Test: Dual Nature of Matter - NEET MCQ

Given, 2.6 e V = 2.6 X 1.6 X 10^-19 J = 4.16 X 10^-19 J

Now,by using formula,

Actually, according to uncertainty principle, 

Δx.Δp ≥ h/4π

or Δx.Δp ≈ h/4n 

where, Δx, is uncertainty in position and Δp is uncertainty in momentum. 

So, if Δx = 0 

Hence, uncertainty in momentum Δp = h/4π x 0 = Infinity.

Change in position (X),
P= momentum,
P=mv.
X ×P = h/4π.
X× m v = h/4π.
X= h/4πmv.
X=6.625×10^-34/4 ×3.14×9.1×10^-31×300.
X=6.625×10^-5/342.8.
X=0.0192×10^-5.
X= 19.2× 10^-7.
in question it is given to take accurate up to 0.001%.= 1×10^-3/100=1 ×10^-5.
X= 19.2 ×10^-7/10^-5.
X=19.2 × 10^-2.

Einstein's explanation of photoelectric effect using the concept of photons. In 1905, Albert Einstein provided an explanation of the photoelectric effect, an experiment that the wave theory of light failed to explain. He did so by postulating the existence of photons, quanta of light energy with particulate qualities.

According to De Broglie, a moving small particle like electron, proton, neutron, dust particle, a small ball etc. has the properties of a wave (Dual nature of matter).

The wave length of a moving particle may be calculated as

λ=h/mv =h/p

De Broglie equation

λ =wave length

h= planck’s constt.

m=mass of particle

v=velocity of particle

p=momentum of the particle

1nm= 10^-9m.
wavelength= 600nm= 600 ×10-9m
wavelength= h/p.
wavelength= h/mv
v= h/ m wavelength
v=6.625×10^-34/9.1×10^-31×600× 10^-9.
v= 6.625 × 10⁺⁴/9.1 ×6.
v= 6.625× 10⁺⁴/9.1×6.
v= 6.625 ×10⁴/54.6.
v= 0.12 × 10⁴.
v= 0.0012 × 10⁺⁶ .

The uncertainty principle is alternatively expressed in terms of a particle’s momentum and position. The momentum of a particle is equal to the product of its mass times its velocity. Thus, the product of the uncertainties in the momentum and the position of a particle equals h/(4π) 

The Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that it is impossible to know simultaneously the exact position and momentum of a particle. That is, the more exactly the position is determined, the less known the momentum, and vice versa. 

This is accordance with the Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.It states that it is not possible to accurately determine the position and momentum of a microscopic particle such as electron simultaneously.

Wavelength = h/p = h/ mv.
v= h/ m.wavelength
v= 6.625 × 10^-34/9.1×10^-31 × 8.7 × 10^-11
v= 6.625 × 10⁸/ 9.1× 8.7
v= 0.08367 ×10⁸.