Test: Skeletal System (NCERT) - NEET MCQ

Six ear ossicles are present, three in each ear. They are malleus, incus and stapes.

Axis (second cervical vertebra) has a peg like process called odontoid process that fits into odontoid canal of atlas (first cervical vertebra).

Upper rounded end of the humerus (bone of arm) is called head that articulates into the glenoid cavity of the pectoral girdle (shoulder girdle).

Stapes, one of the ear ossicles, is the smallest bone in human body.

Clavicle (collar bone) is the bone of pectoral girdle, It articulates with the acromion process of the scapula.

Each pectoral girdle consists of two bones -1 clavicle and 1 scapula. The scapula consists of a sharp ridge, the spine and a triangular body. The end of the spine projects as a flattened and expanded process called acromion. This process articulates with the clavicle

Each hind limb consists of 30 bones 1 femur, 1 patella, 1 tibia, 1 fibula, 7 tarsals, 5 metatarsals and 14 phalanges.

Trasals, femur, metatarsals and tibia are bones of the legs which are involved in running during chasing the ball by a cricket player.

Scapula or shoulder blade is a bone of the pectoral girdle. It is a flat triangular bone, providing anchoroge for the muscle of the forelimb and an articulation for the humerus at the glenoid cavity.

Cranium consists of 8 bones-1 frontal, 2 parietal, 2 temporal, 1 occipital, 1 sphenoid and 1 ethmoid.

There are five lumbar found in the abdominal region in humans. They extend from the twelfth thoracic vertebra down to the sacral vertebrae.

Hyaline cartilage is present at the end of long bones, Hyline cartilage consists of clear, large amount of translucent, slightly elastic matrix with less fibres.

Clavicle is a bone that forms part of the pectoral girdle (part of appendicular skeleton) linking the scapula to the sternum (part of axial skeleton).

Clavicle and glenoid cavity are skeletal parts pelvic girdle.

The pelvic girdle is composed of two coxal (hip) bones. Each coxal bone consists of three separate parts: the ilium (short and straight bone), the ischium (lower elongated bone running parallel to vertebral column) and the pubis (inner smaller bone).

Patella is a cup-shaped bone covering and protecting the anterior surface of the knee joint. Scapula is a large triangular flat bone, situated on the dorsal side of the thorax.

Theoretically, human vertebral column consists of 33 vertebrae - 77 cervical, 12 thoracic, 55 lumbar, 55 sacral and 44 coccygeal. However, it consists of 26 bones as five sacral vertebrae fuse to form one sacrum and four coccygeal vertebrae fuse to form one coccyx.

The endoskeleton of mammals have two major divisions: (i) Axial skeleton, that lies along the longitudinal axis of the body. It supports and protects the organs of the head, neck and trunk. It includes skull, ribs, sternum and vertebral column, (ii) Appendicular skeleton, which is associated with the appendages. It consists of two girdles, the pectoral and pelvic girdles and the limb bones.

The last two pairs of ribs (11^th and 12^th) are called floating ribs as their anterior ends are not attached to either the sternum or the cartilage of another rib. The floating ribs provide protection to kidneys.

Skull of man is called dicondylic because it has two small protuberances known as occipital condyles at the posterior end. These condyles articulate with the atlas vertebra.

Tarsals and metacarpals are the bones of the limb, therefore, they are the part of appendicular skeleton and not the axial skeleton which consists of vertebral column.

A - Sternum
B - Ribs
C - Vertebral column

Actin is a globular protein present in thin filaments. There are 12 pairs of ribs in man. Sternun is a flat bone present on the ventral side of the body in the middle of the front of the chest.

The dentary is a bone in the mandible, which is the lower jaw of mammals: 

• Dentary: A single bone that forms each side of the mandible. The left and right dentaries meet at the mandibular symphysis. 

• Mandible: The lower jaw, which is the only movable bone in the skull. It's the largest and strongest bone in the human face. The mandible contains the lower teeth, and many muscles, nerves, and blood vessels attach to it. 

The first 7 pairs of ribs are called true ribs as their anterior ends are attached directly to the sternum. The 8^th, 9^th and 10^th pairs are called false ribs as they are attached indirectly to the sternum. The 11^th and 12^th pairs are called floating ribs as their anterior ends are not attached to sternum.