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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - NEET MCQ


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25 Questions MCQ Test Biology Class 12 - 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 for NEET 2024 is part of Biology Class 12 preparation. The 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 below.
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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 1

In transgenics, expression of transgene in target tissue is determined by

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 1

In transgenics, the expression of a transgene in target tissue is determined by the promoter. A promoter is a DNA sequence that precedes the transgene and controls its expression. It determines when, where, and at what level the transgene should be expressed in the target organism or tissue. The promoter is responsible for initiating the transcription of the transgene into RNA, which is later translated into the protein product.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 2

During replication of a bacterial chromosome DNA synthesis starts from a replication origin site and

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 2

Replication begins at the Ori - origin of replication and proceeds on both sides from the Ori.  Unidirectional replication is rare.  RNA primers are involved in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 3

The telomeres of eukaryotic chromosomes consist of short sequences of

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 3

Telomeres are the structures present at the ends of linear eukaryotic chromosomes and have many tandem copies of a short oligonucleotide sequence. This sequence has mostly guanine residues in one strand and cytosine in the complementary strand.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 4

Crossing over that results in genetic recombination in higher organisms occurs between

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 4

Crossing over occurs between non–sister chromatids of two homologous chromosomes. Homologous chromosomes form bivalent. Crossing over occurs between chromosomes in a nucleus.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 5

In a mutational event, when a denine is replaced by guanine, it is a case of

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 5

In transition substitution a purine is replaced by another purine base  (A with G or vice versa). In transversion substitution a purine is replaced by a pyrimidine base or vice versa. Frameshift mutation is a type of mutation where the reading of codons is changed due to insertion or deletion of  nucleotides. Transition is the formation of RNA over the template of  DNA.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 6

DNA fingerprinting refers to

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 6

DNA finger printing is the technique of determining nucleotide sequences of certain areas of DNA which are unique to each individual. DNA contains noncistronic hypervariable repeat sequences called VNTR. DNA fingerprinting involves the identification of these VNTRs.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 7

Genetic map is one that

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 7

Genetic mapping help in studying the architecture of the chromosomes and of entire genome.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 8

Degeneration of a genetic code is attributed to the

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 8

According to the Wobble hypothesis, tRNA anticodon has the ability to wobble at its 5′end by pairing with even noncomplementary base of mRNA codon. It correspond to third base degeneracy of the codons.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 9

In the genetic code dictionary, how many codons are used to code for all the 20 essential amino acids ?

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 9

Out of a total of 64 codons, 3 codons do not make any sense. Hence only 61 codons are used in the formation of the 20 essential amino acids (polypeptides).

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 10

What would happen if in a gene encoding a polypeptide of 50 amino acids, 25th codon (UAU) is mutated to UAA?

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 10

UAA is the stop codon. Therefore at 25th amino acid the synthesis of polypeptide stops. So, a polypeptide of 24 Amino acid is formed.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 11

Which one of the following triplet codes, is correctly matched with its specificity for an amino acid in protein synthesis or as ‘start’ or ‘stop’codon ?

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 11

AUG is initiating codon. UCG codes for serine, UUU codes for phenylalan, UGU codes for cysteine.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 12

During translation initiation in prokaryotes, a GTP molecule is needed in

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 12

For the formation of initiation complex during translation of mRNA, GTP is also required. The initiator AUG codes for the formylmethionine in prokaryotes.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 13

During transcription, the DNA site at which RNA polymerase binds is called

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 13

Regulator is a gene which forms a biochemical for suppressing the activity of operator gene. Promoter is the gene which provides the point of attachment to RNA polymerase required for transcription of structural genes.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 14

What does "lac" refer to in what we call the lac operon?

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 14

Lactose operon in E.coli is a catabolic  pathway in which the structural genes remain switched off unless the inducer (Lactose) is present in the medium.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 15

When a cluster of genes show linkage behaviour they

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 15

Linkage is the staying together of genes and their enblock inheritance from generation to generation. Linked genes do not show independent assortment since they are present on the same chromosome.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 16

Exon part of m- RNAs have code for

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 16

Exons are the coding part of mRNA.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 17

In a DNA percentage of thymine is 20% then what will be the percentage of guanine?

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 17

According to Chargaff's rule, the ratio of purine bases to pyrimidine bases is equal.
A = T, C = G.
If T is 20% then A is 20% and C and G are 30%, 30%.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 18

Transformation experiment was first performed on which bacteria?

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 18

Transformation is change in genetic material of an organism by obtaining genes from outside. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 19

Jacob and Monod studied lactose metabolism in E.coli and proposed operon concept. Operon concept is applicable for

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 19

Gene regulation of eukaryotes is complex as compared to that of prokaryotes.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 20

Out of 64 codons, 61 codons code for 20 types of amino acid. It is called

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 20

Out of 64 codons, only 3 signify stop codons. There are more than one codon for most of the amino acids, the genetic code is non-over lapping. Three successive nucleotides or bases code for only one amino acid wobbling refers to the third base degeneracy.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 21

In E.coli during lactose metabolism repressor binds to

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 21

Regulator gene for ms a biochemical for suppressing the activity of operator gene. Promoter gene is the gene which provides point of attachment to RNA polymerase required for transcription of structural genes. Structural genes are genes which transcribe m RNA for polypeptide synthesis.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 22

Frequency of an allele in a isolated population may change due to

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 22

Mutations are sudden inheritable variations which develop in the genetic system. Natural selection operates through differential  reproduction.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 23

In which direction m-RNA is synthesised on DNA template ?

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 23

The enzyme polymerase can synthesize the bases only in 5′→3′ direction. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 24

At time of organogenesis genes regulate the process at different levels and at different time due to

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 24

Intron are non coding intervening sequences on DNA but exons are the coding sequences.
In eukaryotes, the regulation of gene expression involves splicing together of exonic portions of RNA to give rise to functional m-RNA.Introns are DNA sequences lying within a coding sequence, but not usually encoding cell product. Exon is a DNA sequence encoding and gives rise to a translated polypeptide sequence (protein).

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 25

Gene and cistron words are sometimes used synonymously because

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Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 3 - Question 25

Cistron is that segment of DNA which specifies synthesis of a polypeptide.

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