Test: Respiratory Organs & Human Respiratory System - NEET MCQ

• The respiratory or gas-exchange surface consists of millions of small sacs, or alveoli, lined by a simple squamous epithelium.
• This epithelium is exceedingly thin to facilitate the diffusion of oxygen and CO₂. 
• The alveolar walls also contain cuboidal surfactant-secreting cells.
  

Hence, the correct option is A

NCERT Reference: Topic- EXCHANGE OF GASES” of chapter "Breathing and Exchange of Gases" of NCERT 

• Graph is plotted between oxygen concentration and percentage saturation of haemoglobin with this curve is called dissociation curve.
• Dissociation curve is sigmoid in shape.

Hence, the correct option is D.

NCERT Reference: Topic-  Transport of Oxygen” of chapter "Breathing and Exchange of Gases" of NCERT

• The pharynx opens into the larynx by a slit-like aperture called the glottis, which is covered by a cartilaginous flap called the epiglottis.
• The epiglottis closes the glottis to prevent the entry of food particles during swallowing.
  

Hence, the correct option is C.

NCERT Reference: Topic- Human Respiratory System” of chapter "Breathing and Exchange of Gases" of NCERT

• Workers in a mill or industrial setting may be at risk of developing occupational respiratory disorders.
• These disorders can be caused by exposure to various airborne pollutants, such as dust, fumes, chemicals, and particulate matter, which are commonly found in industrial and manufacturing environments.
• In industries, produced dust can’t be cope up by the defense system of human body.
• Long and continuous exposure gives rise to inflammation leading to fibrosis and thus leading to severe lung damage.

Hence, the correct option is D

NCERT Reference: Topic -"Respiratory Disorders"  of chapter "Breathing and Exchange of Gases" of NCERT.

• The respiratory system helps in the regulation of blood pH, gaseous exchange and also contains receptors of smell, produces vocal sound and filters inspired air.
• While the cardiovascular system protects against blood loss by the formation of blood clots.

Hence, the correct option is D

NCERT Reference: Topic- Human Respiratory System” of chapter "Breathing and Exchange of Gases" of NCERT 

• The volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forcible expiration is called residual volume.
• This residual volume prevents the lungs from collapsing.

Hence, the correct option is B.

NCERT Reference: Topic- Respiratory Volumes and Capacities” of chapter "Breathing and Exchange of Gases" of NCERT 

• The narrow tubes found inside the lungs are called bronchioles. 
• When we breathe, air travels from the nose or mouth, and goes down the trachea and reaches the part called the carina.
• From here the tube branches into two, creating two bronchi that lead to the left and right lung each.
• From there onwards, the bronchi split into smaller and smaller bronchioles until it terminates in the alveoli where gas exchange occurs.

Hence, the correct option is C.

NCERT Reference: Topic- Human Respiratory System” of chapter "Breathing and Exchange of Gases" of NCERT.

The pleural membrane is a double-layered serous membrane that encloses the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity. The outer layer, the parietal pleura, lines the thoracic wall, while the inner layer, the visceral pleura, covers the surface of the lungs.

The trachea serves as a passage for air, moistens and warms it while it passes into the lungs, and protects the respiratory surface from an accumulation of foreign particles.

Hence, the correct option is C.

NCERT Reference: Topic-  Human Respiratory System” of chapter "Breathing and Exchange of Gases" of NCERT 

Tidal Volume (TV): Volume of air inspired or expired during a normal respiration. It is approx. 500 mL., i.e., a healthy man can inspire or expire approximately 6000 to 8000 mL of air per minute.
Inspiratory Capacity (IC): Total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration. This includes tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume ( TV+IRV).
Vital Capacity (VC): The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration. This includes ERV, TV and IRV or the maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration.