RPSC RAS Prelims Mock Test - 2 - RPSC RAS (Rajasthan) MCQ

The responsibility of “Akshapatalik” in the Early Medieval Kingdoms of Rajasthan was to work as Chief Account Officer.
Key Points

• The early medieval period saw the rise of many Rajput kingdoms like Chauhans of Ajmer, Guhilot and Sisodias of Mewar, Shekhawat's of Shekhawati Sikar, Rathores of Marwar. Later the region came under the suzerainty of the Mughal Empire.
• The Mughals granted high positions to Rajput rulers who allied with them.

Additional Information
Early medieval dynasties:

• Gurjara-Pratiharas of Kannauj
• Chahamanas (of Shakambhari, Nadol, Ranastambhapura and Jalor)
• Tomaras of Delhi
• Chalukyas (Solankis) and Vaghelas of Gujarat
• Paramaras of Malwa and Chandravati
• Gahadavalas of Varanasi and Kannauj
• Chandelas of Jejakabhukti (modern Bundelkhand)
• Guhilas of Medapata (modern Mewar)
• Kachchhapaghatas of Gopadri (modern Gwalior)

The Paramaras had different branches,

• Parmar of Abu
• Parmar of Marwar
• Parmar of Sindh
• Parmar of Gujarat
• Parmar of Bagh
• Parmar of Malwa
• Parmar of Jalore
• Parmar of Vagad

However the most prominent have been the  Parmar of Abu and Parmar of Malwa . 
Additional Information

• The word ' Parmar ' means ' one who kills the enemy '.
• According to Prithviraj Raso of Chandrabardai , the origin of the word Parmar is from the fire .
• In Udaipur Prasasti, Pingal Sutravruti, Tejpal inscription, Parmaro has been described as Brahman Kshatrakulin . 

The World Customs Organization was established on January 26, 1952 .

• It works in areas covering the development of international conventions, instruments, and tools related to customs union, international trade etc.
• It administers the technical aspects of the World Trade Organization Agreements on Customs Valuation and Rules of Origin and maintains the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System which is used to classify trade products.
• It is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium .
• It was formerly called Customs Co-operation Council (CCC).
• As of March 2020  Kunio Mikuriya is the Secretary General. He assumed office on 1 January 2009.

The correct answer is It is a habitable zone is an area around a star.
Key Points
Goldilocks zone- 

• The habitable zone is the area around a star where it is not too hot and not too cold for liquid water to exist on the surface of surrounding planets. Hence statement 1 is correct.
• The distance Earth orbits the Sun is just right for water to remain a liquid.
• This distance from the Sun is called the habitable zone, or the Goldilocks zone.
• Rocky exoplanets found in the habitable zones of their stars are more likely targets for detecting liquid water on their surfaces.
• It can be used as a criterion to narrow the search for potentially habitable worlds.

Important Points
Exoplanet-

• An exoplanet is any planet beyond our solar system.
• Most orbit other stars, but free-floating exoplanets, called rogue planets , orbit the galactic center and are untethered to any star.
• Most of the exoplanets discovered so far are in a relatively small region of our galaxy , the Milky Way.

Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan belongs to the Northern Plain.
Key Points
Indian Peninsular region bounded on the west by the Arabian Sea, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, and on the north by the Vindhya and Satpura ranges.

• Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerela, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Orissa, and West Bengal are the Indian states which lie in the Indian peninsular region.

Key Points
Features of the Government of India Act, 1935:

• The act provides for the establishment of the All India Federation however it never came to exist as the princely state did not join it.
• The act divided the power between the centre and the provinces.
• There were three lists- Federal List (Centre), Provincial List (Provinces) and Concurrent List (Both), which gave the subjects under each government.
• Residual powers vested with The Viceroy.
• It abolishes the provincial dyarchy and introduced Provincial autonomy.
• It p rovides the adoption of dyarchy at the centre.
• It introduces bicameralism in 6 provinces.
• It further extended the principle of communal representation by providing separate electorates for depressed classes(scheduled caste), women and labour ( worker). Hence option 4 is correct.
• It further extended the franchise,  about 10% of the total population got voting rights.
• It established the Reserve Bank of India to control the currency and credit of the country. 
• It provided for the establishment of Federal Public Service Commission , provincial public service commission and joint Public Service Commission for two or more provinces.
• It provided for the establishment of a Federal Court which was set up in 1937.

• Kumbhalgarh Fort  is a Mewar fort  in the Rajsamand district of Rajasthan.
• It was built during the course of the 15th century by Rana Kumbha.
• It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site under the group Hill Forts of Rajasthan.
• There are over 360 temples within the fort, 300 ancient Jain and the rest Hindu.
• Prithviraj Sisodia's 12 khambo ki chatri is also situated in Kumbhalgarh fort.

Key Points

• Sunari is a small village in Khetri town in the Jhunjhunnu district of Rajasthan.
• The interesting fact is that the houses are built with the oldest iron ore melting furnaces.
• They used rice and horses are considered to be of Aryan Vedic culture .

Additional Information

• Tilwara : Tilwara civilization is an Archeological site in the Barmer district at the bank of the Luni river in Rajasthan.
• Nagari : Nagari civilization is formerly known as 'Majhimika' or 'Madhyamika' . This Nagari civilization was the most important township in the Mauryan time period of Rajasthan. Nagari civilization comes to exist and vanished from Maurya to Gupta’s era in Rajasthan history.
• Bagore : In 1967, V.N. Mishra first explores this archeological site in 3 stages. This ancient site is located near the Kothari river in the Bhilwara district of Rajasthan.

Key Points

• CyberKnife Treatment
  • The CyberKnife system can treat moving tumors with pinpoint accuracy , which is unmatched by other radiosurgery systems.
  • This is especially important when treating tumors that move with anybody's function (e.g., breathing).
  • The CyberKnife system’s robotic maneuverability allows doctors to deliver highly individualized treatments.
  • With a linear accelerator mounted on a flexible robotic arm, CyberKnife clinicians at Medanta can select various angles targeting the tumor with a high dose of radiation from every conceivable angle.
  • The CyberKnife uses a very sophisticated 6D image guidance system to track and continually adjust treatment for any movement of the patient or tumor.

Additional Information

• Benefits
  • Improved patient outcomes through better and more accurate targeting of tumor lesions.
  • A painless treatment procedure that requires no anesthesia.
  • The technology is non-invasive and involves no blood loss.
  • Minimum exposure of healthy tissues to harmful radiations.
  • Does not require hospitalization; patients can immediately return to daily activities.
  • No or minimal complications for patients post-procedure.
• Risks
  • Short-term side effects
  • Nausea
  • Fatigue
  • Headache

The correct answer is 1 and 2 only.
Key Points
Scientific Society of Aligarh:

• The Scientific Society of Aligarh or The Scientific Society was founded by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan in 1864.
• In 1862 Syed formed a Translation Society which used to translate the scientific books of English and other European languages into Urdu and Hindi.
• This society later evolved into the Scientific Society of Aligarh.
• The society sought to promote liberal, modern education and Western scientific knowledge in the Muslim community in India. Hence, pair 1 is correctly matched.

East India Association:

• In 1866, Dadabhai Naoroji organized the East India Association in London to discuss the Indian question and to influence British public men to promote Indian welfare.
• Later he organized branches of the association in prominent Indian cities. Hence, pair 2 is correctly matched.

Madras Mahajana Sabha:

• In May 1884., S.Ramaswami Mudaliar, P. Rangaiah Naidu, P. Anandacharlu, and G. Subramaniya Iyer established the Madras Mahajana Sabha. The Sabha adopted a moderate policy in its early days. However, still, its aims and objectives were considered seditious. In December 1895, on his visit to Madras, the Viceroy of India, Lord Elgin refused to receive the welcome address from the Madras Mahajana Sabha.

Subramaniya Siva was an Indian freedom fighter, writer, and pure Tamil movement activist, born in 1884. Hence, pair 3 is not correctly matched.

Key Points
The Thar Desert:

• The Thar Desert is also known as the Great Indian Desert.
• It is located to the north-west of the Aravali hills.
• It lies in western Rajasthan and extends to the adjacent parts of Pakistan.
• River Luni divided the Thar Desert into two-part i.e. Marusthali and Bagar.
• The proper dessert is called the Marusthali (dead land) and has an arid climate with low vegetation cover .
• The Eastern part of the Marushthali is rocky , while its western part is covered by shifting sand dunes.
• In the Thar Desert, the shifting sand dunes are locally known as Dhrian.   Hence option 1 is correct.
• Bagar refers to the semi-desert area which is west of Aravallis.
• In Bagar, River Luni is drained in the Southern region and Salt lakes are in the Northern region.
• The Luni originates in the Pushkar valley of the Aravalli Range, near Ajmer and flows towards the southwest into the Rann of Kutch.

Key Points
The correct order is as follows:-

Important Points
Other important industrial centers of the world are:-

Key Points

• Children in the age group 0-6 years constitute around 158 million of the population of India (2011 census).
• These Children are the future human resource of the country. Ministry of Women and Child Development is implementing various schemes for the welfare, development, and protection of children.
• Launched on 2nd October 1975 , the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme is one of the flagship programs of the Government of India and represents one of the world’s largest and unique programs for early childhood care and development.
• It is the foremost symbol of the country’s commitment to its children and nursing mothers, as a response to the challenge of providing pre-school non-formal education on one hand and breaking the vicious cycle of malnutrition, morbidity, reduced learning capacity, and mortality on the other.
• The beneficiaries under the Scheme are children in the age group of 0-6 years, pregnant women, and lactating mothers

ICDS services:

• Supplementary Nutrition
• Pre-school non-formal education
• Nutrition & health education
• Immunization
• Health check-up
• Referral services

Key Points
The ‘ basic structure’ doctrine  include:

• the supremacy of the Constitution ,
• the rule of law ,
• Independence of the judiciary,
• the doctrine of separation of powers ,
• a sovereign, democratic, republic ,
• the parliamentary system of government,
• the principle of free and fair elections ,
• the welfare state , etc.

Important Points

• The Supreme Court  in the  Shankari Prasad case (1951) and Sajjan Singh case (1965)  ruled that the term “law” in Article 13 must be taken to mean rules or regulations made in exercise of ordinary legislative power and not amendments to the Constitution made in exercise of constituent power under Article 368.
• However, in the Golaknath case (1967), the Supreme Court held that Parliament could not amend Fundamental Rights, and this power would be only with a Constituent Assembly.
• The Court held that an amendment under Article 368 is "law" within the meaning of Article 13 of the Constitution and therefore if an amendment "takes away or abridges" a Fundamental Right conferred by Part III, it is void.
• To get over the judgments of the Supreme Court in the Golaknath case (1967), RC Cooper case (1970), and Madhavrao Scindia case (1970),  Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had enacted major amendments to the Constitution (the 24th, 25th, 26th and 29th).
• The Constitutional Bench in the Kesavananda Bharati case ruled  that Parliament could amend any part of the Constitution so long as it did not alter or amend the basic structure or essential features of the Constitution.

Key Points
Kesardesar Jatan village is located in Bikaner Tehsil of Bikaner district in Rajasthan, India. It is situated 32km away from Bikaner, which is both district & sub-district headquarter of Kesaresar Jatan village.

Additional Information

• The Kapurdi mine is owned by Barmer Lignite Mining Company, a joint venture established by Raj West Power (49%), a subsidiary of JSW Energy, and Rajasthan State Minerals and Mining (51%) in Barmer, Rajasthan, India.
• Barmer Lignite Mining Company was established to operate a lignite mine to supply the proposed 1080 megawatt coal-fired Jallipa Kapurdi power station.
• Tanot Mata is a temple in the western state of Rajasthan in District Jaisalmer of India.
  • Goddess Aavad, the daughter of Mamadia Charan (Gadhvi), is worshiped as Tanot Mata.
  • As per the oldest Charan literature, Tanot Mata is an incarnation of divine goddess Hinglaj Mata.

Health and Welfare Committee is not part of the mandatory Committees to be formed by the Panchayat Samiti as per Chapter X of the Haryana Panchayati Raj Act, 1994.
Key Point
It shall be the duty of a Panchayat Samiti to provide for and make arrangements for carrying out the requirements of the area under its jurisdiction in respect of the following matters.
Every Panchayat Samiti shall appoint the following Committees, namely:—
(a) General Committee
(b) Finance, Audit and Planning Committees
(c) Social Justice Committee

Additional Information

• The Chairman shall be the ex-officio member and also Chairman of the General Committee.
• The Vice-Chairman shall be the ex-officio member and Chairman of the Social Justice Committee.
• No elected member of the Panchayat Samiti shall be eligible to serve on more than one Committee.
• The Executive Officer shall be the ex-officio Secretary of every Committee.

• NIA was established in the year 2008 and its headquarter is situated in New Delhi.
• NIA is the National Investigation Agency .
• It was established by the Indian government for combating terrorism .
• The enactment of the  National Investigation Agency Act 2008 , led to the establishment of the NIA.
• The need for the agency was felt after the 26/11 attacks of Mumbai .
• The agency has the power to deal with terror-related crimes across states without special permission from the states .
• NIA has its branches in Jammu, Lucknow, Raipur, Kolkata, Guwahati, Mumbai, Hyderabad, and Kochi .
• Radha Vinod Raju was the founding Director-General of the NIA and currently Y.C. Modi is holding the position.

Key Point
Lakshmi Kumari Chundawat (24 June 1916 – 24 May 2014) was an Indian author and politician from Rajasthan.

• Chundawat joined the Indian National Congress   party and was a Member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly  from 1962 to 1971 from Deogarh.
• She was a member of the Rajya Sabha  from April 1972 to April 1978.
• Chundawat was awarded the Padam Shri in 1984 for her contribution to Rajasthani Literature .
• Similarly, she has received many awards such as Sahitya Mahamahopadhyay, Rajasthan Ratna (2012), Tessitory Gold Award, Maharana Kumbha Award, and the Soviet Land Nehru Award.

Chundawat authored a number of books in Hindi and Rajasthani including:

• From Purdah to the people: Memoirs of Padma Shri Rani Laxmi Kumari Chundawat
• Folklore of Rajasthan
• Samskrtika Rajasthan
• Mumal
• Devnarayan Bgdawat Mahagatha
• Mumal
• Lenin ri Jeevani
• Hindukush ke Us Paar
• Shanti ke Liye Sangharsha
• Antardhvani
• Rajasthan ke Ritee Rivaj

Key Points
The Montreal Protocol - 

• The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is a global agreement to protect the Earth’s ozone layer by phasing out the chemicals that deplete it.
  • Hence statement 2 is correct.
• This phase-out plan includes both the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances.
• The landmark agreement was signed in 1987 and entered into force in 1989. 
• The parties to the Protocol meet once a year to make decisions aimed at ensuring the successful implementation of the agreement.
• These include adjusting or amending the Protocol , which has been done six times since its creation.
• The most recent amendment, the Kigali Amendment , called for the phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in 2016.
• These HFCs were used as replacements for a batch of ozone-depleting substances eliminated by the original Montreal Protocol.
• Although they do not deplete the ozone layer, they are known to be powerful greenhouse gases and, thus, contributors to climate change. 
• The Montreal Protocol provided a set of practical, actionable tasks that were universally agreed on.
• The Protocol has successfully met its objectives thus far and continues to safeguard the ozone layer today.
• Thanks to the collaborative effort of nations around the world, the ozone layer is well on its way to recovery.

Additional Information
The Kigali Amendment - 

• Aiming at protecting the climate and the ozone layer, in October of 2016 , during the 28th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in Kigali/Rwanda, more than 170 countries agreed to amend the Protocol.
• The Kigali Amendment aims for the phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by cutting their production and consumption.
• Given their zero impact on the depletion of the ozone layer , HFCs are currently used as replacements of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), however, they are powerful greenhouse gases.
• With the Kigali Amendment, the Montreal Protocol will be an even more powerful instrument against global warming.
• The amendment enters into force on 1 January 2019 , provided it has been ratified by at least 20 parties.
• The goal is to achieve an over 80% reduction in HFC consumption by 2047.
• The impact of the amendment will avoid up to 0.5 °C increase in global temperature by the end of the century. 

Turban – Sarpech, Dugdugi, Turra and Chandrama.
Additional Information
Men in Rural Areas of Rajasthan generally wear

• Neck ornaments - hansali, chain, kantha, dora, Baleora, mala, Tabij, jantar, Sher-Nakh-Jantr, Patri, mandalas and kanthi round the neck.
• Ear ornaments - long, Bali, murki, sankli, bhawaria and hanaliya on the ears.
• Fingers - champ on the feet, rings on the fingers.
• Gajjalu - They are cast brass ankle bells that are sewn on to a strip of leather and worn by male dancers when they perform.
• Tazim- It is crafted in gold or silver and is hereditary chain anklet that shows the sign of recognition. It used to be worn on the right ankle either as necklace or bracelets.