Aldehydes & Ketones, Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives - Class 12 MCQ

Reactivity of acid derivatives depend upon leaving tendency of anionic group.
RCOCl > (RCO)₂O > RCOOR’ > RCONH₂ Leaving character:

Dicarboxylic acids are heat sensitive, either they show decarboxylation or dehydration. In case of 1,5 dioic dehydration is observed

anhydride is formed

Picric acid is 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol

Ortho effect

SOCl₂ is a lewis acid, it reacts with alcohols & carbxylic acids due to hydroxy group.

It is an example F.C acylation

Baeyer-villiger oxidation, O-atom is added to the alkyl group with higher +I effect

Hoffmann’s bromamide followed by intramolecular substitution

Weaker acids have higher pK_a

Only aldehyde is oxidised without affecting π-bond, so, Fehling’s solution/Benedict’s solution are more appoprate

Given compound is formed by intramolecular aldol

 is chloral, it gives chloroform with alkali.

It is an example of oppaneur oxidation where only 2⁰ alcohols are oxidised to ketone.

It is a fact

Wolff-kishner reduction converts carbonyl group to alkane

HIO₄ dissociates vicinal diols to carbonyls or carboxylic acids.

Acetophenone is unsymmetrical ketone

It can be used to distinguish methyl aliphatic ketones from aromatic ketones, as aromatic ketones do not give white ppt.

Conceptual

Aldehydes can restore colour while ketones do not.

SeO₂ is regioselective oxidising agent.

Conceptual

Cation formed is aromatic in compound (c)

Intramolecular S_N reaction