Test: World History- 1 - Class 5 MCQ

Vladimir Lenin and his Bolshevik Party led the Russian revolution of 1917. The Bolshevik party took total control of the government, and introduced a new form ofabsolutism. The Bolsheviks, who came to be known as the Communists, renamed the country from The Russian. Empire to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). (Since the collapse of the USSR in 1991, the remaining "republics" of the country called themselves the Russian Federation.) 

Definition of the Term 'Third World'

• The term 'Third World' was originally used to refer to a group of newly independent and developing nations.

Explanation

• The term 'Third World' first emerged during the Cold War era, when the world was largely divided into three categories: the First World, the Second World, and the Third World.


• The First World referred to the capitalist and developed countries, primarily the United States and its allies.


• The Second World referred to the socialist and communist countries, primarily the Soviet Union and its allies.


• The Third World, on the other hand, represented a large number of newly independent and developing nations that were not aligned with either the First World or the Second World.


• These countries were often characterized by high levels of poverty, underdevelopment, and political instability.


• The term 'Third World' has since evolved and is now commonly used to describe countries that face socio-economic challenges and have lower levels of development compared to industrialized nations.


• It is important to note that the term 'Third World' is considered outdated and has been criticized for its simplistic categorization and negative connotations.

Therefore, the correct answer is A: A large number of newly independent and developing nations.

Herodotus was known as the father of history and the other options are incorrect.

Reason Europeans were attracted to Indonesia:

• Rich spice products: Indonesia was known for its abundant supply of valuable spices such as cloves, nutmeg, and pepper. These spices were highly sought after in Europe during the Age of Exploration, as they were used for various purposes including preserving food, enhancing flavors, and as medicinal ingredients. The lucrative spice trade motivated European nations to establish colonies and control the production and export of these spices.


• Profitable trade opportunities: The spice trade offered significant economic benefits to European nations. By establishing trading posts and colonies in Indonesia, Europeans could gain direct access to the spices and eliminate the need to rely on intermediaries or middlemen. This allowed them to maximize their profits and strengthen their economies.


• Strategic location: Indonesia's geographical location made it an ideal base for European exploration and trade in Southeast Asia. It served as a gateway to other lucrative markets in the region, enabling European powers to expand their influence and establish control over trade routes.


• Competition among European powers: The desire for wealth and dominance drove European nations to compete with one another in acquiring colonies and controlling trade. Indonesia's rich spice resources presented an opportunity for European powers to gain an advantage over their rivals and enhance their standing in the global trade network.


• Cultural and scientific curiosity: Europeans were also attracted to Indonesia due to its diverse cultures, unique customs, and exotic natural beauty. They were interested in studying the local flora, fauna, and indigenous peoples, which contributed to the development of botanical, zoological, and anthropological knowledge.

Overall, the combination of Indonesia's rich spice resources, profitable trade opportunities, strategic location, competition among European powers, and cultural curiosity made it an attractive destination for Europeans during the Age of Exploration.

Switzerland is one of the beautiful countries. It is located in the Central Europe. The borders of Switzerland touch Germany to the north, France to the west, Austria to the east and Italy to the south. Mountains of the Switzerland are very popular, Alps in south and Jura in northwest. It has a central plateau of rolling hills, plains and large lakes. So, Switzerland is the playground of Europe. 

The main reason for Indo-China war in 1962 was border dispute between two countries, growing friendship between India and former Soviet Union, and china saw India as their main rival but growing friendship between India and U.S.A was not a reason.

The female allegory of France was named Marianne, a popular Christian name, which underlined the idea of a people’s nation. Her characteristics were drawn from those of Liberty and the Republic i.e. the red cap, the tricolour, the cockade. Statues of Marianne were erected in public squares to remind the public of the national symbol of unity.

Several European countries were attracted to Indonesia because of its exotic resources and its prime location for trade. Indonesia had hotly coveted resources, such as spices, cloves, nutmeg, and sugar.

Renaissance took place in western countries between 500−1500AD. It is essentially an Intellectual movement It is meant that new enthusiasm for classical literature,learning and art which sprang up in Western countries towards the close of the Middle Ages, and which during the course of the 500−1500 centuries gave a new culture to Europe.

Reasons for Bolivia's Water War:
1. Privatization of water: One of the main reasons for the Water War in Bolivia was the privatization of water resources. In the late 1990s, the Bolivian government, under pressure from the World Bank, decided to privatize the water supply system in the city of Cochabamba. The government awarded a contract to a multinational company (MNC) called Aguas del Tunari to manage and control the water supply.
2. Increase in the price of water: After the privatization, the MNC significantly increased the price of water, making it unaffordable for many low-income Bolivians. This led to widespread protests and civil unrest as people saw their basic necessity of water becoming a luxury they could not afford.
3. Social inequality and water access: The Water War also highlighted the social inequality in Bolivia and the lack of access to clean water for many marginalized communities. The privatization of water worsened the situation for these communities, as they were often neglected and faced even higher prices for water.
4. Corporate control over water resources: The privatization of water meant that a multinational corporation had control over a vital resource necessary for survival. This raised concerns about the profit-driven approach to water management and the potential exploitation of resources at the expense of the local population.
5. Protest and resistance: The Bolivian people, particularly the indigenous population, organized mass protests and demonstrations against the privatization of water. They demanded that their rights to water be recognized and that the control of water resources be returned to the public domain.
In conclusion, the main reason for Bolivia's Water War was the privatization of water resources, which led to an increase in the price of water and limited access for marginalized communities. The protests and resistance from the Bolivian people highlighted the importance of water as a basic human right and the need for sustainable and equitable water management.