Test: A Brief Account of Evolution & Origin and Evolution of Man (December 22) - NEET MCQ

(i) The skull of a baby chimpanzee is more like an adult human skull than an adult chimpanzee skull. This is true. The skulls of baby chimpanzees and humans are very similar in shape and size. As they grow, the skulls of chimpanzees begin to differentiate and become more distinct.

(ii) The first mammals were like shrews. This is also true. The earliest known mammals were small, shrew-like creatures that lived during the Mesozoic Era, around 200 million years ago.

(iii) The work of Thomas Malthus on populations influenced Lamarck. This is false. It was Charles Darwin, not Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, who was influenced by Thomas Malthus's work on population growth. Malthus's ideas on population growth and scarcity of resources influenced Darwin's theory of natural selection. Lamarck, on the other hand, proposed a different theory of evolution based on the inheritance of acquired characteristics.
Correct answer is C.

Homo erectus that appeared about 1.7 million years ago in middle pleistocence is the ancestor of fan.

The skull belongs to Homo erectus erectus, also known as Java man. Chin was absent whereas jaw prognathous. They were omnivorous. Cannibalism was also found.

Ramapithecus appeared about 15 million years ago in Pliocene epoch. Fossil of Ramapithecus was discovered by Edward Lewis (1932) from rocks of Shivalik Hills of India.

Homo erectus appeared about 1.7 million years ago in middle Pleistocene. Its brain capacity was about 900 c.c. He was about 1.5−1.8 m tall having erect posture. 

Australopithecus probably lived in East African grasslands about 2 million years ago. They hunted with stone weapons but essentially ate fruit. They were about 1.5m high and their brain capacity was about 500c.c. They had bipedal locomotion and erect posture.

The brain capacity gradually increased from early human ancestors. Homo habilis has 650−800c.c., brain capacity which increased around 900c.c., in Homo erectus The Neanderthal man had 1400c.c., brain capacity which evolved to around 1450c.c., in Homo sapiens sapiens.

In 1881, Donald johnson, found a 3.2 milion. Years old skeleton of a female human ancestor. He nicknamed it Lucky's scientific name is Australopitheucs afranensis.

Homo erectus appeared about 1.7 million years ago in middle Pleistocene. H.erectus evolved from Homo habillis that appeaed about 2 million years ago.

The cranial capacity of Neanderthal man was 1400c.c., Peking man had 850−1100c.c., Java ape man had 800−1000c.c. and African man had 500c.c.