Test: Sexually Transmitted Diseases STDs (NCERT) - NEET MCQ

HIV is Human immunodeficiency Virus that causes AIDS. Hepatitis-B is a viral disease and it has not been eradicated yet. Gonorrhoa is a bacterial disease. Trichomoniasis is a protozoan disease.

NCERT Topic: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

NCERT Line: "HIV leading to AIDS are some of the common STIs."

There are no side effects of tubectomy and vasectomy. Purpose of tubectomy is to prevent egg transport.
Contraceptive pills help in birth control by preventing ovulation. Genital warts is a sexually transmitted disease caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). In India, there is rapid decline in - IMR and MMR due to better health facilities.

Topic in NCERT: Contraceptive methods and reproductive health

Line in NCERT: "Sterilisation procedure in the male is called 'vasectomy' and that in the female, 'tubectomy'. In vasectomy, a small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through a small incision on the scrotum whereas in tubectomy, a small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied up through a small incision in the abdomen or through vagina. These techniques are highly effective but their reversibility is very poor."

Gonorrhoea is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Chancroid, is caused by Haemophilus ducreyi. Syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum. Trichomoniasis is a protozoan disease.chlamydiasis also caused by bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis

Topic in NCERT: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Line in NCERT: "Gonorrhoea, syphilis, genital herpes, chlamydiasis, genital warts, trichomoniasis, hepatitis-B and of course, the most discussed infection in the recent years, HIV leading to AIDS are some of the common STIs."

AIDS is a viral disease caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). The common means of transmission of AIDS are:
(i) Infected blood transfusion
(ii) Sexual intercourse with an infected partner without any physical barrier like condom
(iii) From infected mother to child through placenta
(iv) Use of contaminated needles, razors and syringes
(v) Artificial insemination
(vi) Organ transplantation

Topic in NCERT: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Line in NCERT: "Infections or diseases which are transmitted through sexual intercourse are collectively called sexually transmitted infections (STI) or venereal diseases (VD) or reproductive tract infections (RTI). Gonorrhoea, syphilis, genital herpes, chlamydiasis, genital warts, trichomoniasis, hepatitis-B and of course, the most discussed infection in the recent years, HIV leading to AIDS are some of the common STIs."

AIDS, genital herpes and hepatitis B are not completely curable STDs. AIDS is caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Genital herpes is caused by Herpes Simplex Virus and hepatitis B is caused by Hepatitis B Virus.

Topic in NCERT: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Line in NCERT: "Except for hepatitis-B, genital herpes and HIV infections, other diseases are completely curable if detected early and treated properly."

Option A is partially correct, as STDs can cause symptoms such as itching, fluid discharge, pain, and swellings.
Option B is also correct, as STDs can lead to severe complications like PID, ectopic pregnancies, still births, infertility, and abortions.
Option C is correct because both (1) and (2) are true and encompass the range of symptoms and complications associated with STDs.
Option D is incorrect because STDs do lead to both the symptoms and complications described.

Topic in NCERT: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Line in NCERT: "Early symptoms of most of these are minor and include itching, fluid discharge, slight pain, swellings, etc., in the genital region. This could lead to complications later, which include pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID), abortions, still births, ectopic pregnancies, infertility or even cancer of the reproductive tract."

The correct option is C: Among the given options, there is only one complication which is not related to STDs is Erythroblastosis foetalis.
Erythroblastosis foetalis or haemolytic disease of the new-born:-
It is a condition in which develops in the foetus if the woman is pregnant with a second Rh-positive foetus, the anti-Rh antibodies, called haemolysins, will cross the placenta and will destroy all the foetal RBCs (red blood cells).
Rest others are related with sexually transmitted diseases (STD).
Option A: pelvic inflammatory diseases are related to STDs.
Option B: still births can be related to STDs.
Option D: sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can increase the risk of an ectopic pregnancy

Topic in NCERT: Complications of STIs

Line in NCERT: "complications later, which include pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID), abortions, still births, ectopic pregnancies, infertility or even cancer of the reproductive tract."

• (a) Using unsterile surgical instruments: STIs can be spread through unsterile surgical instruments if they are contaminated with infected blood or bodily fluids. So, this option is not correct for our answer.

• (b) Infected mother to foetus: STIs can be transmitted from an infected mother to the foetus during pregnancy or childbirth. So, this option is not correct for our answer.

• (c) Kissing: Most STIs are not spread through kissing. Kissing is generally not a mode of transmission for most STIs, except for some, like herpes simplex virus (HSV), which can cause oral herpes. However, for the purpose of this question, kissing is considered generally non-transmissive for STIs.

• (d) Inheritance: STIs are not inherited. They are transmitted through direct contact with infected bodily fluids or through specific modes of transmission, not through genetic inheritance.

• (e) Transfusion of blood from infected persons: STIs can be spread through blood transfusion if the blood is contaminated with the virus. So, this option is not correct for our answer.

• (f) Using sterile needles: Using sterile needles does not transmit STIs. Proper sterilization of needles prevents transmission. So, this option is correct for our answer.

• (g) Infected foetus to mother: The transmission of STIs from an infected foetus to the mother is not a typical mode of infection. The usual mode is from mother to foetus, not the reverse. Therefore, this option is correct for our answer.

Thus, the correct options where STIs cannot spread are (c) Kissing, (d) Inheritance, (f) Using sterile needles, and (g) Infected foetus to mother, which makes Option 2 the correct answer.

Topic in NCERT: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Line in NCERT: "Some of these infections like hepatitis-B and HIV can also be transmitted by sharing of injection needles, surgical instruments, etc., with infected persons, transfusion of blood, or from an infected mother to the foetus too."

Option A is correct as avoiding sex with unknown or multiple partners reduces the risk of STDs.
Option B is correct as using condoms is an effective method of preventing STDs.
Option C is correct as consulting a doctor for early detection and complete treatment helps in managing and preventing the spread of STDs.
Option D is correct because all the listed methods are effective for preventing the transmission of STDs.

Topic in NCERT: Prevention of sexually transmitted infections

Line in NCERT: "In case of doubt, one should go to a qualified doctor for early detection and get complete treatment if diagnosed with infection."