Test: Chemical Coordination & Integration - 2 - NEET MCQ

An abnormality in the synthesis or secretion of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin leads to diabetes insipidus. This disorder is characterized by dehydration due to excess water loss.

Parathormone is a polypeptide hormone. Oxytocin is peptide hormone. Sex hormone is a steroid hormone and Norepinephrine is a amino acid derivative.

pituitary thyroid hormone is also called as collip’s hormone. Cortisol is called as glucocorticoid hormone. Aldosterone is called as mineralocorticoid andsomatostatin is called as inhibiting hormone.

Second messengers are molecules that relay signals received at receptors on the cell surface to trigger physiological changes. Nitrogen oxide (NO) acts as second messenger

Thymus gland produces a hormone called thymosin which stimulates the T-cells. T-cells help in producing antibodies in the bodies. In older people weaker immune power is due to degeneration of thymus gland.

The Prolactin inhibiting neurohormone is dopamine. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that helps control the brain’s reward and pleasure centers.

Endocrine system corrects the imbalance originally detected by the nervous system. Nerve cells and endocrine cells exist side by side in adrenal gland and pituitary gland.

Pineal secretes a hormone called melatonin.

Pituitary dwarf hormone will show normal intelligence, stunned growth and inhibited growth of long bones. Pituitary dwarfs will no show mental retardation.

Glucose will be lost in the urine of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. It a chronic lifelong condition that affects our body abilityto use the energy found in blood.

.Hormone called Oxytocin that causes tiny muscles around the alveoli to squeeze the milk via small tubes called milk ducts.A hormone called Prolactin secreted by the pituitary gland in the brain is responsible for the alveoli making milk. Prolactin rises when the baby suckles

Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy. It must be controlled to protect baby’s growth and development. This kind of diabetes never leads to develop type-1 diabetes.

Glucagon hormone released from pancreas increase the sugar level in blood in case deficiency in of glucose. Parathyroid hormone is not hypocalcemin and TSH is not a neurohormone.

The body keeps its core temperature constant at about 37 degree Celsius by physiological adjustment controlled by hypothalamus, so called thermostat center.

Oral contraceptive pill contain estrogen and progesteronethat prevents the release of secondary oocyte from ovary. The secondary oocytedevelops to female egg or ovum. Use of these pills prevents the ovum formation.

High blood calcium levels can lead to hypercalciuria, which is the excretion of excess calcium in the urine.
Excess PTH stimulates the release of calcium from bones into the bloodstream, weakening the bones and potentially leading to osteoporosis.
High levels of calcium in the blood can lead to calcification in the kidneys, causing kidney stones or nephrocalcinosis.
Therefore the correct option is B : i), ii), iv)

• The pineal gland is located on the dorsal side of the forebrain.
• It secretes melatonin, which is an important hormone that regulates the diurnal cycle of the body as well as body temperature.

Hormones are released in trace amount from endocrine glands and to exert theireffect on the target cell, water soluble hormones will need to bind with cell membrane boundreceptors.

• Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland.
• It is responsible for the regulation of the sleep-wake or diurnal cycle, body temperature as well as menstrual cycle, but not bowel movements.

Follicle stimulating hormone acts on sertoli cells. Luteinsing hormone acts on interstitial cells. Cortisol cells acts on liver and Aldosterone hormone acts on kidney tubule.