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Biosynthetic Phase - NEET MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test Biology Class 11 - Biosynthetic Phase

Biosynthetic Phase for NEET 2024 is part of Biology Class 11 preparation. The Biosynthetic Phase questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The Biosynthetic Phase MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Biosynthetic Phase below.
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Biosynthetic Phase - Question 1

The reaction which is responsible for the primary fixation of CO2 is catalysed by

Detailed Solution for Biosynthetic Phase - Question 1

Carbonation is the addition of carbon dioxide to an acceptor. Photosynthetic carboxylation requires ribulose-1, 5-biphosphate or RuBP as acceptor of carbon dioxide and RuBP- Carboxylase oxygenase as enzyme in C3 plants In C4 plants, initial fixation of CO2 occurs in mesophyll cells, The primary accept or of CO2 is phosphoenol pyruvate which combines with CO2 in presence of PEP carboxylase to form oxaloacetic acid or oxaloacetate. So, the correct answer is 'RuBP carboxylase and PEP carboxylase'.

NCERT Topic: The primary acceptor of CO2

NCERT Line: "Carboxylation is the fixation of CO2 into a stable organic intermediate. Carboxylation is the most crucial step of the Calvin cycle where CO2 is utilised for the carboxylation of RuBP. This reaction is catalysed by the enzyme RuBP carboxylase which results in the formation of two molecules of 3-PGA."

Biosynthetic Phase - Question 2

The dark reaction in photosynthesis is called so because

Detailed Solution for Biosynthetic Phase - Question 2

Biosynthetic phase (dark or Blackman's reaction) catalyses assimilation of CO2 to carbohydrates. The reactions are called carbon reactions. They occur in stroma of chloroplasts. The reactions do not require light. Instead assimilatory power (ATP and NADPH ) produced during photo chemical phase is used in fixation and reduction of carbon dioxide. All the enzymes required for the process are present in the matrix or stoma of the chloroplast. So, the correct answer is 'it does not directly depend on light energy'.

NCERT Topic: Dark reactions in photosynthesis

NCERT Line: "However, this should not be construed to mean that they occur in darkness or that they are not light-dependent."

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Biosynthetic Phase - Question 3

In the C3, cycle for the fixation of every CO2 molecule, the reduction and regeneration steps require​

Detailed Solution for Biosynthetic Phase - Question 3

In C3 cycle for the fixation of every carbon dioxide molecule, the reduction and regeneration of steps require around 3ATP & 2 NADPH2 molecules.
So, the correct option is '3 ATP and 2NADPH2'.

NCERT Topic: Reduction and regeneration steps

NCERT Line: "Hence for every CO2 molecule entering the Calvin cycle, 3 molecules of ATP and 2 of NADPH are required."

Biosynthetic Phase - Question 4

Which of the following statements is not true with respect to RuBisCO in C3 plants?

Detailed Solution for Biosynthetic Phase - Question 4

In C3 plants, Rubisco is located in the stroma of all chloroplasts.
RuBisCO (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyses both the carboxylation and oxygenation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), thus fixing carbon dioxide as the first step of the Calvin cycle.
The enzyme RuBisCO carries out photosynthetic carboxylation of RuBP. The enzyme was previously called as carboxydismutase.
Hence, the correct option is Option B.

Biosynthetic Phase - Question 5

The carbon in CO2 is radioactively labelled. The product in which this radioactive carbon can be found in C3 plants is​

Detailed Solution for Biosynthetic Phase - Question 5

Calvin used the radioactive isotope of carbon (14C) of Chlorella. He observed that after second exposure of Chlorella in presence of 14 CO2, the radioactive isotope of carbon was found mainly in 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA). This clearly indicated that the three carbon compound 3- phosphoglyceric acid was the first stable product photosynthesis and the carbon from the CO2 is fixed in the preparation of the photosynthates.
Hence, the correct answer is 'PGA'.

NCERT Topic: Calvin cycle

NCERT Line: "The first product identified was 3-phosphoglyceric acid or in short PGA."

Biosynthetic Phase - Question 6

The Calvin cycle leads to reduction of​

Detailed Solution for Biosynthetic Phase - Question 6

In fixation, the first stage of the Calvin cycle, light-independent reactions are initiated; CO2 is fixed from an inorganic to an organic molecule. In the second stage, ATP and NADPH are used to reduce 3-PGA into G3P; then ATP and NADPH are converted to ADP and NADP+, respectively.

NCERT Topic: Reduction

NCERT Line: "Reduction, during which carbohydrate is formed at the expense of the photochemically made ATP and NADPH."

Biosynthetic Phase - Question 7

The Calvin cycle proceeds in three stages:
1. Reduction, during which carbohydrate is formed at the expense of the photochemically made ATP and NADPH.
2. Regeneration, during which the carbon dioxide acceptor ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate is formed.
3. Carboxylation, during which carbon dioxide combines with rubulose-1, 5-biphosphate.
Identify the correct sequence.​

Detailed Solution for Biosynthetic Phase - Question 7

Calvin cycle begins with fixation of CO2 into 3 C sugar by the process of carboxylation. RUBISCO, present in the chloroplast stroma catalyzes carboxylation of ribulose-1, 5-biphosphate (RuBP) followed by immediate splitting of unstable product into 3-phosphoglyceric acid. Carboxylation is followed by a series of reduction reactions wherein 3 C compound 3-phosphoglyceric acid is reduced into 3 C compounds glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate (G3P); the reduction reactions are energized by ATP and NADPH serve as an electron donor. Three turns of Calvin cycle obtains 6 molecules of G3P, out of which one is used for glucose formation and rest are used in regeneration phase.  The last phase of Calvin cycle, the regeneration phase ensures the continuous supply of RuBP for carboxylation and regenerates it using G3P. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

NCERT Topic: Calvin cycle stages

NCERT Line: "The Calvin cycle proceeds in three stages: (1) carboxylation, during which CO2 combines with ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate; (2) reduction, during which carbohydrate is formed at the expense of the photochemically made ATP and NADPH; and (3) regeneration during which the CO2 acceptor ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate is formed again so that the cycle continues."

Biosynthetic Phase - Question 8

The scientist awarded the Noble Prize in 1960 for tracing the path of carbon in plants is​

Detailed Solution for Biosynthetic Phase - Question 8

Melvin Calvin, a biochemist who detected the crucial phase of photosynthesis that now bears his name and won him a Nobel Prize in 1961, died on Wednesday at Alta Bates Hospital in Berkeley, Calif. He was 85.
So, the correct option is 'Calvin'.

NCERT Topic: Melvin Calvin

NCERT Line: "The mapping of the pathway of carbon assimilation in photosynthesis earned him Nobel Prize in 1961."

Biosynthetic Phase - Question 9

How many turns does the Calvin cycle take for the generation of one molecule of glucose?​

Detailed Solution for Biosynthetic Phase - Question 9

Carbon dioxide fixation occurs during Calvin cycle. There are three stages in the process of Clavin cycle as carboxylation, reduction, and regeneration. One turn of Calvin cycle fixes one molecule of carbon dioxide. There are 6 atoms of carbon required for the synthesis of one glucose molecule. Hence, to produce one molecule of hexose sugar, six turns of Calvin cycle are required. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

NCERT Topic: Calvin cycle turns for glucose generation

NCERT Line: "To make one molecule of glucose 6 turns of the cycle are required."

Biosynthetic Phase - Question 10

Melvin Calvin was professor of​

Detailed Solution for Biosynthetic Phase - Question 10

Melvin Calvin was the professor of chemistry. He was awarded the nobel prize for chemistry for the discovery of various pathways of photosynthesis. 3-phosphoglyceric acid as first CO2 fixation product in algal photosynthesis was discovered by Calvin. He used radioactive 14C in algal photosynthetic studies. This led to the discovery that the first CO2 fixation product was a three-carbon organic acid. He also helped to mark out the complete biosynthetic pathway, hence it is named as Calvin Cycle. The first stable product identified was 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA), hence it is named as C3 pathway. Calvin cycle occurs in all photosynthetic plants whether they have C3 or C4 pathway.

NCERT Topic: Melvin Calvin

NCERT Line: "Melvin Calvin... received his Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Minnesota. He served as Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley."

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