commonly used.

Through the shaman, an afflicted person can learn which spirits are responsible for her/his problems and what needs to be done to appease them.

Galen elaborated on the role of the four humours (blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile) in determining personal character and temperament. He linked these humours to the four elements (earth, water, air, fire) and their balance in the body.

Johann Weyer emphasized and insisted that witches were mentally disturbed and required medical treatment rather than theological punishment.

Hypervigilance involves constantly scanning the environment for dangers.

Panic attacks typically occur in an unpredictable manner, often without an obvious trigger.

Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms vary widely but may include recurrent dreams, flashbacks, impaired concentration, and emotional numbing.

Schizophrenia is debilitating as it causes significant decline in personal, social, and occupational aspects of life due to symptoms like disturbed thinking and perception.