Olympiad Test: Network - Class 4 MCQ

The center of a computer network is typically referred to as the:
- File server: A file server is a central computer that stores and manages files for multiple users on a network. It provides a centralized location for storing and sharing data.
- Document: While documents are an important part of a computer network, they are not the center of the network. Documents are files that contain information and can be stored on a file server or other storage devices.
- Control unit: The control unit is a component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that manages and coordinates the execution of instructions. It is not the center of a computer network.
- Software: Software refers to the programs and applications that run on a computer system. While software is essential for a computer network to function, it is not the center of the network.
Therefore, the correct answer is File server. The file server acts as the central hub for storing and managing files in a computer network. It allows users to access and share data, making it a crucial component of the network infrastructure.

Explanation:

LAN stands for Local Area Network. It is a computer network that spans a relatively small area, typically within a single building or a group of nearby buildings. LANs are commonly used in homes, schools, offices, and other small-scale settings.

Key Points:

• Definition: LAN stands for Local Area Network


• Scope: LANs cover a relatively small area, typically within a single building or a group of nearby buildings


• Usage: LANs are commonly used in homes, schools, offices, and other small-scale settings


• Connectivity: LANs connect computers, printers, servers, and other devices to enable data sharing and communication within the network


• Benefits: LANs provide fast and secure communication, efficient resource sharing, and centralized management of network resources


• Examples: Ethernet and Wi-Fi are common technologies used in LANs


• Contrast: LANs are smaller in scale compared to Wide Area Networks (WANs) which cover larger geographical areas

Conclusion:

LAN stands for Local Area Network and is widely used in various settings to facilitate communication and resource sharing within a smaller area. It provides fast and secure connectivity between devices and enables efficient management of network resources.

Popular Networking Software:
- Unix: Unix is a popular operating system that is widely used for networking purposes. It provides a stable and secure platform for networking applications and is known for its robustness and scalability.
- Ms-Windows: Microsoft Windows is another popular operating system that is commonly used for networking. It offers a user-friendly interface and provides various networking features and protocols to facilitate network communication.
- Windows NT: Windows NT is a network operating system developed by Microsoft. It is designed specifically for networking purposes and provides advanced networking capabilities such as server management, directory services, and security features.
- All of these: All the options mentioned (Unix, Ms-Windows, and Windows NT) are popular networking software used in different contexts and by various organizations.
In conclusion, all the options mentioned (Unix, Ms-Windows, and Windows NT) are popular networking software used by organizations for their networking needs. Each software offers its own set of features and functionalities to support network communication and management.

Answer:
The correct answer is C: Node.
A network is a collection of interconnected devices that can communicate and share resources with each other. Each device in the network is referred to as a "node." Here's a detailed explanation of why every computer in a network is called a node:
1. What is a network?
- A network is a collection of devices (computers, servers, printers, routers, etc.) that are connected to each other.
- Networks can be local (LAN) or global (WAN), depending on their geographical coverage.
2. What is a node?
- In the context of networking, a node refers to any device that is connected to a network.
- Nodes can be computers, servers, routers, switches, printers, or any other device capable of sending or receiving data in the network.
- Each node has a unique address, known as an IP address, which allows it to be identified and communicate with other nodes in the network.
3. Why is every computer called a node in a network?
- In a typical network, computers play a central role as nodes.
- Each computer in a network can send, receive, and process data, making it an active participant in the network communication.
- Computers can connect to other computers or devices within the network, enabling them to share resources, such as files, printers, and internet access.
- By referring to every computer as a node, it emphasizes their role as interconnected entities within the network.
In conclusion, every computer in a network is called a node because it is a device that is connected to the network and actively participates in the communication and resource sharing within that network.

Definition of WAN:
A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a type of computer network that spans a large geographical area and connects multiple local area networks (LANs) together. It allows for the exchange of data and information over long distances.
Explanation:
A WAN is designed to connect devices and networks that are located far apart, providing communication and data transfer capabilities over a large area. Here is a detailed explanation of the given options:
- Option A: Wide Area Network (WAN)
- Wide Area Network (WAN) is the correct option.
- It accurately defines the acronym "WAN" and its meaning.
- WANs are commonly used in business, government, and educational settings to connect remote locations and facilitate communication.
- Option B: World Area Network
- This option is incorrect.
- There is no such term as "World Area Network."
- It does not accurately define the acronym "WAN."
- Option C: World Arial Network
- This option is incorrect.
- "Arial" refers to a specific font type and has no relevance to network terminology.
- It does not accurately define the acronym "WAN."
- Option D: World Assessment Network
- This option is incorrect.
- "Assessment" refers to the process of evaluating or measuring something.
- It does not accurately define the acronym "WAN."
Conclusion:
The correct answer is option A, which stands for Wide Area Network (WAN). WANs are essential for connecting geographically dispersed networks and enabling communication and data transfer over long distances.

Answer:
LAN (Local Area Network)
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network of computers and other devices that are connected together within a small geographical area, such as a school or office building. LANs are typically connected using Ethernet cables, and they allow for the sharing of resources and information among connected devices.
Key Points:
- LAN stands for Local Area Network.
- LANs are used to connect computers and devices within a limited area, such as a school.
- LANs are connected using Ethernet cables.
- LANs allow for the sharing of resources, such as printers and files, among connected devices.
- LANs are typically faster and more reliable than other types of networks.
Advantages of LAN:
- LANs provide fast and reliable communication between devices.
- LANs allow for the sharing of resources, such as printers and files, which can increase productivity.
- LANs provide a secure and private network environment, as they are limited to a specific area.
- LANs are cost-effective, as they do not require expensive equipment or service providers.
Disadvantages of LAN:
- LANs are limited to a specific area, so they may not be suitable for connecting devices in different locations.
- LANs require initial setup and configuration, which can be time-consuming.
- LANs can be vulnerable to security threats if not properly secured.
In summary, when a network of computers within a school are connected with cables, it is called a LAN. LANs provide fast and reliable communication, allow for resource sharing, and create a secure network environment within a limited area.

Answer:
A network where computers share data and programs over long distances across the world is called a Wide Area Network (WAN).
Here is a detailed explanation:
Definition of WAN:
A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a network that spans a large geographical area, such as cities, countries, or even continents. It connects multiple Local Area Networks (LANs) and allows computers and devices in different locations to communicate with each other and share resources.
Key Characteristics of WAN:
1. Geographical Coverage: WAN covers a wide geographical area, often spanning multiple cities or countries.
2. Long-Distance Communication: It enables long-distance communication by using various technologies such as leased lines, satellite links, and internet connections.
3. Multiple LAN Connectivity: WAN connects multiple LANs, enabling computers and devices in different locations to communicate and share resources.
4. Reliability: WAN is designed to provide reliable and secure communication over long distances, often with redundant connections and backup systems.
5. Centralized Management: WAN networks are typically managed centrally to ensure smooth operation and efficient resource utilization.
Examples of WAN:
1. The Internet: The internet is the largest example of a WAN, connecting millions of computers and devices worldwide.
2. Corporate Networks: Many large organizations use WANs to connect their branch offices and headquarters, allowing employees to access shared resources and communicate effectively.
3. Telecommunication Networks: Telecommunication companies use WANs to provide services such as phone calls, internet access, and video conferencing over long distances.
In conclusion, a network where computers share data and programs over long distances across the world is called a Wide Area Network (WAN). It plays a crucial role in enabling global communication and resource sharing.

Modem
- A modem is a device that converts digital signals into audible analog tones, and vice versa.
- It stands for modulator-demodulator.
- Modems are commonly used to connect computers or other devices to the internet through telephone lines or cable connections.
- When data is transmitted from a computer, the modem converts the digital signals into analog tones that can be transmitted over the phone line.
- At the receiving end, another modem converts the analog tones back into digital signals that can be understood by the receiving device.
- Modems can also be used to establish communication between two computers over a local network or to connect to a remote server.
- They can operate at different speeds, such as dial-up, DSL, cable, or fiber optic, depending on the type of connection and the technology used.
- Modems are an essential component of internet connectivity and have played a crucial role in the development of modern communication systems.

Answer:

A group of computers connected together is called a Network.

Here is a detailed explanation of the answer:

• Definition: A network is a collection of interconnected devices, such as computers, servers, routers, switches, or printers, that are linked together to share resources, information, and services.


• Types of Networks: There are different types of networks, including Local Area Network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), and others.


• Benefits of Networking: Networks allow for efficient communication, resource sharing, collaboration, and access to the internet.


• Components of a Network: Networks consist of various components, such as network cables, routers, switches, hubs, and network protocols, that facilitate the transfer of data between connected devices.


• Network Topologies: Networks can be structured in different topologies, such as star, bus, ring, or mesh, depending on how the devices are connected.


• Network Security: Network security measures, such as firewalls, encryption, and access controls, are implemented to protect the network and its connected devices from unauthorized access and data breaches.


• Internet as a Network: The internet is a global network that connects millions of computers and devices worldwide, enabling communication and information sharing on a global scale.

In conclusion, a network is the term used to describe a group of computers connected together, allowing them to communicate, share resources, and access services.

First Ever Network Setup

• Location: USA

The first ever network setup was established in the United States of America (USA).

Answer:
The name of the first network was ARPANET.
Explanation:
ARPANET was the first network to implement the technology of packet switching and become the precursor to the modern internet. It was developed by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the United States Department of Defense in the late 1960s.
Here is a detailed explanation of the development and significance of ARPANET:
1. Development:
- ARPANET was created to facilitate communication and data transfer between different research institutions and universities.
- The project was initiated by ARPA in response to the need for a decentralized and robust network that could withstand a nuclear attack during the Cold War era.
- The initial design and development of ARPANET began in 1966, and it became operational in 1969.
2. Key Features:
- ARPANET used packet switching technology, which divided data into smaller packets and transmitted them over the network independently.
- This approach allowed for efficient and reliable data transmission, as packets could take different routes and be reassembled at their destination.
- The network employed Interface Message Processors (IMPs) to handle the routing and switching of packets.
3. Expansion and Impact:
- ARPANET initially connected four nodes: the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), the Stanford Research Institute (SRI), the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), and the University of Utah.
- Over time, more institutions and research centers were connected to ARPANET, expanding its reach and capabilities.
- The development of TCP/IP protocol suite in the late 1970s further solidified ARPANET's infrastructure and laid the foundation for the modern internet.
4. Legacy:
- ARPANET played a crucial role in the advancement of computer networking and the development of the internet as we know it today.
- It pioneered the concept of interconnected networks and introduced many of the fundamental technologies and protocols that form the basis of the internet.
- ARPANET was officially decommissioned in 1990, but its impact is still felt in the global network that connects billions of devices worldwide.
In conclusion, ARPANET was the name of the first network and its development laid the groundwork for the internet's evolution.

Who set up the first Network?
The first network was set up by the Department of Defense. Here is a detailed explanation:
Background:
- The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was the first network to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite, which is the foundation of the modern internet.
- ARPANET was funded by the United States Department of Defense's Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) in the late 1960s.
Explanation:
- The Department of Defense (DoD) played a crucial role in the creation of ARPANET.
- In 1969, the DoD's ARPA funded the project to develop a reliable communication network that could withstand a nuclear attack.
- ARPANET was designed to connect computers at various research institutions and universities.
- On October 29, 1969, the first network message was sent between two computers, one at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and the other at Stanford Research Institute (SRI).
- This marked the birth of the first network, ARPANET, which eventually evolved into the internet we know today.
Key Points:
- The Department of Defense (DoD) set up the first network, ARPANET.
- ARPANET was created to develop a reliable communication network that could withstand a nuclear attack.
- The first network message was sent between UCLA and SRI on October 29, 1969.
Conclusion:
The Department of Defense (DoD) was responsible for setting up the first network, ARPANET. This groundbreaking achievement paved the way for the development of the internet as we know it today.

The first ever network setup was established in 1969.
Explanation:
The first ever network setup was called ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), which was developed by the United States Department of Defense. Here is a detailed explanation of the timeline leading up to the establishment of ARPANET:
- 1957: The Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first artificial satellite. This event sparked the creation of the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) by the U.S. government to ensure the country's technological superiority.
- 1962: J.C.R. Licklider, an MIT scientist, proposed the idea of a "Galactic Network" where computers would be interconnected.
- 1965: Lawrence Roberts, a scientist at ARPA, published a plan outlining the concept of a computer network.
- 1966: Roberts and his team successfully connected a computer in Massachusetts to a computer in California over a telephone line, demonstrating the feasibility of long-distance computer communication.
- 1969: On October 29, the first message was sent between two computers at different locations. The message, "LO," was intended to spell "LOGIN," but the system crashed after the transmission of the first two letters. This event marked the birth of ARPANET.
- 1972: ARPANET expanded to include more nodes and became an operational network. It introduced features such as email and file sharing.
- 1983: ARPANET transitioned to using the TCP/IP protocol, which is still the foundation of the modern internet.
Thus, the first ever network setup, ARPANET, was established in 1969, making option B the correct answer.

Answer:
The correct answer is Server. A server acts as a distributor of programs and data to be shared among multiple users or devices. Here is a detailed explanation:
Definition:
A server is a computer or system that is designed to manage network resources and provide services to clients or other devices connected to the network.
Functions of a server:
1. Distributing programs: Servers can store and distribute software applications to multiple users or devices connected to the network. This allows users to access and use the programs without having to install them individually on their own devices.
2. Sharing data: Servers can store and share data with multiple users or devices. This enables users to access and collaborate on the same data, ensuring consistency and ease of sharing.
3. Managing access: Servers can control access to programs and data by implementing user authentication and permission settings. This ensures that only authorized users can access specific programs or data.
4. Centralized storage: Servers often have large storage capacities, allowing them to store and manage large amounts of data for multiple users or devices. This centralized storage is efficient and easier to manage compared to individual storage on each device.
5. Network management: Servers can also provide network management functions, such as managing network traffic, assigning IP addresses, and monitoring network performance.
Conclusion:
In summary, a server acts as a distributor of programs and data to be shared among multiple users or devices. It plays a crucial role in managing network resources and providing services to clients.

The answer is B: Network.
A network is formed when two or more computers are connected to one another. Here are some key points to further explain this concept:
- Definition: A network refers to a collection of interconnected devices (such as computers, servers, printers, etc.) that are linked together to facilitate the sharing of resources and information.
- Types of Networks: There are different types of networks, including local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and the internet.
- LAN: A LAN is a network that connects devices within a limited area, such as a home, office, or school. It allows for the sharing of files, printers, and other resources among connected computers.
- WAN: A WAN is a network that spans a larger geographical area, often connecting multiple LANs. It enables communication between devices located in different cities or countries.
- Internet: The internet is a global network that connects millions of computers worldwide. It provides access to a vast range of information, services, and resources.
- Benefits of Networking: Networking offers various advantages, including the ability to share files, printers, and internet connection, facilitate communication, enhance collaboration, and increase productivity.
In conclusion, a network is formed when two or more computers are connected to one another, allowing for resource sharing and communication.

The Internet is a gigantic computer network that connects computers across the world. Here is a detailed explanation of why the answer is A: Internet.
1. Definition of the Internet:
- The Internet is a global network of computers that allows users to connect and share information.
- It is a vast network infrastructure that connects millions of computers worldwide.
2. Characteristics of the Internet:
- It provides a means of communication and information exchange between computers.
- It uses a standardized protocol called TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) to ensure seamless connectivity.
- It is decentralized, meaning there is no central authority controlling the entire network.
- It is open and accessible to anyone with an internet connection.
3. Functions of the Internet:
- It enables communication through various platforms like email, instant messaging, and video conferencing.
- It allows users to access and share information through websites, blogs, and online platforms.
- It facilitates e-commerce, online banking, and online gaming.
- It provides a platform for social media networks and online communities.
4. Distinction from other terms:
- World Wide Web (WWW): The World Wide Web is a system of interconnected documents and other resources, accessed through the Internet. It is a collection of web pages hosted on web servers and accessed using web browsers.
- Intranet: An intranet is a private network that uses Internet technologies to share information within an organization or a specific group of people.
- Website: A website is a collection of related web pages that are publicly accessible through the Internet.
In conclusion, the Internet is the correct answer as it refers to the vast computer network that connects computers globally, enabling communication and information exchange.

Advantages of Networking:
1. Ease in transfer of data from one computer to another: Networking allows for seamless sharing and transfer of data between connected computers. This eliminates the need for physical storage devices or manual file transfers, enhancing efficiency and productivity.
2. Ease in sharing printers amongst connected computers: With networking, multiple computers can easily share a single printer. This eliminates the need for individual printers for each computer, saving costs and reducing clutter in the workspace.
3. Easy sharing of Internet among connected computers: Networking enables the sharing of a single Internet connection among multiple computers. This allows all connected devices to access the Internet simultaneously, promoting collaboration and information sharing.
4. Centralized management and control: Networking allows for centralized management and control of resources such as files, applications, and security settings. This simplifies administration tasks and ensures consistent access and security protocols across the network.
5. Improved communication and collaboration: Networking facilitates communication and collaboration among users. It enables the sharing of files, documents, and information in real-time, promoting teamwork and efficient workflows.
6. Increased scalability and flexibility: Networking provides the ability to easily expand and scale the network infrastructure as the organization grows. New devices can be easily added to the network, allowing for seamless integration and adaptability to changing business needs.
7. Enhanced data security: Networking allows for the implementation of robust security measures to protect sensitive data. Firewalls, encryption, and access controls can be implemented to safeguard information from unauthorized access or cyber threats.
In conclusion, networking offers numerous advantages including efficient data transfer, shared resources, enhanced communication, centralized management, scalability, and improved security. These benefits contribute to increased productivity, collaboration, and overall efficiency in both personal and professional environments.

Answer:
The type of network that can be found in your school, where computers within the computer laboratory and other departments are connected, is a Local Area Network (LAN).
A Local Area Network is a network that covers a small geographical area, such as a school, office, or building. In the case of your school, the LAN connects all the computers within the computer laboratory and other departments, allowing them to communicate and share resources.
Here are some key points about a Local Area Network:
- Definition: A Local Area Network is a network that connects computers and devices within a limited area, such as a school, office, or building.
- Geographical Coverage: LANs cover a small area, typically within a single building or campus.
- Connectivity: LANs connect computers, printers, servers, and other devices using wired or wireless connections.
- Speed: LANs provide high-speed data transfer rates, enabling fast communication and file sharing between connected devices.
- Security: LANs can implement security measures, such as firewalls and access controls, to protect the network and its resources from unauthorized access.
- Shared Resources: LANs allow connected devices to share resources, such as printers, files, and internet access.
Therefore, the network found in your school, connecting computers within the computer laboratory and other departments, is a Local Area Network (LAN).

Answer:
The networked computers send data back and forth amongst them. Here is a detailed explanation:
- Data: The computers exchange data, which refers to any form of information that can be transmitted electronically. This can include text, images, videos, audio, and other types of files.
- Information: The computers exchange information, which is derived from the data and has meaning or significance to the users. Information can be processed, analyzed, and interpreted from the exchanged data.
- Electricity: While electricity is used to power the computers and network infrastructure, it is not directly sent back and forth between the computers as a means of communication.
- Cables: Cables are physical connections that are used to transmit data between networked computers. They provide a medium for the data to travel from one computer to another.
- None of the above: This option is incorrect as both data and information are exchanged between networked computers.
In conclusion, the correct answer is option A: Data or Information.

Answer:
The correct answer is A: Host.
Explanation:
A host refers to an end system that is connected to a network. It can be a computer, laptop, or any other device that can send and receive data over the network. Here are some key points to understand:
- Host: A host is an end system connected to a network, and it can be a client or a server.
- Client: A client is a type of host that requests services or resources from a server. It can be a personal computer, laptop, or mobile device.
- Server: A server is a type of host that provides services or resources to clients. It can be a dedicated machine or a virtual server hosted on a cloud platform.
- PC: While a personal computer (PC) can be a host, it is a more specific term that refers to a type of computer architecture commonly used by individuals.
- Modem: A modem is a device used to connect a host to a network, but it is not an end system itself.
In conclusion, the correct term for an end system connected to a network is a host.