Test: Heredity - UPSC

Fat biosynthesis occurs through metabolic reaction.
While genes do play a role in regulating metabolism and some aspects of fat storage, not every molecule of fat is directly linked to a specific gene. Fat molecules are primarily formed through metabolic reactions, which involve various biochemical processes in the body.

Genes play a crucial role in controlling characteristics or traits of organisms by providing instructions for making specific proteins. Proteins are essential molecules that perform a wide range of functions in the body, including regulating growth, metabolism, and other processes that ultimately determine an organism's physical appearance, behavior, and other traits.

One parent is homozygous for one allele, and the other parent is homozygous for the other allele. The offspring make up the first filial (F1) generation. Every member of the F1 generation is heterozygous and the phenotype of the F1 generation expresses the dominant trait.

The number of successful variations are maximised by the process of sexual reproduction. If we observe a field of sugarcane we find very little variations among the individual plants. But in a number of animals including human beings, which reproduce sexually, quite distinct variations are visible among different individuals.

The DNA in the nucleus of a cell is the information source for making proteins. If the information is changed, different proteins will be made.

A gene is a segment of DNA that is passed down from parents to children and confers a trait to the offspring.

Tall with round seeds

Since tallness of plant and round shape of seeds are dominant characters, these will be expressed in F₂ generation.

"Variation" refers to the differences that appear among the offspring (progeny) of a sexually reproducing organism. When two parents with different genetic backgrounds contribute genetic material to create offspring, the resulting individuals can exhibit a wide range of traits and characteristics due to the combination of genes from both parents. This variation is essential for the process of evolution, as it provides the raw material upon which natural selection can act.

Genes located on different chromosomes will be inherited independently of each other.

Each cell has two copies of chromosome one inherited from each mother and father. Every germ cell is taking one chromosome from each pair that may from either maternal origin or paternal. When these two germ cell combine, they restore the normal no. of the chromosome in the progeny maintaining the stability of DNA

Explanation: Sexual reproduction involves the participation of two parents for the process of reproduction. During fertilization, the fusion of male and female gametes results in the creation of a zygote with a full set of chromosomes. This leads to the sharing of genetic information between the parents.

Explanation: 

Humans follow XX- XY mechanism of sex determination.

Explanation:  Protiens can play a crucial role in controlling characteristics or traits in organisms and also can affect the efficiency of processes like hormone production, which, in turn, can impact the expression of traits. 

Explanation:The genetic material for a child is equally contributed by both parents. An organism develops from zygote which in turn is product of fusion of male and female gamete.

Since the size of body can vary person to person according to lifestyle and diet  and is not same from generation to generation.For e.g., A fat boy can have a slim father or mother or both.