Important Questions (1 mark): Population - Class 9

Lakshadweep is the least populates union territory in India. It has population of just 64,473 which accounts the 0.01% of the total Indian population.

Explanation:
Introduction:
In this question, we are asked about the factors that contribute to a large proportion of children in a population. We need to select the correct option from the given choices A, B, C, and D.

To answer this question, let's analyze each option and its relationship with the proportion of children in a population.
Option A: High birth rate:
- A high birth rate means that more babies are being born in a population.
- This directly contributes to a larger proportion of children in the population.
- Therefore, option A is correct.
Option B: High death rate:
- A high death rate means that more people are dying in a population.
- This does not directly affect the proportion of children in the population.
- Therefore, option B is incorrect.
Option C: High life expectancies:
- High life expectancies mean that people are living longer in a population.
- While this may indirectly affect the proportion of children in the long term, it does not directly contribute to a large proportion of children.
- Therefore, option C is incorrect.
Option D: More married couples:
- The number of married couples does not directly determine the proportion of children in a population.
- Even if there are more married couples, it does not guarantee a higher birth rate or a larger proportion of children.
- Therefore, option D is incorrect.
Conclusion:
From the analysis above, we can conclude that a high birth rate is the main factor that contributes to a large proportion of children in a population. Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Sex Ratio:
Sex ratio refers to the number of females per thousand males in a given population. It is an important demographic indicator that measures the balance between the male and female population. The sex ratio is typically expressed as the number of females per thousand males.
Explanation:
The sex ratio is a crucial demographic indicator that provides insights into the distribution of males and females in a population. It is calculated by dividing the number of females by the number of males and multiplying it by 1000.
Key Points:
- Sex ratio is the number of females per thousand males.
- It helps in understanding the gender distribution in a population.
- A sex ratio of 1000 means an equal number of males and females in the population.
- A sex ratio below 1000 indicates a higher proportion of males, while a sex ratio above 1000 indicates a higher proportion of females.
- The sex ratio can vary across different regions, countries, and time periods due to various factors such as cultural preferences, migration patterns, and socio-economic factors.
- Sex ratio imbalances can have significant social and economic implications, including issues related to marriage markets, labor force participation, and social stability.
- Governments and organizations often monitor sex ratios to identify any gender imbalances and implement appropriate policies and interventions to address them.
In conclusion, sex ratio is a measure of the number of females per thousand males in a population, providing valuable insights into gender distribution and demographics.

Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories. Migration can be internal (within the country) or international (between the countries). Internal migration does not change the size of the population but influences the distribution of population within the nation. Migration plays a very significant role in changing the composition and distribution of a population.

The most significant feature of the Indian population is the size of its adolescent population. It constitutes one-fifth of the total population of India. Adolescents are generally grouped in the age-group of 10 to 19 years. They are the most important resource for the future.

Internal migration does not change the size of the population, but changes the distribution of population within the nation.

Answer:
Most Populous State of India: Uttar Pradesh
Explanation:
Population of India:
- India is the second most populous country in the world, with a population of over 1.3 billion people.
- The population of India is divided among its 28 states and 9 union territories.
Population of Uttar Pradesh:
- Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India.
- According to the 2011 Census of India, the population of Uttar Pradesh was approximately 199 million.
- It is estimated that the population has increased since then and is currently around 230 million.
- The state has a high population density, with an average of over 800 people per square kilometer.
Comparison with Other States:
- Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan are also large states in terms of area and population.
- However, Uttar Pradesh surpasses them all in terms of population.
- Maharashtra is the second most populous state in India, with a population of around 120 million.
- Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan have populations of approximately 73 million and 69 million respectively.
Conclusion:
- Based on the population data, Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India.
- Its large population makes it an important state in terms of politics, economy, and social development.

Sparse means disbursed populated or thinly populated. Due to rugged terrain and unfavorable climate make it difficult for habitants to survive.

The Great Demographic Divide in India
The year considered a great demographic divide in India is 1921. This marked a significant shift in the population dynamics of the country. Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Introduction
- The demographic divide refers to a significant change in the population composition and trends.
- In India, the great demographic divide occurred in the early 20th century.
2. The Census of India
- The Census of India is conducted every ten years to gather information about the population.
- The census data reveals important insights into the demographic trends and changes over time.
3. The Great Divide in 1921
- The year 1921 stands out as a crucial turning point in India's demographic history.
- It was during this census that a significant decline in the growth rate of population was observed.
- The population growth rate dropped from 13.2% (1901-1911) to 5.4% (1911-1921).
- This decline in population growth marked a departure from the previous consistent growth patterns.
4. Causes of the Demographic Divide
- The Great Divide of 1921 can be attributed to various factors:
- The impact of the devastating influenza pandemic of 1918-1919, which claimed millions of lives.
- The effects of the First World War (1914-1918) and the subsequent economic disruptions.
- The outbreak of famines and epidemics in different parts of the country.
5. Significance of the Great Divide
- The demographic divide of 1921 had far-reaching implications for India's population dynamics.
- It marked the beginning of a period of relatively slower population growth.
- This shift in population trends had implications for social, economic, and political aspects of the country.
- It shaped policies related to healthcare, education, and infrastructure planning.
In conclusion, the year 1921 is considered a great demographic divide in India. This marked a significant departure from the previous population growth patterns and had lasting implications for the country's development.

National Population Policy of India was formulated in the year 2000 with the long term objective of achieving a stable population by 2045, at a level consistent with the requirements of sustainable economic growth, social development, and environmental protection.

Main Cause for the High Growth of Population
The main cause for the high growth of our population is the decline of death rate.
Explanation:

• Rise in death rate: This option suggests that the increase in population is due to a higher death rate. However, this is not accurate as a rise in death rate would actually result in a decrease in population growth.


• Decrease in birth rate: This option suggests that the decrease in birth rate is the main cause for the high growth of population. However, a decrease in birth rate would actually lead to a decrease in population growth.


• Decline of death rate: This option correctly identifies the main cause for the high growth of population. A decline in death rate means that fewer people are dying, leading to a higher overall population growth.


• None of these: This option suggests that none of the given options are the main cause for the high growth of population. However, as explained above, the decline of death rate is indeed the main cause.

In conclusion, the decline of death rate is the main cause for the high growth of our population.

Age Composition:
- The number of people in different age groups is referred to as age composition.
- Age composition helps in understanding the distribution of population across different age brackets.
- It provides insights into the demographic structure of a population.
Importance of Age Composition:
- Age composition is an important demographic indicator that helps in understanding the social and economic characteristics of a population.
- It assists in planning and implementing policies related to healthcare, education, social security, and retirement.
- Age composition data is used by governments, researchers, and policymakers to analyze population trends and make informed decisions.
Methods for Determining Age Composition:
- Census: National censuses are conducted periodically to collect data on various demographic variables, including age composition.
- Surveys: Surveys can be conducted to collect age-related data from a sample population.
- Vital Statistics: Birth and death records can provide information on the age composition of a population.
- Administrative Data: Data from government agencies, such as social security records, can also be used to determine age composition.
Age Groups:
- Age groups may vary depending on the purpose of analysis or the specific demographic requirements.
- Commonly used age groups include 0-14 years (children), 15-24 years (youth), 25-64 years (working-age adults), and 65+ years (seniors).
Conclusion:
- Age composition provides valuable insights into the distribution and characteristics of a population across different age groups.
- It helps in understanding the demographic structure, planning policies, and making informed decisions related to various social and economic aspects.

Population Distribution in India
1. India is the second most populous country in the world, with a population of over 1.3 billion people.
2. The population of India is distributed among its various states and union territories.
3. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India, with a population of over 200 million people.
4. To determine the percentage of India's population residing in Uttar Pradesh, we need to calculate the proportion of Uttar Pradesh's population to the total population of India.
Calculating the Percentage
1. To calculate the percentage, we use the formula:
Percentage = (Part / Whole) * 100
2. In this case, the part is the population of Uttar Pradesh, and the whole is the total population of India.
3. According to the latest data, the population of Uttar Pradesh is approximately 200 million, while the total population of India is over 1.3 billion.
4. Now, let's calculate the percentage:
Percentage = (200 million / 1.3 billion) * 100
= (200,000,000 / 1,300,000,000) * 100
≈ 15.38
5. Therefore, the percentage of India's population residing in Uttar Pradesh is approximately 15.38%.
Answer
The correct answer is option B: 16.16 per cent.

The least populated state in the country is Sikkim with a population of 6,07,688.

As per information received from Office of Registrar General of India (RGI), the sex ratio of total population by residence has shown growth from 933 females per 1,000 males in 2001 to 943 females per 1,000 males in 2011.

The magnitude of population growth refers to the measure of how much a population is increasing or decreasing over a specific period of time. It is an important indicator to understand the dynamics of population change and its impact on various aspects of society and the environment.
The magnitude of population growth can be measured in different ways:
1. The number of persons added each year: This refers to the actual increase in the population size over a specific time period. It is calculated by subtracting the initial population from the final population.
2. The total population of an area: This refers to the overall size of the population in a given area at a particular point in time. It represents the sum of all individuals living in that area.
3. The rate at which the population increases: This refers to the speed or pace at which the population is growing. It is typically expressed as a percentage or a rate per unit of time, such as the annual population growth rate.
4. The number of females per thousand males: This is not directly related to the magnitude of population growth. It is a measure of sex ratio, which indicates the number of females per thousand males in a population.
In summary:
- The magnitude of population growth is a measure of the increase or decrease in population size.
- It can be measured by the number of persons added each year, the total population of an area, or the rate at which the population increases.
- The number of females per thousand males is not a measure of population growth but rather a measure of sex ratio.

Official Enumeration of Population for Census
The official enumeration of population for census is carried out every 10 years.
Reasoning:
- The census is conducted to gather data about the population, including demographic information such as age, gender, ethnicity, and housing characteristics.
- Conducting the census every 10 years allows for a comprehensive and accurate representation of the population at a given point in time.
- The data collected during the census is crucial for various purposes, including planning public services, allocating resources, and determining political representation.
- A 10-year interval allows for enough time to pass to observe changes in population size and characteristics.
- Conducting the census more frequently would be costly and may not yield significantly different results.
Therefore, the official enumeration of population for census is carried out every 10 years.

To measure the extent of equality between males and females in a society, an important social indicator to consider is the Sex Ratio. Here's a detailed explanation:
1. Sex Ratio:
- The sex ratio is the number of males per 100 females in a given population.
- It is an important indicator to measure gender equality as it reflects the balance between males and females in society.
- A balanced sex ratio (close to 100) indicates a more equal distribution of males and females, while an imbalanced sex ratio suggests a gender disparity.
- A higher sex ratio (more males) may indicate discrimination against females, such as female infanticide, sex-selective abortions, or unequal access to resources and opportunities.
- On the other hand, a lower sex ratio (more females) may indicate issues like high maternal mortality rates or lower life expectancy for males.
Other options provided in the question are not directly related to measuring gender equality:
2. Age Composition:
- Age composition refers to the distribution of different age groups in a population.
- While it can provide insights into the demographic structure of a society, it does not specifically indicate gender equality.
3. Literacy Rate:
- The literacy rate measures the percentage of the population that can read and write.
- While literacy is important for overall development, it does not solely reflect gender equality as it does not capture the distribution of literacy rates between males and females.
4. Death Rate:
- The death rate, also known as the mortality rate, measures the number of deaths in a population.
- While it can provide information about health conditions and access to healthcare, it does not directly measure gender equality.
Therefore, to measure the extent of equality between males and females in a society at a given time, the most important social indicator is the Sex Ratio.

The question asks us to identify which one of the following states is not one of the five populous states in India.
The five populous states in India are:
1. Maharashtra
2. Bihar
3. West Bengal
4. Uttar Pradesh
5. Madhya Pradesh
Among the given options, Arunachal Pradesh is not one of the five populous states in India.
Therefore, the correct answer is D: Arunachal Pradesh.

To determine which state has the least density of population as per the 2001 census, we need to compare the population density of the given states: West Bengal, Bihar, Arunachal Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh.
1. West Bengal:
- Population density: The population density of West Bengal in 2001 was 903 people per square kilometer.
2. Bihar:
- Population density: The population density of Bihar in 2001 was 880 people per square kilometer.
3. Arunachal Pradesh:
- Population density: The population density of Arunachal Pradesh in 2001 was 13 people per square kilometer.
4. Uttar Pradesh:
- Population density: The population density of Uttar Pradesh in 2001 was 690 people per square kilometer.
From the above values, we can observe that Arunachal Pradesh has the least density of population among the given states. The population density of Arunachal Pradesh in 2001 was significantly lower compared to West Bengal, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh.
Therefore, the answer is C: Arunachal Pradesh has the least density of population as per the 2001 census.

The following national socio-demographic goals were formulated to be achieved by 2010:

1. To address the unmet needs for basic reproduction (contraception), child health services, supplies and infrastructure (health personnel).

2. To make school education up to age 14 free and compulsory and reduce dropouts at primary and secondary school levels to below 20 per cent for both boys and girls.

3. To reduce infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1,000 live births.

4. To reduce maternal mortality rate to below 100 per 100,000 live births.

5. To achieve universal immunization of children against all vaccine preventable diseases.

6. To promote delayed marriages for girls, not earlier than age 18 and preferably after 20 years of age.

7. To achieve universal access to information/counseling, and services for fertility regulation and contraception with a wide basket of choices.

8. To achieve 80 per cent institutional deliveries and 100 per cent deliveries by trained persons.

The total area of Indian land man is around 3.28 million kmsq. This implies that the total areas of india accounts for about 2.4% of the total geographical area of the world. 

Rajasthan is the largest state in size, its population contributes to only 5.5% of the total population of India. This uneven distribution of the population is due to the varying population density of the country. Population density = the total number of people per unit of area. Also, population density is largely dependent on the geographical location and geological factors. Therefore, states like Assam, Himachal Pradesh, and other hilly terrains have a lower density of population. While the northern plains and coastal areas like Kerala, West Bengal, and Maharashtra have very high population density.

The state with the lowest population density is Arunachal Pradesh and the Union Territory with the lowest density of population is Andaman & Nicobar Islands. The Union Territory with the highest population density is Delhi.

Reasons for a large proportion of children in a population:
There are several factors that can contribute to a large proportion of children in a population. Among these factors, the most significant one is a high birth rate.
1. High birth rate:
- A high birth rate means that more babies are being born compared to the number of people dying or leaving the population.
- This can be influenced by various factors such as cultural norms, religious beliefs, and social attitudes towards family planning.
- In regions or countries where there is limited access to contraception or where there is a lack of awareness about family planning methods, the birth rate tends to be higher.
2. High life expectancies:
- Although it may seem counterintuitive, high life expectancies can also contribute to a large proportion of children in a population.
- When people have longer life expectancies, they tend to have children at a later age, resulting in a smaller proportion of older adults and a larger proportion of children in the population.
3. More married couples:
- In societies where there is a higher prevalence of marriage and early marriage, the likelihood of having children at a younger age is higher.
- This can lead to a larger proportion of children in the population.
4. High death rate:
- A high death rate, particularly among the adult population, can lead to a smaller proportion of older adults and a larger proportion of children in the population.
- This can occur in regions or countries with high mortality rates due to factors such as infectious diseases, lack of access to healthcare, or conflict.
In conclusion, while there can be various factors contributing to a large proportion of children in a population, the most significant one is a high birth rate. Other factors such as high life expectancies, more married couples, and high death rates can also play a role but to a lesser extent.

To determine the country that has a higher population density than India, we need to compare the population density of India with that of other countries. Population density is calculated by dividing the population of a country by its land area.
Here are the population densities of the given countries:
- China: The population density of China is higher than that of India. It has a population density of approximately 153 people per square kilometer.
- USA: The population density of the USA is lower than that of India. It has a population density of approximately 36 people per square kilometer.
- Britain: The population density of Britain is higher than that of India. It has a population density of approximately 272 people per square kilometer.
- Bangladesh: The population density of Bangladesh is higher than that of India. It has a population density of approximately 1,265 people per square kilometer.
Based on these comparisons, the country that has a higher population density than India is Bangladesh.

According to Census 2011, Kerala has the highest total literacy rate and female literacy rate.

Population of Indian states according to the 2001 Census:
According to the 2001 Census, the most populous state in India was Uttar Pradesh. Here is a breakdown of the population of the mentioned states:
A. Bihar:
- Bihar had a population of approximately 82,878,796 according to the 2001 Census.
B. Uttar Pradesh:
- Uttar Pradesh had the highest population among all Indian states in 2001.
- The population of Uttar Pradesh was approximately 166,197,921 according to the 2001 Census.
C. West Bengal:
- West Bengal had a population of approximately 80,176,197 according to the 2001 Census.
D. Madhya Pradesh:
- Madhya Pradesh had a population of approximately 60,348,023 according to the 2001 Census.
Therefore, the correct answer is Uttar Pradesh with a population of approximately 166,197,921 according to the 2001 Census.

Most Populous Country in the World: China
Explanation:
China is currently the most populous country in the world with a population of over 1.4 billion people. Here is a detailed explanation of why China is the most populous country:
1. Population Size:
China has the largest population in the world, surpassing both India and the United States. Its population size contributes significantly to its status as the most populous country.
2. Population Growth:
China has experienced rapid population growth over the years, although it has implemented strict population control measures such as the one-child policy. However, even with these measures, China's population has continued to grow steadily.
3. Urbanization:
China has witnessed a massive wave of urbanization, with millions of people moving from rural areas to cities in search of better employment opportunities and a higher standard of living. This urban migration has contributed to the overall population growth of the country.
4. Economic Development:
China's rapid economic development has led to improved healthcare, increased life expectancy, and a decline in infant mortality rates. These factors have contributed to the overall population growth and longevity of its citizens.
5. Cultural Factors:
China has a rich cultural heritage that places importance on family and encourages larger family sizes. This cultural aspect has also played a role in the country's high population.
In conclusion, China's large population size, steady population growth, urbanization, economic development, and cultural factors all contribute to its status as the most populous country in the world.

Rank of India among the population of different countries of the world:
- Answer: Second
Explanation:
- As of 2021, India is the second most populous country in the world.
- The current population of India is estimated to be around 1.3 billion.
- The first rank is held by China, with a population of over 1.4 billion.
- India's population growth rate has been steadily increasing over the years, and it is projected to surpass China's population in the near future.
- The population of India contributes significantly to the global population, with approximately 17% of the world's population residing in India.
- The large population of India presents both opportunities and challenges for the country in terms of economic development, healthcare, infrastructure, and resource management.
- The Indian government has implemented various policies and programs to address the needs of its growing population and promote sustainable development.
- It is important to note that population rankings can change over time due to factors such as birth rates, death rates, migration, and government policies.