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Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Biotechnology Engineering (BT) MCQ


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21 Questions MCQ Test Mock Test Series of IIT JAM Biotechnology 2025 - Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ for Biotechnology Engineering (BT) 2024 is part of Mock Test Series of IIT JAM Biotechnology 2025 preparation. The Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ questions and answers have been prepared according to the Biotechnology Engineering (BT) exam syllabus.The Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ MCQs are made for Biotechnology Engineering (BT) 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ below.
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Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 1

Which of the following amino acid is/are not encoded by standard codons

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 1

Amino acids Selenocysteine and Pyrolysine are not encoded by standard codons but by stop codons.Selenocysteine is coded by UGA and Pyrolysine is coded by UAG.
UAG and UGA both are stop codon. Serine is encoded by 6 different codons.  

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 2

Which of the following amino acid shows highest absorbance at 280 nm

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 2

Three aromatic amino acids (Tyr, Trp, and Phe) absorb most of the UV light in a protein. Tyrosine and tryptophan both absorb more than phenylalanine. Tryptophan shows four times more absorbance than tyrosine.

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Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 3

Which of the following names do not represent the name of a peptide

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 3

There are 20 amino acids and 26 letters in English alphabet, hence 6 letters viz B, J, O, U, X , Z do not represent any amino acids, which means the name containing these amino acids will not be representing a peptide O is present in option (a), hence option (a), does not represent a peptide.

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 4

Amino acids that are most likely to be phosphorylated in a protein during a signalling event are

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 4

Phosphorylation is most likely to occur at hydroxyl group of side chain of amino acids i.e. serine and threonine. Hydroxyl group is not present in leucine, isoleucine, arginine and tryptophan.

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 5

Total number of known amino acids in biological systems is

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 5

There are various groups of amino acids:
• 20 standard amino acids
• 22 proteinogenic amino acids
• Over 80 amino acids created abiotically in high concentrations
• About 900 are produced by natural pathways
• Over 118 engineered amino acids have been placed into protein

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 6

On the Ramachandran plot two kind of angles are presented on the x and y axis named phi and psi respectively. These angles represent the:-

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 6

Following figure represent the location of psi and phi angle:

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 7

Which of the following amino acids will have Diastereomers.

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 7

Stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other are called enantiomers.    
Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other are called diastereomers.    
Diastereomers are present only in those molecules which have more than one chiral carbon atoms, and isoleucine as well as threonine both have two chiral centers. Since both threonine and isoleucine have two chiral centres each, maximum number of stereoisomers in each case will be 2n = 22 = 4 (n is the number of chiral centres).

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 8

If an amino acid with neutral side chain has pKa value of 3.4 and pKb value of 9.6 at which of the following pH the amino acid will migrate towards anode

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 8

The isoelectric point here is the average of pKa and pKb which is (3.4+9.6)/2 = 6.5.
Every amino acid is negatively charged at pH above its pI and move towards Anode (+). So at pH 7.4 the overall charge on amino acid will be negative and it will move towards Anode. Only pH 7.4 is above the isoelectric part of amino acid (isoelectric point = 6.5)

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 9

Which of the following sequences have highest propensity to form alpha helix

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 9

α helix is disrupted by the presence of glycine or proline in the chain or successive presence of amino acids with same charge. Glycine, with no side chain, is a helix-breaker because rotation around both F and Y is so unconstrained: recall the large area allowed to glycine on the Ramachandran diagram. Proline also is a helix-breaker because it has no backbone NH to hydrogen bond. Hence b is correct which doesn’t consist of glycine and proline.

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 10

Which of the following is an amino acid

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 10

All of these molecules are amino acids
1. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-essential amino acid formed from glutamic acid.
2. Glutamate refers to the anion of glutamic acid in its role as a neurotransmitter.
3. Citrulline is produced as a byproduct of the enzymatic production of nitric oxide from the amino acid arginine, catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 11

A clinician, during the ultrasound of a pregnant lady found that the lady had multiple fracture of in her fetus. She did not report any trauma. Later a genetic abnormality was identified to cause this due to the non-formation of collagen in the fetus as the mutation replaced glycine to serine in collagen. The name of this syndrome is

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 11

Osteogenesis imperfecta is also known as brittle bone disease. Most of the mutations that cause osteogenesis imperfecta type I occur in the COL1A1 gene. This gene encodes major component of type 1 collagen. Therefore in this disease, there is a problem with connective tissue due to lack of type 1 collagen. Glycine is the most abundant amino acid in collagen and this genetic change replaces glycine to serine, thereby reducing the amount of type I collagen produced in the body, which causes bones to be brittle and to fracture easily.

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 12

Which of the following proteins primarily have alpha helix in their structure

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 12

Myoglobin contains only α helix. Around 75% of Myoglobin is α helix. Myoglobin consists of eight alpha helixes connected through turns. Silk fibroin and Porin contain only β sheets. Ribonuclease contains a combination of alpha helix and beta sheets.

*Multiple options can be correct
Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 13

The correct statement about the biosynthesis of amino acids are

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 13

Only statement d is incorrect, there are 6 families of amino acids in which they can be grouped on the basis of their metabolic precursors.
1. α -Ketoglutarate
Glutamate →  Glutamine/Proline (also form Ornithine)/Arginine
2. 3-Phosphoglycerate
Serine → Glycine/Cysteine (also form Methionine SAM-sulfur donar in mammals)
3. Oxaloacetate
Aspaitate/Asparagine/Methionine/Threonine/Lysine
4. Pyruvate
Alanine/Valine/Leucine/Isoleucine
5. Phosphoenolypyruvate and erythrose 4-phosphate Tryptophan/Phenylalanine Tyrosine (from Phenylalanine by hydroxylation)
6. Ribose 5-phosphate
Histidine

*Multiple options can be correct
Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 14

Which of the following type of secondary conformation is in the same quadrant of the ramachandran plot

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 14

Only right handed alpha helix and 310 helix lie in the same quadrant

Ramachandran Plot

*Multiple options can be correct
Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 15

A person having a syndrome, where he has excessive flexibility in his body and can fold his arms and legs like a rubber, which is clinically known as Ehler Danlos Syndrome.  Which of the following is true about this disease

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 15

The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of related disorders caused by different genetic defects in collagen.Patients also have excessively flexible, loose joints. Ehler danlos syndrome is not lethal and individuals are still present so it is not eradicated from the world.

*Multiple options can be correct
Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 16

Which of the following is not true about the secondary conformation of proteins

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 16

(a) is coll ect as formation of a secondary structure is the first step in the folding process that a protein takes to assume its native structure, (b) is incorrect as the most common secondary structures are alpha helices and beta sheets, (c) is incorrect as pi helix (or π -helix) is believed to be an evolutionary adaptation derived by the insertion of a single amino acid into a α -helix and 2.27 and d is incorrect as a Ramachandran plot is a way to visualize backbone dihedral angles ψ against φ of amino acid residues in protein structure. A Ramachandran plot can be used in two somewhat different ways. One is to show in theory which values, or conformations, of the ψ and φ angles are possible for an amino-acid residue in a protein.

*Multiple options can be correct
Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 17

Which of the following statements is/are true about proteins and amino acids.

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 17

Statement (a) is correct as usually the membrane spanning region of an integral membrane protein is 20-25 amino acid long.
Statement (b) is incorrect, because glycine is the only amino acid which is optically inactive as it has no chiral centre. All other amino acids have atleast one chiral centre, so all other amino acids except glycine are optically active.
Statement (c) is correct as lysine and leucine are the only two amino acids which are exclusively ketogenic in nature.
Statement (d) in incorrect as there are only five amino acids which are both glucogenic and ketogenic in nature. They are tyrosine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and threonine.     

*Answer can only contain numeric values
Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 18

A new amino acid was found on the surface of moon with no ionizable side chain and pKa value 1.8 and pKb value 9.5. The isoelectric point of this new amino acid is _____________ [Answer upto two decimal places]


Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 18

Isoelectric point in case of no ionizable side chain is the average of pKa and pKb, (1.8+9.5)/2 = 5.65

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 19

The isoelectric point of lysine which has pKb 9.06, pKa 2.16 and pKR as 10.54 is ____________[Answer upto two decimal places]


Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 19

Isoelectric point: In proteins the isoelectric point (pI) is defined as the pH at which a protein has no net charge.
In case of a basic amino acid, pI lies in between the pKb and pKR and is equal to the average of pKb and pKR(10.54+9.06)/2 = 9.77 = ~ 9.8.
In case of an acidic amino acid, pI lies in between the pKa and pKR and is equal to the average of pKa and pKR.
In case of a neutral amino acid, pI lies in between the pKb and pKa and is equal to the average of pKa and pKb.

Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 20

The naturally occurring proteins consist of

Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 20

All naturally occurring proteins from all living organisms consist of L amino acids.

*Answer can only contain numeric values
Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 21

The pI for a polyelectrolyte that contains three carboxyl groups and three amino groups whose pKa values are 4.0, 4.6, 6.3, 7.7, 8.9, and 10.2 is _______________


Detailed Solution for Amino Acids And Proteins MCQ - Question 21

Example the pI is a pH midway between the 3rd and 4th pKa values: pI = (6.3 + 7.7)/2 = 7.0. To confirm this conclusion, imagine how the net charge on the molecule will change as the solution is adjusted from strongly acidic to strongly basic pH. As the carboxylate groups and subsequently the ammonium groups begin to ionize, the net charge will change successively as follows: +3, +2, +1, 0, “1, “2, “3.

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