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NEET Exam  >  NEET Tests  >  Biology Class 12  >  Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - NEET MCQ

Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - NEET MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test Biology Class 12 - Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1

Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 for NEET 2024 is part of Biology Class 12 preparation. The Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 below.
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Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 1
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Directions: In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :

Assertion (A) : Chargaff's rule is applicable to RNA.

Reason (R) : RNA contains deoxyribose sugar in them.

Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 1

According to Chargaff's rule the DNA helix contains an equal molar ratio of A & T, G & C.... . This does not apply to RNA, as uracil is present in RNA instead of DNA. RNA contains ribose sugar in them.

Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 2
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Directions: Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.

Assertion : Constitutive genes are continuously being expressed.

Reason : Constitutive genes are frequently needed for various metabolic functions.

Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 2
Certain gene -products, such as fRNA molecules, rRNA molecules, ribosomal proteins, RNA polymerase components (polypeptides) and other enzymes catalysing metabolic processes that are frequently referred to as cellular “housekeeping” functions , are essential components of almost all living cells. Genes that specify products of this type are continually being expressed in most cells. Such genes are said to be expressed constitutively and are frequently referred to as constitutive genes.
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Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 3
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Directions: In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :

Assertion (A) : Primary transcripts in eukaryotes are non-functional.

Reason (R) : Methyl guanosine triphosphate isattached to 5’ – end of hnRNA.

Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 3
Primary transcripts contains both introns and exon, in which introns are noncoding

parts.

Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 4
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Directions: Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.

Assertion : Synthesis of tryptophan is self regulatory.

Reason : Tryptophan works both as a co-repressor and through feedback inhibition.
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 4
Tryptophan regulates its own active synthesis by regulating the expression of its gene via feedback

mechanism and also by acting as co-repressor which attaches with repressor proteins produced by regulator gene and blocking the promoter gene site thus blocking m-RNA synthesis and further steps.

It is thus obvious that the synthesis of tryptophan is self regulatory, since it, when present in plenty, works firstly by feedback inhibition, and secondly through co-repression to stop further synthesis of tryptophan.

Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 5
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Directions: In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :

Assertion (A) : Termination codons or stop codons are UAA, UAG and UGA.

Reason (R) : Stop codons represent termination of translation.
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 5
Assertion (A) : Termination codons or stop codons are UAA, UAG and UGA. Reason (R) : Stop codons represent termination of translation.
Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 6
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Directions: Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.

Assertion: No lac mRNA is made in the presence of glucose.

Reason: In the presence of glucose and lactose activity of lac operon is not needed.
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 6
The function of (3-galactosidase enzyme in lactose metabolism is to form glucose by cleaving lactose. Thus if both glucose and lactose are present in the growth medium, activity of lac operon is not needed, and indeed, no (3-galactosidase is formed until virtually all of the glucose in the culture medium is consumed. The lack of synthesis of (3-galactosidase is a result of lack of synthesis of lac mRNA. No lac mRNA is made in the presence of glucose, because in addition of an inducer to inactivate the lac i repressor, another element (cAMP-CAP) is needed for initiating lac mRNA synthesis, the activity of this element is regulated by the concentration of glucose. However, the inhibitory effect of glucose on expression of lac operon is quite indirect.
Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 7
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Directions: In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :

Assertion (A) : Genetic codes are commaless.

Reason (R) : Genetic codes are overlapping.
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 7
Genetic codes are commaless, but they are not overlapping as no single base take

part in the formation of more than one codon, therefore they are non-overlapping.

Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 8
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Directions: Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.

Assertion: Lactose in lac operon is promoter gene.

Reason: Lactose inactivates the repressor gene.
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 8
Lactose is not a promoter gene but an inducer of lac operon as it combines with a repressor protein formed by repressor or regulatory gene and not the gene itself. The inducer joins the repressor, forming a repressor-inducer complex. This complex prevents the repressor from binding with the operator gene of the operon. This frees the operator gene so that the RNA polymerase can move from the promoter to the structural genes.

The structural genes are then transcribed, forming a piece of polycistronic mRNA. The latter is transcribed by fRNA and ribosomes into enzymes.

Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 9
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Assertion A: "DNA Finger Printing" has become an important test to establish the paternity and identity of criminals of rape cases.

Reason R: Small samples such as hair, dried blood, and semen are adequate for DNA analysis.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 9

The correct answer is Both A and R are true and R explains A.

  • DNA Finger Printing has become an important test to establish the paternity and identity of criminals of rape cases.
  • Small samples such as hair, dried blood, and semen are adequate for DNA analysis.
Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 10
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Directions: Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.

Assertion: Regulator and operator genes are not associated with constitutive genes.

Reason : Constitutive genes need not be repressed.
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 10
Regulator gene controls the operator gene in cooperation with a chemical compound called inducer present in the cytoplasm. The regulation gene codes for and produces a protein substance called repressor. The repressor substance combines with the operator gene to repress its function. Therefore it is called the regulator gene.

The constitutive genes keep on functioning all the time. They need not be repressed. Therefore, the regulator and operator genes are not associated with them.

Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 11
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Directions: In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :

Assertion (A) : In RNA uracil is present at the place of thymine.

Reason (R) : 5-methyl uracil is the chemical name of thymine.
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 11
Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true. Since the half-life of the RNA molecules is shorter , uracil would suffice to achieve the function of RNA. On the other hand, DNA remains the same until the cell dies/divides. The functions of thymine and uracil are the same.
Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 12
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Directions: In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :

Assertion (A) : The enzyme involved in the continuous replication of DNA strand is DNA

polymerase .

Reason (R) : The polarity of the template strand is 3'→5'.
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 12

DNA polymerase enzyme is responsible for synthesizing DNA, they add nucleotides one by one to the growing DNA chain, adding those which are complementary to the template. The template strand has polarity in 3'→5'.

Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 13
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Assertion: In Griffith’s experiment mice were injected by a mixture of heat killed Smooth type bacteria and live Rough type bacteria. Some mice died of pneumonia and their blood contained both live Rough type bacteria and live Smooth type bacteria.
Reason: The dead Smooth type bacteria became alive and caused pneumonia. Griffith named it as transforming principle.
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 13

In Griffith’s experiment mice were injected by a mixture of heat killed Smooth type bacteria and live Rough type bacteria. Some mice died of pneumonia and their blood contained both live Rough type bacteria and live Smooth type bacteria. The rough strain of bacteria was transformed to the smooth strain and killed the mice.

Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 14
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Directions: In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :

Assertion (A) : Aminoacylation is an essential step

for the synthesis of protein.

Reason (R) : It is the process of adding an activated

amino acid to the acceptor arm of a transfer RNA.
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 14
Both assertion and reason are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation

of the assertion (A). This attachment is an essential step in the synthesis of protein. This

attachment is brought by aminoacyl-t-RNA synthetase.

Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 15
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Directions: In the following questions a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :

Assertion (A) : The newly formed mRNA has the same sequence as the coding strand of the transcriptional unit with uracil present at place of thymine.

Reason (R) : The rule of complementarity guides the formation of DNA and RNA.
Detailed Solution for Assertion & Reason Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 1 - Question 15
The sequence of mRNA will be identical to the given sequence of coding strand except for the presence of uracil in place of thymine in mRNA.
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