Test: Chemistry (2019 - 2011)
15 Questions MCQ Test Science & Technology for UPSC CSE | Test: Chemistry (2019 - 2011)
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In India, the use of carbofuran, methyl parathion phorate and triazophos is viewed with apprehension. These chemicals are used as
[2019]
2017-Indian Express
The Ministry of Agriculture has issued a notification inviting objections and suggestions from the stakeholders on completely banning pesticides/ insecticides including Benomyl, Carbaryl, Diazinon, Fenarimol, Fenthion, Linuron, MEMC, Methyl Parathion, Sodium Cyanide, Thiometon, Tridemorph, Trifluralin, Alachlor, Dichlorvos, Phorate, Phosphamidon, Triazophos and Trichlorfon. So, A is the right answer.
In the context of which one of the following are the terms pyrolysis and plasma gasification mentioned?
[2019]
Pyrolysis is a process of combustion in absence of oxygen or the material burnt under controlled atmosphere of oxygen. It is an alternative to incineration. The gas and liquid thus obtained can be used as fuels.
Consider the following pairs:
Commonly used consumed materials Unwanted or controversial chemicals likely to be found in them
1. Lipstick: Lead
2. Soft drinks: Brominated vegetable oils
3. Chinese fast food: Monosodium glutamate
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
[2017]
Commonly used consumed materials Unwanted or controversial chemicals likely to be found in them
1. Lipstick: Lead
2. Soft drinks: Brominated vegetable oils
3. Chinese fast food: Monosodium glutamate
Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) is a flavor enhancer in Chinese food, but leads to obesity and liver inflation. This was in news because of Maggie noodles controversy. So, 3 is right.
- Brominated vegetable oils are used as stabilizers in the baked goods, soft drinks, soups, jellies etc. but banned in UK after 1970. so, #2 is right.
There is only one combination where 1 and 3 are together i.e. answer "D": 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
With reference to 'fly ash' produced by the power plants using coal as fuel, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Fly ash can be used in the production of bricks for building construction.
2. Fly ash can be used as a replacement for some of the Portland cement concrete.
3. Fly ash is made up of silicon dioxide and calcium oxide only, and does not contain any toxic elements.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
[2015]
Fly ash brick (FAB) is a building material, specifically masonry units, containing class C fly ash and water. All fly ash includes substantial amounts of silicon dioxide (SiO2) aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and calcium oxide (CaO), the main mineral compounds in coal-bearing rock strata. Fly ash can be used as a replacement for some of the Portland cement contents of concrete.
Brominated flame retardants are used in many household products like mattresses and upholstery. Why is there some concern about their use?
1. They are highly resistant to degradation in the environment.
2. They are able to accumulate in humans and animals.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
[2014]
Brominated flame retardants used in many household products are highly resistant to degradation in the environment and they are able to accumulate in humans and animals.
With reference to two non-conventional energy sources called ‘coalbed methane’ and ‘shale gas’, consider the following statements:
1. Coalbed methane is the pure methane gas extracted from coal seams, while shale gas is a mixture of propane and butane only that can be extracted from fine grained sedimentary rocks.
2. In India, abundant coalbed methane sources exist, but so far no shale gas sources have been found.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
[2014]
Shell gas contains methane, according to first statement, it contains propane and butane which is wrong. The source of shell gas is available in India. So the statement (2) is also wrong.
Which of the following is/are the example/ examples of chemical change?
1. Crystallization of sodium chloride?
2. Melting of ice
3. Souring of milk
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
[2014]
Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance. Crystallization of sodium chloride is not a chemical as water of crystallization can be lost to get salt again. Similarly melting of ice is reversible. However souring of milk is a chemical change as it is not reversible and a new compound is formed.
Acid rain is caused by the pollution of environment by
[2013]
Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide react with molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.
With reference to the usefulness of the by-products of sugar industry, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Bagasse can be used as biomass fuel for the generation of energy.
2. Molasses can be used as one of the feedstocks for the production of synthetic chemical fertilizers.
3. Molasses can be used for the production of ethanol.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
[2013]
Bagasse is often used as a primary fuel source as it produces sufficient heat energy. Molasses can be used for the production of Ethanol. Ethanol is produced by the age old technique of fermentation of cereals, grams, molasses and other materials with high starch contents. Molasses is an inexpensive and readily available raw material.
Molasses cannot be used as a synthetic fertilizer as molasses contain calcium, magnesium and Iron where as synthetic fertilizers are comprised of NPK i.e. Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium.
Photochemical smog is a resultant of the reaction among
[2013]
The burning of fossil fuel can create an other atmospheric pollution problem known as Photochemical Smog. Photochemical smog is a condition that develops when primary pollutants like oxides of nitrogen, Volatile organic compounds created from fossil fuel combustion interact under the influence of sunlight to produce secondary pollutants. The major chemical pollutants in Photochemical smog are NO and NO2, VOCs(volatile organic compounds), Ozone(O3) and PAN (Peroxyacetyl Nitrate). NO2 decreases visibility due to yellowish colour. It also contributes to heart and lung problem. Ozone(O3) contributes to bronchial constriction, coughing and wheezing. PAN causes eye irritation, high toxicity to plants.
Consider the following statements:
Chlorofluorocarbons, known as ozone-depleting substances, are used
1. In the production of plastic foams
2. In the production of tubeless tyres
3. In cleaning certain electronic components
4. As pressurizing agents in aerosol cans
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
[2012]
Chlorofluorocarbons are used in the production of plastic foams, in cleaning electronic components and as pressurizing agents in aerosol cans.
Lead, ingested or inhaled, is a health hazard. After the addition of lead to petrol has been banned, what still are the sources of lead poisoning?
1. Smelting units
2. Pens and pencils
3. Paints
4. Hair oils and cosmetics
[2012]
Smelting units and paints are the source of the lead poisoning.
What is the role of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the water purification systems?
1. It inactivates /kills the harmful microorganisms in water.
2. It removes all the undesirable odours from the water.
3. It quickens the sedimentation of solid particles, removes turbidity and improves the clarity of water.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
[2012]
Ultraviolet radiation inactivates / kills harmful micro organisms in water only.
Consider the following:
1. Carbon dioxide
2. Oxides of nitrogen
3. Oxides of sulphur
Which of the above is/are the emission/emissions from coal combustion at thermal power plants?
[2011]
By products of power thermal plant operation need to be considered in both the design and operation. Waste heat due to the finite efficiency of the power cycle must be released to the atmosphere, using a cooling tower, or river or lake water as a cooling medium. The gas from combustion of the fossil fuels is discharged to the air; this contains carbon dioxide and water vapour, as well as other substances such as nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, and (in the case of coal-fired plants) fly ash, mercury and traces of other metals.
The function of heavy water in a nuclear reactor is to:
[2011]
Heavy water (H2O) and solid graphite is generally used to slow down the speed of neutrons.
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