Test: Tribals Dikus & the Vision of a Golden Age

Solution:

Adivasi is the collective term for tribes of the Indian Subcontinent, who are considered indigenous to places within India wherein they live, either as foragers or as tribalistic sedentary communities. However, India does not recognise Tribe as Indigenous people.

Solution: Adivasis have a deep relation with the forests. Even now they mostly live away from the towns and near the forests. Their local economy also depends on the items collected from the forest and that is why industrialization and deforestation deeply affects their livelihood. Practicing sustainable forest management, they are seen as the protectors of the forests and the biodiversity of our planet.

Solution:

Tribals who had depended on the forest for food  and fodder were forced to stay in the forest and hills by the British.

Solution:

The correct meaning of habitat is a dwelling place. A dwelling place can be elaborated as a building or shelter where one lives. Hence habitat can be defined as a place where an organism or a community of organisms lives, including all living and nonliving factors or conditions of the surrounding environment.

Solution:

Indian Forest Act was passed by British. It was passed in the year 1865. According to this act the right of Indian communities on forests were limited and authority was transferred to British government.

The act of 1865 empowered the British government to declare any land covered with trees as a government forest and make rules to manage it.

Solution:

The British colonisers passed the Criminal Tribes Act, labelling them, along with 198 other nomadic and forest groups, “criminal”. A stroke of the pen turned 14 million people into criminals in their own land. The Criminal Tribes Act 1871  was one of the many laws passed by the British colonial government that applied to Indians based on their religion and caste identification.

Solution:

This region has vast reserves of coal and iron ore. Also, iron ore is cheaply available in the region, thus providing the raw material for iron and steel industries.

Solution:

In 1895, a man named Birsa was seen roaming the forests and villages of Chottanagpur in Bihar. People said he had miraculous powers – he could cure all diseases and multiply grain. Birsa himself declared that God had appointed him to save his people from trouble, free them from the slavery of dikus (outsiders).

Solution: Birsa belonged to Munda tribe in Jharkhand and he was therefore called Birsa Munda

Solution: Birsa Munda was a young freedom fighter and a tribal leader, whose spirit of activism in the late nineteenth century, is remembered to be a strong mark of protest against British rule in India. He died in Ranchi Jail on 9 June 1900. Although the British claimed he died of cholera, he never showed symptoms of the disease. ... After his death the movement faded out. However, the movement was significant in at least two ways.