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Granite is a light-colored igneous rock with grains large enough to be visible with the unaided eye. It forms from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Granite is composed mainly of quartz and feldspar with minor amounts of mica, amphiboles, and other minerals.
An aggregate is called fine aggregate if it iscompletely passes through
The foundation in which a cantilever beam is provided to join two footings, is known as
The foundation in which a cantilever beam is provided to join two footings, is known strap footing. Because strap foundation is between two footing one beam is provided.
The change in the slope between two points in astraight member under flexure is equal to the areaof diagram between those two points. thisstatement is known as
The conjugate beam of a cantilever with end Afixed and end B is free is
Hinge is replaced by ___________ in conjugate beam.
Since hinge has non-zero slope and non- zero displacements, conjugate beam has got to have non-zero moment and non-zero shear.
The degree of static indeterminacy of plane frameshown fig. is
A solid conical bar of uniformly diameter has diameter D at one end and zero at the other end. If the length of the bar is L, modulus of elasticity E and E and unit weight γ, the extension of the bar due to self -weight only is
Consider an element of length dx at a distance x from the free end.Let diametre at this section be d.
Self-weight acting on this element=γ times volume of part below the section
The coefficient of thermal expansion of steel is 12 × 10–6/ºC and that of stainless steel is 18×10–6/ºC. Length of steel bar is twice the length of stainless steel bar. The ratio of expansion of steel bar to expansion of stainless steel bar, when the rise of temperature is same
Correct Answer :- d
Explanation : Sl = (l * α * ΔT)
Slsteel/Sls.s = (lsteel * α * ΔT)/(ls.s * α * ΔT)
=> (2lsteel * 12 * 10-6)/(ls.s * 18 * 10-6)
= 4/3
If a bar of volume V is stressed in axial direction by P and Young's modulus is E, strain energy stored is
Stress developed due to application of a loadsuddenly is ______ times that due to same loadbeing applied gradually.
If a simply supported beam AB of span is subjected to an external moment M at distance a from end A, the reactions RA and RB are
Correct Answer :- d
Explanation : Sum of moment at point A=0
therefore Mo= Rb*l
Rb= Mo/l
similarly sum of moment at point B =0
Ra= Mo/l
Section modulus of a triangular cross-section of width b and height h is
A cantilever carries a uniformly distributed load fixed end to the midspan in the first case and UDL of same intensity from midspan to the free end in the second case. The ratio of maximum deflections in the two cases is
If qs is maximum shear stress due to torque and G is the modulus of rigidity of material of solid
shaft, strain energy stored is
Correct Answer :- B
Explanation : The strain energy stored in a solid circular shaft subjected to shear stress (q) is (where G = Modulus of elasticity for the shaft material),
qs2/4G * volume
If M is bending moment and T is the torque a section on a circular shaft of diameter d. maximum principal stress is
If M is the moment and T is the torque acting at a section in circular shaft of diameter d. maximum shear stress is
As per IS 456 ordinary concrete M10; M15; M20.
Standard Concrete M25 to M55.
High strength concrete is M60 to M80.
In the working stress method of R.C.C design, modular ratio between steel and concrete used
is
In the working stress method of R.C.C design factor of safety used for concrete and mild steel due to bending are respectively
Solution: A
In Working Stress Method
Factor of safety for concrete due to bending equal to 3 is considered on 28 days.
Factor of safety for steel in tension due to bending equal to 1.8 is considered on yield strength for mild steel.
In working stress method of design, factor ofsafety is1.Ultimate stress Working stress 2.Ultimate load Working load
Which one of the following is the correct shape of stress block showing distribution of compressive stress in concrete beam at limit state across the depth (Ref fig.)
For a rectangular beam of size b × d, with yield stress of steel fy, area of steel Ast, concrete with characteristic strength fck, for under-reinforced section, neutral axis to depth ratio is given by
When the depth of a beam exceeds______ side face reinforcement be provide
For beams exceeding the depth of 750 mm Side Face Reinforcement is provided to ensure lateral stability as well as confinement to increase the ductility of the beam member. Moreover, this additional side face reinforcement which is not included in load sharing mechanism also helps in dissipation of additional forces.
IS 456–2000 recommends that in any column a minimum of _____ reinforcement should be used
Partial safety factors for dead load and live load for limit state of strength are
Size of rivet hole is kept _____ more them size of rivet
If P is the pitch, d is nominal diameter and d' bolt hole diameter, minimum pitch is
If t is the thickness of thinner plate in a bolted connection of tension member, pitch shall not bemore than the
The assumptions made in the design of bearing bolted connections arei. the friction between the plates is negligibleii. the shear is uniform over the cross sectioniii. bolts in a group subject to direct load sharethe load equally
i. the friction between the plates is negligible
ii. the shear is uniform over the cross section
iii. bolts in a group subject to direct load share the load equally
If a fillet weld is to the square edge, the size of weld shall be at least ______ less than the edgethickness
In order to avoid tearing of the plate at an edge, the distance from the centre line of the rivet hole to the nearest edge of the plate should be equal to (where d = Diameter of rivet hole)
The effective slenderness ratio of battened columns shall be taken as ____ times the maximum slenderness ratio of the column
Viscosity: The property that represents the internal resistance of a fluid to motion (i.e. fluidity) is called viscosity. There are two ways to write viscosities:
The reciprocal of coefficient of compressibility is known as
Falling drops of water become spherical due to
A submerged body is subjected to a buoyancyequal to the weight of the fluid displaced by it.This principle is known as
If centre of gravity G lies above the centre ofbuoyancy B, the submarine is in
If the velocity vector varies from point to pointat any instant of time the flow is known as
If the froude number in open channel flow is lessthan 1.0, the flow is known as
Cipoletti weir is a type of trapezoidal weir inwhich the sides have a slope of
specific gravity of a substance is the ratio of itsmass in air to the mass of equal volume of waterat
When a sphere falling in a viscous fluid attains a terminal velocity, then:
Terminal velocity is said to be achieved when the body has attained equilibrium under gravity, buoyant and viscous forces, and velocity no more changes due to any acceleration. Here velocity is constant so the acceleration of sphere is zero .
If h1 is total hydraulic head, Nf is total number of flow channels and Nd is total number of potential drops in a flow net, then seepage flow rate is given by
Soil compaction occurs when soil particles are pressed together, reducing pore space between them. Heavily compacted soils contain few large pores, less total pore volume and, consequently, a greater density. A compacted soil has a reduced rate of both water infiltration and drainage. This happens because large pores more effectively move water downward through the soil than smaller pores.
Coefficient of earth pressure of cohesionless soil Ka is given by
In case of cohesive soil, active earth pressure at top is where C = Cohesion and a=45º + /2
The ultimate bearing capacity of a soil for general shear failure in case of strip footing is
For square footing ultimate bearing capacity Terzaghi suggested the expression for finding ultimate bearing capacity from consideration of shear strength.
For circular footing Terzaghi suggested the following formula to get ultimate bearing capacity from the consideration of shear strength.
The consolidatio settlement is given by the expression
In plate load test width of pit should be at least____ times the plate.
The value of factor of safety adopted infoundation design is
Suitable method for forecasting population of a large city, which has reached its saturation population is
According to Indian Standards for domestic usewater requirement per capital per day is
For Indian conditions a provision of _____ perhead per day is sufficient quantity of water forfirefighting
Thermal stratification of impounded water is inthe order
Temperature of water more than ______ isconsidered objectionable
Which one of the following is not turbidity teston water ?
B. coil or E. coil are harmless organisms but theirpresence in water indicates the
Bacteria that need oxygen to live are known as
The most common and universal coagulant usedin water works is
The process of purifying water by passing itthrough a bed of fine granular material is knownas
Checks valves in water distribution is used to
Correct Answer :- d
Explanation : Check valves are generally installed in pipelines to prevent backflow. A check valve is basically a one-way valve, in which the flow can run freely one way, but if the flow turns the valve will close to protect the piping, other valves, pumps etc. If the flow turns and no check valve is installed, water hammer can occur. Water hammer often occur with an extreme force and will easily damage a pipeline or components.
Three-point problem in plane tabling may besolve by
The horizontal angle between the true meridianand magnetic meridian is known as
The bearings of the lines AB and BC are 146° 30' and 68° 30'. The included angle ABC is
Correction due to refraction is approximately about 1/7 th of correction due to earth curvature.
An imaginary line joining the point of intersectionof the cross-hairs of the diaphragm and the opticalcentre of teh object glass is known as
The process of turning the telescope through 180ºin vertical plane is known as
The portion of the roadway between outer edgesof carriageway and drains in case of cutting is known as
IRC recommends spacing between two consecutive expansion joints should not be more than
The total length of a valley formed by two gradients - 3% and + 2% curve between the two tangent points to provide a rate of change of centrifugal acceleration 0.6 m/sec2, for a design speed 100 km ph, is
On degree of curve is equal to where R is the radius of the curve
The station consisting of a block hut only andhaving home and warner signals is classified as
The yard for reception, sorting and reforming ofgoods trains is known as
If the deflection at the free end of a uniformly loaded cantilever beam of length 1 m is equal to 7.5 mm, then the slope at the free end is
Deflection of a cantilever beam for uniform load is given by:
δmax= WL4/8EI
While the slope at the free end is given by:
θmax=WL3/6EI
Taking ratio of these two equations we get,
(WL4/8EI)/(WL3/6EI)=7.5/θmax
⇒6*1000mm/8=7.5/θmax
θmax=0.01 radian.
Which of the following is the reason for the decrease in the use of stones as building material?
The strength of stone cannot easily determined in comparison to steel and RCC, and also its not easily available in plans
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