Important Questions Test: Coal & Petroleum - Class 8 MCQ

Light gases are the lightest fraction obtained during the refining of petroleum. They are used in various industrial processes. The heavier fractions, which are less versatile, are typically used for:

• Asphalt: Commonly used for road surfacing due to its durability.
• Fuel oils: Utilised in heating and power generation.
• Lubricants: Essential for machinery and engines.
• Chemicals: Serve as raw materials for producing various petrochemicals.

These applications highlight the importance of both light and heavy fractions in the petroleum industry.

When natural gas is compressed to high pressure for storage and distribution, it is stored in hard cylindrical or spherical containers. These containers are designed to withstand the high pressure of the compressed gas. This form of natural gas is commonly known as Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), which is used for various purposes, including as a fuel for transport vehicles like buses, auto rickshaws, and delivery vans.

Natural gas is primarily composed of methane, which is the most prominent component in its composition. Methane is a colorless and odorless gas and is known for its clean-burning properties. When natural gas burns, it releases a significant amount of energy and causes very little air pollution compared to other fossil fuels. This makes methane a crucial component of natural gas and contributes to its reputation as a clean and safe energy source.

Combining multiple errands into one trip is a practical strategy to reduce the consumption of petrol and diesel as it helps minimize unnecessary travel and optimize routes. This approach not only conserves fuel but also contributes to reducing carbon emissions and overall environmental impact.

In addition to being a major fuel source for electricity generation, coal is also extensively used to produce steam for heating purposes. This application underscores the versatility of coal as a valuable resource across different industries where steam plays a crucial role in various heating applications.

The Petroleum Conservation Research Association (PCRA) of India offers valuable tips to help individuals save petrol and diesel while driving. Following these tips can not only help in reducing fuel consumption but also contribute to environmental conservation efforts.

Natural gas is utilized for various purposes, including cooking, running central heating and cooling systems, and drying clothes. It is an efficient and widely used energy source in households and industries for its clean burning properties and versatility. 
Energy Source in Manufacturing: Beyond its use as a feedstock, natural gas is a critical energy source for various manufacturing processes. It is used to power boilers, furnaces, and turbines, providing the necessary heat and power for a wide range of industrial activities. The benefits of using natural gas include its high efficiency, lower cost, and reduced environmental impact compared to other fossil fuels like coal and oil.