Test: The State, Local Government and Union Territories- 2 - Class 8 MCQ

Participatory budgeting seeks to make the functioning of local governance institutions more transparent and accountable through the following ways:
1. Allowing citizens to deliberate and negotiate over the distribution of public resources:

• Participatory budgeting involves citizens in the decision-making process by allowing them to actively participate in discussions, debates, and negotiations regarding the allocation of public funds.


• This transparency in the decision-making process ensures that citizens have a say in how their tax money is spent, and it helps to minimize corruption and favoritism.

2. Allowing citizens to play a direct role in deciding how and where resources should be spent:

• Participatory budgeting empowers citizens by giving them the opportunity to directly influence and make decisions about public spending priorities.


• Citizens can propose and prioritize projects, allocate funds to different sectors, and evaluate the effectiveness of past investments.


• This direct involvement fosters a sense of ownership and accountability among citizens, as they are actively engaged in shaping their community's development.

3. Allowing historically excluded citizens access to important decision-making venues:

• Participatory budgeting aims to include historically marginalized and underrepresented groups in the decision-making process.


• By providing equal opportunities for participation, participatory budgeting ensures that the voices of all citizens, regardless of their socio-economic status or background, are heard and considered.


• This inclusivity promotes social equity and helps to address the needs and aspirations of the entire community.

Therefore, participatory budgeting seeks to enhance transparency and accountability in local governance institutions by involving citizens in decision-making, empowering them to allocate resources, and ensuring the inclusion of historically excluded groups.

The third type of government apart from the Central and the State governments is Community Government practiced in Belgium.

Daman and Diu survived as outposts of Portuguese overseas territory until 1961, when they became part of India along with Goa. When Goa attained statehood in 1987, Daman and Diu became a separate union territory, and in 2020 that union territory was combined with Dadra and Nagar Haveli union territory.

Belgium declared its independence from the Netherlands, and it was recognized in 1831 as a separate nation.

The Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005 provides for the right to access information held by public authorities. It ensures transparency and accountability in the functioning of the government. Among the given statements, the one which is not provided for or specially exempted under the RTI Act is:
Statement C: Removal of Chief Information Officer.
Explanation:
The RTI Act, 2005 does not specifically address the removal of the Chief Information Officer. However, it does provide for the following provisions and exemptions:
- Statement A: The RTI Act, 2005 is applicable in all states and union territories of India, including Jammu and Kashmir. Therefore, Statement A is incorrect.
- Statement B: An applicant making a request for information does not have to give reasons for seeking information. The Act ensures that citizens have the right to access information without having to provide any justification for seeking it. Therefore, Statement B is incorrect.
- Statement D: Every Information Commissioner shall hold office for a term of 5 years or till the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier. This provision ensures that the Information Commissioners have a fixed tenure and are not subject to frequent changes. Therefore, Statement D is correct.
In conclusion, the statement which is not provided for or specially exempted under the RTI Act, 2005 is Statement C: Removal of Chief Information Officer.

Money Bill:
- A Money Bill is a type of legislation in India that deals solely with matters related to taxation, public expenditure, borrowing, or the Consolidated Fund of India.
- Money Bills are governed by Article 110 of the Indian Constitution.
Characteristics of a Money Bill:
1. Cannot be introduced in the Council of States: Money Bills can only be introduced in the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and not in the Rajya Sabha (Council of States).
2. Needs to be certified as such by the Speaker: Before a Bill is introduced in the Lok Sabha, the Speaker of the House has to certify whether it is a Money Bill or not. This certification is final and cannot be questioned.
3. Cannot be amended by the Council of States: The Rajya Sabha can make recommendations for amendments to a Money Bill, but it cannot make any amendments itself. It can only recommend changes and the Lok Sabha has the discretion to accept or reject these recommendations.
4. President has to assent it without delay: Once a Money Bill is passed by the Lok Sabha, it is sent to the President for his/her assent. Unlike other bills, the President cannot return a Money Bill for reconsideration. The President has to give his/her assent to a Money Bill without delay.
Conclusion:
Based on the given options, the correct answer is B: 1, 2, and 4. A Money Bill cannot be introduced in the Council of States (option 1), it needs to be certified by the Speaker (option 2), and the President has to assent it without delay (option 4). Option 3 is incorrect because a Money Bill cannot be amended by the Council of States.

Participatory budgeting seeks to make the functioning of local governance institutions more transparent and accountable through:

1. Allowing citizens to deliberate and negotiate over the distribution of public resources: Participatory budgeting involves bringing citizens together to discuss and debate how public funds should be allocated. This process allows for transparency as citizens have the opportunity to understand the budgetary decisions and voice their opinions.


2. Allowing citizens to play a direct role in deciding how and where resources should be spent: Participatory budgeting empowers citizens by giving them a direct role in decision-making. They can propose and prioritize projects, allocate resources, and monitor the implementation of these projects. This direct involvement increases transparency and accountability as citizens are actively engaged in shaping the priorities of their community.


3. Allowing historically excluded citizens access to important decision-making venues: Participatory budgeting aims to include historically marginalized and excluded groups in the decision-making process. By providing these groups with access to decision-making venues, such as community meetings and assemblies, participatory budgeting promotes inclusivity and ensures that a diverse range of perspectives are considered in budgetary decisions.

Therefore, the correct answer is C: Only 3. Participatory budgeting seeks to make local governance institutions more transparent and accountable by allowing historically excluded citizens access to important decision-making venues.

The correct answer is Estimates Committee. The Estimates Committee has 30 members and all these members are from Lok Sabha(Lower House). There is no representation from Rajya Sabha (Upper House).

The given statement states that the ordinance of Governor ______ can be compared to a law made by the State Legislature. Let's analyze each option to determine which one is the most accurate:
A:

is much narrower than a law made by the State Legislature

- This option suggests that the ordinance is more limited in scope compared to a law made by the State Legislature, which may not be true in all cases.
B:

is more extensive than a law made by the State Legislature

- This option suggests that the ordinance is broader in scope compared to a law made by the State Legislature, which may not be true in all cases.
C:

has the same force as a law made by the State Legislature

- This option suggests that the ordinance holds the same power and authority as a law made by the State Legislature. This is a more accurate statement, as an ordinance can have the force of law within the jurisdiction governed by the Governor.
D:

has little value than a law made by the State Legislature

- This option suggests that the ordinance has less significance compared to a law made by the State Legislature, which may not be true in all cases.
Therefore, based on the given options, option C:

has the same force as a law made by the State Legislature

is the most accurate statement.

The salary of the Governor is charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State.
The salary of the Governor, which is the head of the state, is charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State. Here's why:
Explanation:
- The Consolidated Fund of the State refers to the fund that includes all revenues received by the state government and all loans raised by it.
- It is managed and controlled by the state government.
- The salaries and allowances of various high-ranking officials, including the Governor, are charged on this fund.
- The Governor is appointed by the President of India and represents the central government in the state.
- As the head of the state, the Governor performs various constitutional and ceremonial duties.
- The salary and allowances of the Governor are determined by the state government and are paid from the Consolidated Fund of the State.
- This ensures that the expenses related to the Governor's position are borne by the state itself.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the salary of the Governor is charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State. This ensures that the state government is responsible for the expenses related to the Governor's position and allows for effective management of state finances.