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Test: Blood (NCERT) - NEET MCQ


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30 Questions MCQ Test Biology Class 11 - Test: Blood (NCERT)

Test: Blood (NCERT) for NEET 2024 is part of Biology Class 11 preparation. The Test: Blood (NCERT) questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The Test: Blood (NCERT) MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Blood (NCERT) below.
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Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 1

Which two of the following changes(a-d) usually tend to occur in plain dwellers when they move to higher altitudes (3500m or more)?
(i) Increase in red blood cell size
(ii) Increase in red blood cell production
(iii) Increase in breathing rate
(iv) Increase in thrombocyte count

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 1

When plain dwellers move to high altitudes, the red blood cell production increases. This is in response to the low oxygen content of the air at high altitudes and thus more RBCs (and hence more Hb) are needed to absorb the required amount of O2 from the air. Breathing rate also increases so that the required amount of O2 reaches all the tissues of the body.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 2

Blood does not clot inside the blood vessels due to the presence of

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 2

Heparin is a glycosaminoglycan with anticoagulant properties, occurring in the blood. Therefore blood does not clot inside blood vessels.

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Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 3

Which one of the following statements is correct with regardto the principle of safe blood transfusion?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 3

The correct option is C The recipient’s serum should not contain the antibodies against the RBCs of the donor
“A” and “B” are the two surface antigens that are present on the surface of the RBCs. If antigen “A” is found on the RBCs, then anti-B antibodies are developed in the plasma of that individual. If antigen “B” is found on the RBCs, then that individual tends to develop anti-A antibodies in the plasma. The blood transfusion should be done in such a way that the recipient’s serum (plasma without the clotting factors) does not contain antibodies against the antigens present on the surface of the RBCs of the donor. The blood of the donor should properly match with the blood of the recipient. Otherwise, it will result in the destruction or clumping of the red blood cells.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 4

A drop of each of the following is placed separately onfour slides. Which of them will not coagulate?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 4

The correct answer is blood serum.

Explanation:

  • Blood serum is the liquid part of the blood that remains after coagulation has occurred, meaning the clotting factors (like fibrinogen) have been removed. Because serum lacks these clotting factors, it does not coagulate.

  • Blood from the pulmonary artery, whole blood from the pulmonary vein, and blood plasma all contain clotting factors and can coagulate under the right conditions.

Therefore, the substance that will not coagulate is blood serum.

Final Answer: 1 (Blood serum)

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 5

What percentage of blood is plasma?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 5
  • Plasma, which is an element of blood, constitutes 55% of it.
  • The rest 45% consists of the formed elements-the RBCs, the WBCs and the blood platelets.
  • Plasma is straw colored and a viscous fluid.
Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 6

In which of the following situations, there is a risk factorfor children acquiring erythroblastosis foetalis?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 6

During first pregnancy, Rh antigens of the foetus do not get exposed to the Rh -ve blood of the mother as the two bloods are well separated by placenta. However, at the time of delivery, there are chances of exposure of the maternal blood to small amounts of Rh +ve blood of the foetus. Thus mother's body starts preparing antibodies against Rh antigens in her blood. In case of subsequent pregnancies, the Rh antbodies from the mother can leak into the blood of the Rh +ve foetus and destroy the foetal RBCS This could be fatal for the foetus or could cause severe anaemia and jaundice. This condition is called erythroblastosis foetalis.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 7

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Prothrombin is essential for blood clotting.
Statement 2: Prothrombin is synthesized in the liver in the presence of C++

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 7

Prothrombin is essential for blood clotting and is synthesized in the liver in the presence of vitamin K. 

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 8

What is serum comprised of?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 8
  • Serum is composed of plasma which is devoid of clotting factors.
  • Normally, plasma contains 6-8% of proteins and 90-92% of water.
  • It also contains minerals, biomolecules and clotting factors.
Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 9

Study the given figure and identify the cells labelled as A, B, C and D.

 

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 9

The diagram shows the different types of blood cells.
The label A refers to eosinophils. The nucleus of these cells is bilobed. They are involved in allergic and inflammatory reactions.
The label B refers to monocytes. They have a kidney-shaped nucleus.
The label C refers to neutrophils. They have a multilobed nucleus. the monocytes and neutrophils are involved in phagocytosis.
The label D refers to lymphocytes. They have a large circular nucleus. They form the immune T cells and B cells.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 10

Which of the following match is correct? 

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 10

The structure given in option 'b' is of basophil. Basophils secrete histamine, serotonin, heparin, etc. and are involved in inflammatory reactions. The structure given in option'a is of neutrophil. Its percentage is 40-70%. The structure given in option 'cis of eosinophil. Its percentage is 1-6%. The structure given in option 'd' is of monocyte. Its percentage is 2-10% and is phagocytic in function.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 11

Consider the following four statements and select the correct option stating which ones are true (T) and which ones are false (F)?
I. Proteins contribute 6-8% of the blood plasma
II. Plasma contains very high amount of minerals
III. Plasma without the clotting factors is called serum
IV. Glucose, amino acids, lipids, etc., are also present in the plasma as they are always in transit in the body.

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 11

Plasma contains small amounts of minerals like Na+,Mg2+, Ca2+, HCO3- Cl- etc.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 12

In the following table of human ABO blood groups fill-up the blanks (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) front the options}; below.

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 12

(i) for O blood group the antigens are absent on the RBCs, III) the plasma therefore contains antibodies for both antigen A and antigen B, 
(ii) for AB blood group the surface of RBC has both antigen A and B, therefore no antibodies in the plasma. 
(iv) the donor group of O is only O group.
So, the correct answer is 'i - Nil, ii - Nil, iii - Anti-A, B, iv - O'

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 13

Find the correct descending order of percentage proportion of leucocytes in human blood.

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 13

Neutrophils (40-70%) + Lymphocytes (20-40%) → Monocytes (2-10%) → Acidophils (1-6%) → Basophils (0-1%).

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 14

Which of the following statements are correct?

(i) Ca+2  is necessary for blood coagulation.
(ii) Coagulation in blood vessel is prevented during normal condition by heparin.
(iii) Clotting of blood involves changes of fibrinogen to fibrin by thrombin.
(iv) Blood clotting involves cascading process involving a number of factors present always in the active form.

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 14

Correct option is C. 

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 15

Consider the following statements (A-C) each with one or two blanks.
(A) (1) are the most abundant cells (60-65 percent) of the total WBCs and (2) are the least (0.5-1 percent) among them.
(B) Platelets are cell fragments produced from (3).
(C) During clot formation, fibrins are formed by the conversion of inactive (4) in the plasma by the enzyme (5)
Which one of the following options, gives the correct fill ups for the respective blank numbers from (1) to (5) in the statements ?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 15

Blood platelets are cell fragments rather than true cells, they are formed from megakaryocytes (very large cells of bone marrow).

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 16

A certain road accident patient with unknown blood group needs immediate blood transfusion. His one doctor friend at once offers his blood. What was the blood group of the doctor?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 16

Persons with blood group 'O' (with no antigens on RBCs) are known as universal donors as they can donate Bblood to any person of any blood group of ABO system.
Thus the blood group of the donor must be 'O' which can be safely donated to the patient as the patient's body will not produce any antibody against the persons's blood.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 17

Clumping of RBC may occur when blood of one person is mixed with serum or blood of another person. This is due to

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 17

The RBC membrane contains either antigen A or antigen B, or both Antigen A and B or no antigen at all, accordingly the blood is classified as blood group A , B , AB and O respectively. The blood plasma of blood group A will have antibodies for B, that of B will have antibodies for A,  that of AB will have non, while that of O will have both the antibodies. If blood is transfused at random this will lead to antigen-antibody reaction - like if A is the blood group of the recipient while the blood group of the donor happens to be B, this will lead to clumping of the RBCs.
So, the correct answer is 'Antigen-antibody reaction'

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 18

The life span of human granulocytic WBC is approximately

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 18

The lifespan of white blood cells ranges from 8-10 days, after which time they are destroyed in the lymphatic system. When immature WBCs are first released from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood, they are called "bands" or "stabs." Leukocytes fight infection through a process known as phagocytosis.
 So the correct answer is 'Less than 10 days'

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 19

Which statement is true about WBC?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 19

WBC’s can change their shape and are capable of amoeboid movement . This enables them to squeeze out of blood capillaries into the tissues. this process is known as diapedesis.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 20

Which of the following blood groups is a universal recipient in blood transfusion?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 20

Persons having blood group AB, do not have antibodies in their plasma, therefore, they are universal recipients.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 21

Prothrombin, which helps in clotting of blood, is released by

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 21

In humans, blood oozes out from a cut or injury and forms a semi-solid or solid clump, which is called a blood clot and this process is called blood clotting. Blood clotting is necessary to prevent excessive loss of blood.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 22

During the process of blood coagulation, vitamin k helps in

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 22

Prothrombin is an inactive plasma portion that is converted into active protein called thrombin by the enzyme prothrombinase. Vitamin K help in the synthesis of prothrombin in liver.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 23

The life span of thrombocytes is

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 23

Thrombocytes are involved in blood clotting. Their life span is 3-7 days.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 24

Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is catalysed by

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 24

In order for the blood to clot, fibrinogen must be converted to fibrin by the action of an enzyme called thrombin, Fibrin then forms long filaments, which trap blood cells to form a solid clot.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 25

In a healthy adult man, the smallest type of leucocytes are

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 25

Lymphocytes are the smallest (6-10 nm) and the most common (20-40% of total leucocytes) leucocytes after neutrophils (40-70% of total leucocytes).

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 26

Which of these are the most abundant in blood?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 26
  • Out of all the different types of leukocytes present in blood, neutrophils are the most abundant in blood.
  • They constitute 60-65% of the total number of white blood cells.
  • They are phagocytic cells.
Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 27

Rh factor was discovered by

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 27

Rh factor was discovered by Landsteiner and Weiner in 1940 in Rhesus monkey. Rh factor is a protein named rhesus antigen and is present on the surface of RBCS in
many persons. Persons who have this antigen are called Rh+. Others, who do not have this antigen are called Rh-.

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 28

Which of the following factors is known as Christmas factor?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 28

Christmas factor (factor IX) is a plasma thromboplastin component i.e., a thromboplastin activator present in blood plasma. Its deficiency causes congenital disease called hemophilia B (also called Christmas disease).

Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 29

Which of these cells are phagocytic?

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 29
  • Monocytes and neutrophils are phagocytic white blood cells or leukocytes.
  • These cells engulf and destroy foreign particles and various pathogenic organisms by the process of phagocytosis.
Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 30

Most of our cells are surrounded by- 

Detailed Solution for Test: Blood (NCERT) - Question 30

All the fluids outside the cells are collectively called the extracellular fluid. The extracellular fluid is mainly present as interstitial fluid and plasma. The interstitial fluid surrounds each cell. The plasma is the noncellular part of the blood and communicates continuously with the interstitial fluid through the pores of the capillary mombranes.

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