Test: Kingdom Monera & Protista (NCERT) - NEET MCQ

Single-celled eukaryotes are organisms that have cells with a true nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes.

• The Protista kingdom is composed of eukaryotic organisms that are mostly unicellular or colonial, and they include a wide variety of organisms such as algae, amoebas, ciliates, and flagellates. Many of these organisms are aquatic and some are important components of the plankton in the ocean.
• Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that are mostly multicellular, except for yeasts which are unicellular, and they are characterized by the presence of cell walls made of chitin.
• Archaea are unicellular prokaryotic organisms that are known for living in extreme environments such as hot springs, deep sea vents, and acidic soils. 
• Monera is the kingdom that in older clasifications contains all prokaryotes.
  

Desmids are called golden algae or golden-brown algae because they have a char

Fig: Desmids (Golden Algae)

Gonyaulax is a Dinoflagellate and sometimes the number of these Dinoflagellates increases tremendously in the sea and that area of the sea appears little red because of the pigments they have that means they are responsible for Red tide. 
Ceratium is one of few Dinoflagellates which show sexual reproduction (Reproduction is by zygotic meiosis). Ceratium is not responsible for causing red tides. So, this option is incorrect.
Triceratium too is not responsible for causing red tides. So, this too is an incorrect option.

• Protists, Fungi and Plantae have nuclear membrane but Monera does not have nuclear membrane.
• Monera are considered as the most primitive group of organisms.
• This includes various types types of bacteria and blue-green algae.
• Nuclear membrane is absent in monera.

• Chrysophytes includes diatoms ,desmids
• Dinoflagellate includes gymnodium, gonyaulax ,noctiula.
• Euglenoids includes euglena
• Protozoans includes amoeba,paramecium,trypanosoma etc.

Hence, correct answer is A.

A coccus (plural cocci) is any bacterium or archea on that has a spherical, ovoid, or generally round shape.

It is one of the three distinct bacterial shapes, the other two being bacillus (rod-shaped) and spiral-shaped cells.

Fig: Coccus

• Prokaryotic cells are cells that do not have a true nucleus or most other cell organelles.
• Organisms that have prokaryotic cells are unicellular and called prokaryotes.
• Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes.
• Prokaryotic cells can be contrasted with eukaryotic cells, which are more complex.

• Cyanobacteria are unicellular prokaryotes that photosynthesise.
• They form huge colonies that appear as algal bloom in polluted waters.
• They can fix nitrogen from the atmosphere by means of specialised structures called as heterocysts.

• Thermoacidophiles is the right answer as the name indicates Thermo for high temperature, and acido for the presence of acidity these bacterias are found in hot springs.
• While methanogens are bacterias that are found in marshy areas and in guts of ruminant animals and produce methane halophiles are the bacterias found in salty areas.

The five-kingdom system was developed by Robert H. Whittaker in 1969 and was built on the work of previous biologists such as Carolus Linnaeus.