Test: India - Natural Vegetation and Forest Cover - UPSC MCQ

The natural vegetation of India is determined by climate, physiography, and soil factors. These three factors play crucial roles in shaping the vegetation patterns across the country.

The North-Eastern region of India is known for its dense natural vegetation. The area receives heavy rainfall and has a warm and humid climate, creating favorable conditions for lush greenery.

Tropical Deciduous Forests shed their leaves once a year. These forests are widespread in India and are characterized by trees that undergo seasonal leaf shedding.

The Northern Plain of India has scanty vegetation due to extensive cultivation. Most of the area in this region is used for agricultural purposes, leading to the clearance of natural vegetation.

Thorn Forests are characterized by thorny trees and bushes. These forests are found in regions with less than 75 cm of annual rainfall, such as North-Western India and parts of the Peninsular India.

Tidal Forests are also known as mangrove forests. They are found in tidal creeks, swamps, and wetland areas influenced by tides. These forests are characterized by mud, silt, and water accumulation.

The mountainous region of the Himalayas in India is known for its Himalayan forests. The vegetation in this region varies based on factors such as altitude, temperature, and slope.

Moist temperate forests in the Himalayas receive annual rainfall in the range of 100 to 250 cm. These forests are found at elevations between 1500 to 3500 meters.

Tropical Evergreen Forests in India are characterized by trees that remain green all year round. The climate in these regions is warm and wet, with rainfall exceeding 200 cm.

Tidal Forests, also known as mangrove forests, provide protection against cyclones. Their dense vegetation and root systems help absorb and dissipate the energy of the cyclonic winds.