JAMB Exam  >  JAMB Tests  >  Biology for JAMB  >  Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - JAMB MCQ

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - JAMB MCQ


Test Description

30 Questions MCQ Test Biology for JAMB - Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 for JAMB 2024 is part of Biology for JAMB preparation. The Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 questions and answers have been prepared according to the JAMB exam syllabus.The Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 MCQs are made for JAMB 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 below.
Solutions of Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 questions in English are available as part of our Biology for JAMB for JAMB & Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 solutions in Hindi for Biology for JAMB course. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for JAMB Exam by signing up for free. Attempt Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 | 45 questions in 45 minutes | Mock test for JAMB preparation | Free important questions MCQ to study Biology for JAMB for JAMB Exam | Download free PDF with solutions
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 1

Aperture of an eye can be changed by 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 1

The term aperture represents a hole through which light enters the eye. It is known as pupil. Its size can be changed by iris. Iris is a thin circular structure in the eye. It controls the diameter and size of the pupil (aperture of the eye) and thus regulates the amount of light entering the pupil and reaching the retina.
So, the correct answer is 'Iris'.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 2

Which is responsible for colour detection 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 2

Cones are the secondary photoreceptors that are stimulated by bright light and are responsible for color perception. The presence of slightly different photopigment in different cones allows them to absorb a particular wavelength more strongly than others. Rods are repolarized by dim light and are responsible for night vision. Choroid lacks rods and cones. The correct answer is A.

1 Crore+ students have signed up on EduRev. Have you? Download the App
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 3

Pigmented layer in eye is called

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 3

The retina makes up the inner layer and occupies only the posterior two-third of the eye. The retina consists of several layers of cells, including the rods and cones, the sensory cells, that respond to light. The tips of the rods and cones are embedded in a pigmented layer of cells on the back of the retina. The pigment helps prevent light from scattering in the back of the eye.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 4

Photosensitive pigment is 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 4

All photoreceptors share a common visual pigment: a mixture of a vitamin A-based chromophore (retinal) and a seven-transmembrane-helix apoprotein (opsin). Together, they form rhodopsin. The pigments belong to a special class of receptors called as G protein-coupled receptors, characterised by signaling through heterotrimeric G proteins. 
In vertebrates, the rhodopsin is thermally unstable, breaking down with light into the opsin and chromophore; rhodopsins are maintained by an enzymatic process. Invertebrate rhodopsins are stable, although renewal also must take place there.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 5

Rhodopsin is a constituent of 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 5
Rhodopsin is a constituent of C: Rods Explanation: - Rhodopsin is a biological pigment found in the photoreceptor cells called rods, which are located in the retina of the eye. - Rods are responsible for vision in low light conditions (scotopic vision) and are highly sensitive to light. - Rhodopsin is a light-sensitive molecule that undergoes a conformational change when it absorbs light, initiating a series of biochemical reactions that result in an electrical signal being sent to the brain. - This process, known as phototransduction, allows the eye to detect and respond to light, enabling vision in dimly lit environments. - In contrast, cones are the other type of photoreceptor cells in the retina, responsible for color vision and high visual acuity under bright light conditions (photopic vision). Cones contain different photopigments called opsins, which are sensitive to different wavelengths of light, allowing for color perception.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 6

If the source of bright light in front of eye suddenly become bright  

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 6

Pupil is sensitive to light and control the amount of light entering the eye. Pupil contracts when bright light falls on the eye so that less light can enter the eye.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 7

Retina of the vertebrates eye consists of 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 7

The retina is a layered structure with several layers of neurons interconnected by synapses. The only neurons that are directly sensitive to light are the photoreceptor cells. These are mainly of two types: the rods and cones. Rods function mainly in dim light and provide black-and-white vision, while cones support the daytime vision and the perception of colour. The third type of photoreceptor, the intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cell, is important for reflexive responses to bright daylight. Neural signals from the rods and cones undergo processing by other neurons of the retina. The output takes the form of action potentials in retinal ganglion cells, whose axons form the optic nerve. 

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 8

The focal length of the lens in eye is controlled by 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 8

The change in the shape of the lens is controlled by the cilliary muscles inside the eye. Changes in contraction of the ciliary muscles alter the focal distance of the eye, causing nearer or farther images to come into focus on the retina; this process is known as accommodation.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 9

Night blindness is caused due to 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 9

Rhodopsin serves as a visual purple pigment of rod cells and is responsible for night vision. Rhodopsin deficiency causes night blindness. Myopia is caused by elongation of eyeball while shortening of eyeball causes hypermetropia. The cornea is the transparent anterior window of an outer layer of the eyeball and does not have rods. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 10

During night when the intensity of light is low, it is detected by 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 10
Answer: A. Rods Explanation: - Rods: Rods are photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye that are responsible for vision in low-light conditions. - They are more sensitive to light than cones. - They are responsible for peripheral vision and detecting motion. - Cones: Cones, on the other hand, are responsible for color vision and high visual acuity in well-lit conditions. - They are less sensitive to light than rods. - They are responsible for central vision and detecting fine details. In conclusion, during the night when the intensity of light is low, rods play a crucial role in detecting the low light levels, while cones are responsible for color vision and detailed vision in well-lit conditions.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 11

To correct myopia vision one should use 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 11

Myopia also known as nearsightedness or short-sightedness is a condition of the eye where light focuses in front, instead of on the retina. People having myopia can see close objects clearly, but objects farther away appear blurred. It occurs if the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved. So, the correct answer is option B.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 12

Where is the cavity of vitreous humor found

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 12

The vitreous cavity is located behind the lens i.e., the posterior cavity and in front of the retina. It is filled with a gel-like fluid, called as the vitreous humour.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 13

Function of iris is to 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 13
Function of Iris: Alter Diameter of Pupil The iris is the colored part of the eye that surrounds the pupil. Its primary function is to control the size of the pupil, which is the opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye. The iris achieves this by:
  • Adjusting to light conditions: When the eye is exposed to bright light, the iris contracts, making the pupil smaller to reduce the amount of light entering the eye. In dim light, the iris relaxes, allowing the pupil to become larger and let in more light.
  • Regulating the focus: By controlling the size of the pupil, the iris also plays a role in regulating the focus of the lens. A smaller pupil provides a greater depth of field, while a larger pupil allows more light to enter, which can be helpful in low-light situations.
  • Protecting the retina: By controlling the amount of light that enters the eye, the iris helps to protect the light-sensitive retina at the back of the eye from damage caused by excessively bright light.
In summary, the main function of the iris is to alter the diameter of the pupil, which helps to regulate the amount of light that enters the eye, adjust focus, and protect the retina.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 14

The pigment found in rods is 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 14
The pigment found in rods is: A: Rhodopsin Explanation: - Rods are photoreceptor cells found in the retina of the eye. - These cells are responsible for vision in low light conditions. - Rhodopsin is the light-sensitive pigment found in rod cells. - It is a G-protein-coupled receptor that absorbs light and initiates a signal transduction pathway, allowing the brain to perceive visual information. - The other options, melanin, photosin, and keratin, are not pigments found in rods. Melanin is a pigment found in skin, hair, and eyes; photosin does not exist; and keratin is a structural protein found in hair and nails.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 15

In which of these structures are the eyes located?

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 15
  • The eyes are located in two sockets present in the skull known as orbits.
  • The orbits are bony cavities in the front part of the skull in which the eye and its appendages are accommodated and protected.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 16

How many layers does the wall of the eyeball have?

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 16
  • The wall of the eyeball has three layers.
  • The outermost layer is known as the sclera.
  • The middle layer is known as the choroid and it is bluish in color.
  • The innermost layer is known as the retina.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 17

Area of most active vision in eye where sharp image is formed is called 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 17

The yellow spot or macula is an oval yellow spot near the centre of the retina of the human eye. It has a size of 1.5 millimeters. It is specialized for seeing things with highest clearness or visual acuity. It is the area of best vision, where maximum amount of rod cells and cone cells are present.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 18

Blind spot in the eye is located

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 18
Answer: D. Where optic nerves leave the retina Explanation: - The blind spot, also known as the optic disc, is a small area in the retina where the optic nerves leave the eye. - This area is called a blind spot because it lacks photoreceptor cells, specifically rods and cones, which are responsible for detecting light and color. - As a result, the blind spot is incapable of producing visual information, and the brain fills in the missing information based on the surrounding context. - The blind spot typically goes unnoticed in daily life because the brain compensates for the lack of visual input, and the other eye's field of vision usually covers the area where the blind spot is located. - The blind spot is not located in the center of the pupil, lens, or fovea centralis. The fovea centralis is actually an area with a high concentration of cones, responsible for sharp central vision and color perception.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 19

Lens and retina of vertebrate eye develop from 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 19

Neuroectoderm gives rise to the following compartments of the eye: retina, epithelial lining of ciliary body and iris, optic nerves. Surface ectoderm produces the following parts: lens, corneal epithelium, skin of eyelid.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 20

The common defect of eye which develops in old age is 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 20

Presbyopia occurs due to decrease in the power of accommodation of the eye usually because of ageing which causes gradual weakening of the ciliary muscles and diminishes flexibility of the eye lens.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 21

Ciliary muscles are found in 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 21

Ciliary muscles are found in:

A: Junction of choroids and iris in eye ball

Explanation:

  • Ciliary muscles are a group of smooth muscles located in the ciliary body of the eye.
  • The ciliary body is a part of the middle layer of the eye, called the uvea, and is situated between the choroid and the iris.
  • The primary function of the ciliary muscles is to control the shape of the lens in the eye, allowing for the adjustment of focus on objects at varying distances (accommodation).
  • When the ciliary muscles contract, the lens becomes more rounded, allowing for near vision. When the muscles relax, the lens flattens, allowing for distance vision.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 22

The aperture controlling the light entering in eye is called 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 22
Answer: B. Pupil Explanation: - The pupil is the aperture controlling the light entering the eye. - It is a hole located in the center of the iris, which is the colored part of the eye. - The size of the pupil can change in response to different light conditions, allowing more or less light to enter the eye. - In bright light, the pupil constricts (gets smaller) to reduce the amount of light entering the eye. - In dim light, the pupil dilates (gets larger) to allow more light to enter the eye. - The iris controls the size of the pupil by contracting or relaxing its muscles. - The blind spot and sclerotic layer are not related to the control of light entering the eye. - The blind spot is the point in the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye, and it does not contain any light-sensitive cells. - The sclerotic layer is the white, outer layer of the eye that provides protection and structure to the eye.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 23

Myopia is a defect in human eyes in which the image is formed 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 23

Myopia is a defect of vision in which far objects appear blurred but near objects are seen clearly. The image is focused in front of the retina rather than on it usually because the eyeball is too long or the refractive power of the eye’s lens too strong. Myopia can be corrected by wearing glasses with concave lenses these help to focus the image on the retina.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 24

Iodopsin is related with 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 24
Iodopsin and its Relation to Cones - Definition: Iodopsin, also known as cone photopigments or cone opsins, are light-sensitive proteins found in the cone cells of the retina. - Function: Iodopsin plays a crucial role in color vision by absorbing different wavelengths of light and converting them into electrical signals. - Cone Cells: Cone cells are photoreceptor cells in the retina responsible for color vision and high visual acuity. - There are three types of cone cells, each containing a different type of iodopsin, which respond to different wavelengths of light (red, green, or blue). - Cone cells are most concentrated in the fovea, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision. - Color Vision: The combination of signals from the three types of cone cells, each containing a different type of iodopsin, allows the brain to perceive and differentiate colors. - Comparison with Rods: Rod cells, which contain the photopigment rhodopsin, are responsible for vision in low light conditions, whereas cone cells containing iodopsin are responsible for color vision and high visual acuity in well-lit conditions.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 25

Convex lens is used to correct 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 25

Answer: A. Hypermetropia

Explanation:

  • A convex lens is a converging lens that brings light rays together at a focal point.
  • Hypermetropia, also known as farsightedness or long-sightedness, is a vision condition in which a person can see distant objects clearly but has difficulty focusing on near objects.
  • This condition occurs when the eyeball is too short, or the cornea or lens is not curved enough, causing light to focus behind the retina instead of directly on it.
  • A convex lens is used to correct hypermetropia by shifting the focus of light rays onto the retina, allowing the person to see near objects more clearly.
  • Convex lenses are often prescribed as eyeglasses or contact lenses for those with hypermetropia to improve their near vision.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 26

Owls moves freely during night since they have 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 26

Answer: C. Only rods in retina

Explanation:

  • Owls have a higher proportion of rods in their retina compared to cones
  • Rods are photoreceptor cells that are more sensitive to low light conditions, allowing owls to see well in the dark
  • Cones, on the other hand, are responsible for color vision and function better in bright light conditions
  • Having more rods in their retina enables owls to move freely during the night and effectively hunt for prey in low light environments
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 27

Which one of the following diseases in man belongs to the same category as haemophilia 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 27

Colour blindness and haemophilia are both X-linked recessive disorders. 

Red-green colour blindness, a very common trait in humans affects between 7% and 10% of men and 0.49% to 1% of women. 

Hemophilia A, a blood clotting disorder is caused by a mutation of the factor VIII gene and hemophilia B, also known as 'Christmas disease', is a blood clotting disorder, caused by a mutation of the factor IX gene. 

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 28

Transmission of light into nerve impulse is a 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 28

The light is mapped as an image along the surface of the retina by activating a series of light-sensitive cells which are known as rod cells and cone cells. These photoreceptor cells convert the light into electrical impulses, which are transmitted to the brain via nerve fibres. The neurons of the retina are arranged in 3 main layers separated by 2 intermediate layers whose main purpose is to make connections among the various neurons. The deepest layer of neurons processes the light first. These neurons are the photoreceptors, the only cells in the retina that can convert light into nerve impulses. The photoreceptor layer then transmits these impulses to the bipolar neurons in the second layer and on to the ganglion neurons in the third layer. It is only the axons of these ganglion neurons, that exit the eye and carry the nerve impulses to the first visual relay in the brain.

Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 29

Colour blindness in human being is due to 

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 29
Answer: B. Sex linked inheritance Explanation: - Colour blindness is a genetic condition that affects a person's ability to perceive or distinguish certain colours. It is usually due to the absence or malfunction of colour-sensitive cells (called cones) in the retina of the eye. - The primary cause of colour blindness is a sex-linked inheritance, which means the genetic defect responsible for the condition is located on the X chromosome. - Since males have only one X chromosome (XY), if they inherit the defective gene, they will be colour blind. On the other hand, females have two X chromosomes (XX), so they need to inherit the defective gene from both parents to be colour blind. If a female inherits the defective gene from only one parent, she will be a carrier but not colour blind herself. - There are some other rare causes of colour blindness, such as damage to the retina or optic nerve, but the vast majority of cases are due to sex-linked inheritance.
Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 30

The iris is a continuation of which of these structures?

Detailed Solution for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 - Question 30
  • The middle layer of the eye is known as the choroid layer.
  • The choroid id thicker in the anterior portion of the eye and forms the ciliary body.
  • The ciliary body continues forward to form the iris.
View more questions
224 videos|175 docs|151 tests
Information about Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 Page
In this test you can find the Exam questions for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1 solved & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving Questions and answers for Test: Sensory System: The Eye - 1, EduRev gives you an ample number of Online tests for practice

Top Courses for JAMB

224 videos|175 docs|151 tests
Download as PDF

Top Courses for JAMB