Test: Epithelial Tissue - NEET MCQ

• Epithelial tissue performs the function of protection, secretion, absorption, excretion and diffusion.
• Conduction of stimulus is the function of neural tissue.

Hence, the correct option is D.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

Based on structural modification of the cells, simple epithelium is further divided into three types. These are:
i. Squamous epithelium
ii. Cuboidal epithelium
iii. Columnar epithelium.

Hence, the correct option is D.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

• Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelia are found in the linings of the trachea as well as the upper respiratory tract.
• Non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelia are located in the membranous part of male vas deferens.
• Most of the respiratory passageways, from the nasal cavity through the bronchi, are lined by ciliated, pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells.

Hence, the correct option is C.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

Transitional epithelium is a special type of epithelium which has the property of stretchability.

Transitional epithelium consists of multiple layers of epithelial cells, which can contract and expand. It is named because of this function in the transition of the degree of distension.

This tissue structure type is found in urothelium, including that of the urinary bladder, the ureters and the superior urethra and gland ducts of the prostate.
Hence the correct option is D.

Hence, the correct option is D.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

• A brush border is the microvilli-covered surface of simple cuboidal epithelium and simple columnar epithelium cells found in certain locations of the body.
• Brush border cells  are found in the lining of the stomach and intestine and help in secretion and absorption.

Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

Line in NCERT: "Digested food is absorbed by the numerous finger-like folds in the inner wall of intestine called villi and microvilli."

The luminal surface of the tonsils are covered with a stratified squamous epithelium (in common with the oral epithelia). The epithelial cells are able to phagocytose bacteria, and transfer them to macrophages, which then present the foreign antigens to B-cells, which are activated (with the help of T cells).

Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

• Cuboidal epithelia have a cube-like shape; that is, their width is approximately equal to their height. They may exist in single layers or multiple layers depending on their location in the body. 
• The Bartholin's glands (also called Bartholin glands or greater vestibular glands) are two pea-sized compound racemose glands which are located slightly posterior and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina.
• They secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina. They are composed of cuboidal epithelium.

Hence, the correct option is B.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

Option 1 : Cuboidal epithelium

The corneal epithelium is the outermost layer of the cornea. It is composed of a single layer of basal cells and 4-5 cell layers of non keratinized, stratified squamous epithelial cells, which are held together by tight junctions, to form an effective barrier against fluid loss and pathogen penetration.

Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

Brush bordered cuboidal epithelium is found in Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT). It is responsible for 70% reabsorption of glomerular filtrate. This epithelium has microvilli.

Hence, the correct option is B.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

The cuboidal epithelium is commonly found in the ducts of glands, tubular part of nephrons like DCT, collecting tubule and collecting duct. It is also found in the germinal epithelium of gonads.

Hence, the correct option is D.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

Simple columnar cells are found In major organs like stomach as it plays a very important role in secretion and absorption.

Hence, the correct option is C.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

The cells in epithelial tissue are densely packed, with little intercellular matrix. The cells have one free surface that is not in contact with other cells because the tissues form coverings and linings. A non-cellular basement membrane connects the cells to the underlying connective tissue opposite the free surface. This membrane is made up of carbohydrates and proteins.
This membrane is made up of carbohydrates and proteins that are secreted by epithelial and connective tissue cells. Epithelial cells can be squamous, cuboidal, or columnar in shape, and they can be organised in single or multiple layers.
Simple cuboidal epithelial tissue can be found in glandular tissue and kidney tubules. The stomach and intestines are lined with simple columnar epithelium. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium lines parts of the respiratory tract and some male reproductive tract tubes. Transitional epithelium can be stretched or distended. The glandular epithelium is specialised in the production and secretion of substances.
Squamous epithelium is an epithelial tissue composed of thin flat cells arranged edge to edge to resemble closely packed tiles. It protects moist surfaces that are subject to minimal friction wear and tear, such as the inner lining of the cheeks, the lining of blood vessels, the alveoli, and so on.

Therefore the correct answer is option (D) Inner lining of cheeks.

• The pharynx is a part of the digestive system which is the conducting zone of the respiratory system.
• The pharynx makes up the part of the throat situated immediately posterior to the nasal cavity, posterior to the mouth and superior to the esophagus and larynx.
• The pharynx is lined by non-keratinised squamous stratified epithelium also called as compound squamous epithelium.

Hence, the correct option is B.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 102 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

• If the epithelium is composed of one layer of cells, it is referred to as simple squamous epithelium and if it possesses multiple layers, it is referred to as stratified squamous epithelium.
• The peritoneum is the serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or coelom. It covers most of the intra-abdominal (or coelomic) organs and is composed of a layer of mesothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue.  The mesothelium is a membrane composed of simple squamous cells that form the lining of several body cavities like peritoneum.

Hence the correct option is D.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

• Cilia can be defined as the hair-like structures that sit on top of a tissue. They wave back and forth which help move things. 
• Ciliated epithelium performs the function of moving particles or fluid over the epithelial surface in such structures as the trachea, bronchial tubes, and nasal cavities. 
• A ciliated columnar epithelium lines the lumen of the uterine tube, where currents generated by the cilia propel the egg cell toward the uterus. They are also present in the buccal cavity of frog.

Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

• Epithelial tissue has a free surface, which faces either a body fluid or the outside environment and thus provides a covering or a lining for some part of the body.
• The cells of this tissue are compactly packed with a little intercellular matrix.
• There are two types of epithelial tissues namely simple epithelium and compound epithelium.

Hence, the correct option is A
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

A stratified squamous epithelium consists of squamous (flattened) epithelial cells arranged in layers upon a basal membrane. Only one layer is in contact with the basement membrane; the other layers adhere to one another to maintain structural integrity.

• Simple epithelium tissue is one layer thick while stratified epithelium tissue is multi-layered.
• Stratified epithelia cover the exterior body surfaces and lining portions of the body tracts, where friction occurs. 
• A multilayered epithelium allows deeper cells to replace the most superficial cells, as they are damaged or cast off from the epithelial surface. 

So, the epidermis of skin in vertebrates comprises stratified epithelium. 
Hence, the correct option is B.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

Inner lining is also known as endothelium. Tunica intima (endothelium) of an artery will normally appear wavy because of the partial constriction of the smooth muscle in the tunica media, the next layer of blood vessel walls.

Hence, the correct option is A,
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

Larynx is lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium except vocal cords (lined by stratified squamous epithelium). The wall of larynx is reinforced by cartilage tissue. Large cartilages (cartilago thyroidea, cartilago cricoidea) and part of cartilago arytenoidea are composed of hyaline cartilage.

Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

Ciliated epithelium present on the inner lining of uterus, fallopian tubes and bronchioles facilitate the movement of particles and mucus in a specific direction. The lining of the gastrointestinal tract contains non-ciliated epithelial tissue.

Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

Blood vessels are lined by single-layered simple squamous epithelium tissue called the endothelium. The endothelium is the thin layer of cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels. It helps in the exchange of materials like gases and nutrients between the blood and the body tissues.

Hence, the correct option is D.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

• Transitional epithelium is a type of tissue consisting of multiple layers of epithelial cells that contract and expand.
• Transitional epithelium is stretchable and waterproof.
• The cells of transitional epithelium are highly keratinized and contain tight junctions or virtually impenetrable junctions that seal together the cellular membranes of neighbouring cells.
• This barrier prevents reabsorption of toxic wastes and pathogens by the bloodstream.

Hence, the correct option is D.

• The mesothelium is a membrane composed of simple squamous cells that form the lining of several body cavities, the pleura, peritoneum and pericardium.
• Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male internal reproductive organs and covers the internal reproductive organs of women.
• Mesothelium that covers the internal organs is called as visceral mesothelium, while the layer that covers the body walls is called as the parietal mesothelium.
• Mesothelium is the epithelial component of serosa.

Hence, the correct option is A.

Line of brain ventricle is called ependymal epithelium.
All of the ventricular system and the central canal of the spinal cord are lined with ependyma, a specialized form of epithelium connected by tight junctions that make up the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier.

Hence, the correct option is A.

Ruysch created the term from the Greek word 'epi', which means on top of, and 'thele', which means nipple.

He used it to describe the type of tissue he found while dissecting the lip of a cadaver.

The exoskeleton is originated from the epithelial cell and after origin, it's keratinized.

Hence, the correct option is B.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

If the columnar or cuboidal cells bear cilia on their free surface they are called the ciliated epithelium. Their function is to move particles or mucus in a specific direction over the epithelium.

Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 101 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.

The basal layer of the stratified squamous epithelium is the cuboid layer which forms the other layer known as the germinative layer.

Hence, the correct option is A.

Unicellular Glands: Goblet Cells. Remember that unicellular cells are single-celled secretory cells.
The only major example in humans would be goblet and mucous cells that are found in the conducting airways and GI tract, respectively. 

Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 102 of topic “7.1.1 Epithelial Tissue” of chapter 7.