Test: Hormones of Heart, Kidney & GI Tract - NEET MCQ

To find the correct match from the table:


- Option D: (i), (ii), and (iii) - Correct

All the match are correct

(C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. (CCK stimulates both bile release and pancreatic enzyme secretion.)

Epinephrine (one of the catecholamines) increases the heart beat during any stress or emergency conditions.

Testosterone is responsible for muscle growth.

Glucagon helps in decreasing liver glycogen content.

Atrial Natriuretic Factor takes part in decreasing the Blood Pressure by RAAS.

Cholecystokinin, is secreted in large amounts by the stomach in response to gastric distention and irritation. In addition to stimulating acid secretion by the parietal cell, gastrin stimulates pancreatic acinar cells to secrete digestive enzymes.

Brunner's gland are present in small intestine and secrete intestinal juice through ducts.
Crypts of Lieberkühn, also known as Paneth cells, are tubular glands present in small intestine and secrete intestinal juice.
Pars radiata (medullary rays) are the extensions of medulla into cortex of kidney.
Juxtaglomerulus is present in kidneys and consists of juxtaglomerular cells or JG cells that secrete enzyme renin and hormone erythropoietin. Hence, juxtaglomerulus is endocrine (ductless glands) as it secretes a hormone.
So, the correct answer is 'Juxtaglomerulus'.

(B)  Secretin is a hormone released by the small intestine in response to acidic chyme entering from the stomach. It stimulates the pancreas to secrete water and bicarbonate ions, which neutralize the stomach acid in the small intestine. Thus, Secretin plays a role in neutralizing stomach acid.

A) 1-A, 2-D, 3-B, 4-C

Solution:

1. Gastrin stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen in the stomach (Function A).
2. Secretin stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate ions and water from the pancreas to neutralize stomach acid (Function D).
3. Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates the release of bile from the gall bladder and pancreatic enzymes (Function B).

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a peptide hormone that is produced naturally by the human body. EPO is released from the kidneys and acts on the bone marrow to stimulate red blood cell production.

(C) Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP) is a hormone that inhibits gastric secretion and motility. It slows down gastric emptying and decreases the secretion of gastric acid, helping to regulate the rate at which food moves from the stomach into the small intestine.

(C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. (ANF causes dilation of blood vessels, not constriction, to lower blood pressure.)