Olympiad Test Level 1: Transport System- 2

Diesel and electric engines have replaced steam engines.

The world's longest and deepest rail tunnel has been officially opened in Switzerland after nearly two decades of construction work. The Gotthard tunnel is 57 km (35 miles) long and is designed to provide a high-speed rail link from Rotterdam in the Netherlands to Genoa in Italy.

• Border Road Organisation (BRO) was formed on 7th May 1960 to secure India's borders and develop infrastructure in remote areas of the north and north-east states of the country. 
• Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the great visionary and first Prime Minister of India conceptualized Border Roads Organization in 1960.
• BRO has constructed 43567 Km of roads in difficult, remote areas of the country. 
• The organization has been able to construct roads in areas covered with snow for six months in a year.

The Shipping Corporation of India was established on October 2nd, 1961, by the amalgamation of Eastern Shipping Corporation and Western Shipping Corporation. Starting out as a marginal Liner shipping Company with just 19 vessels, the SCI has today evolved into the largest Indian shipping Company.

Most commercial aircraft typically fly at around 460-575 mph, or 740-930 km/h, according to Flight Deck Friend. But private jet speed can vary depending on a variety of factors, such as the weight on board and the weather conditions.

The highway works all across the country are undertaken by NHAI, It was formed in 1988 and it has the mandate to follow all the NHDP (national highway development program) which is implemented in phases.

• Metro Railway, Kolkata is the first underground Metro in India.
• Metro services in Kolkata began on 24 October 1984.
• It ran between Esplanade and Bhowanipur (currently Netaji Bhavan) covering a distance of 3.40 km.
• The first metro was driven by Tapan Kumar Nath and Sanjoy Sil.
• The foundation stone of the Kolkata Metro project was laid by Indira Gandhi, on 29 December 1972, and construction work started in 1973–74.
• Physical construction work on the Delhi Metro started on 1 October 1998.

Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport is in West Bengal. It is India’s first private Greenfield airport located in the Durgapur-Andal region. The airport has been developed in collaboration with Changi International Airport, Singapore.

• Nagpur Airport, also known as Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar International Airport, serves Nagpur in Maharashtra state in India.
• It was named in 2005 after B. R. Ambedkar, Dr. "Babasaheb" Ambedkar, the chief architect of the Indian Constitution.

The Indian nationwide rail network, the fourth longest in the world, is owned and operated by state-owned Indian Railways and includes an operating route length of more than 65,000km.