Sociology: CUET Mock Test - 1 - CUET MCQ

Urban middle classes led the main campaign for freedom during colonialism.

Prior knowledge about society helps in understanding sociology more easily, as it reduces the learning curve, but it might also limit a broader perspective.

Sociology encourages self-reflection, teaching us to critically evaluate our own perspectives and biases, ensuring a more balanced understanding.

We acquire knowledge about society mainly through socialization, and learning from our environment, family, and social group.

Sociology encourages "unlearning" because prior knowledge often carries biases and is limited by personal perspectives, which can hinder a broader and more objective understanding of society.

Self-reflexivity in sociology means critically examining one’s own beliefs and values, and understanding how they influence our views of the world.

Sociology helps us see that individual problems are often connected to wider societal issues, providing a more comprehensive understanding.

The passage mentions feeling isolated or having trouble with family as personal problems that can be understood through the lens of social issues.

Unemployment is presented as a societal issue because it impacts large sections of society, not just individual lives.

Sociology provides a broader perspective by examining issues from various social viewpoints, offering a comprehensive view beyond individual experiences.

The passage mentions caste discrimination as a broader societal change affecting large groups of people.

Answer: A

Solution:

(A) Incorrect: Social movements include political, social, environmental, and cultural causes, not only political ones. For example, the environmental movement focuses on ecological issues.
(B) Incorrect: The Chipko Movement aimed to protect forests and local livelihoods (environmental and economic), while the Naxalite Movement seeks revolutionary change through armed struggle, primarily addressing land rights. Their approaches differ significantly (non-violent vs. violent), and their economic focus is not their primary similarity.
(C) Correct: Social movements are classified as reformist (e.g., women’s suffrage), redemptive (e.g., religious revival movements), or revolutionary (e.g., Bolshevik Revolution) based on their goals and approaches.
(D) Incorrect: Social movements often shift objectives over time, such as the Indian independence movement, which evolved from moderate reforms to demanding full independence.
(E) Correct: Social movements frequently use symbols, protests, and resistance, as exemplified by Gandhi’s Satyagraha movement, which employed non-violent protests like the Salt March.

(A) Incorrect: While many social movements emerge from grievances, not all have clear and identifiable grievances initially. Some movements grow as a response to broader societal issues.

(B) Correct: The theory of relative deprivation suggests that social conflict arises when a group feels that it is disadvantaged compared to others, leading to protest.

(C) Correct: The resource mobilisation theory posits that social movements succeed when they can effectively mobilise resources like leadership, organisation, and communication tools.

(D) Incorrect: The Naxalite Movement seeks revolutionary change through armed struggle, focusing on class-based land redistribution, while the Chipko Movement is a non-violent environmental effort to protect forests and local livelihoods. Their core issues differ significantly, despite both involving land tangentially.

(E) Incorrect: Not all social movements lead to immediate or complete changes in social norms and values, especially when faced with significant opposition.

Corporate culture is a management theory that enhances productivity and competitiveness by fostering a unique organizational culture, encouraging collaboration and commitment from all members of a firm.

During the Colonial Period, British policies of exploitation, unequal governance, and cultural imposition sparked nationalism, fostering a collective Indian consciousness against colonial rule.

Discrimination, exploitation, and oppressive policies of britishers gave birth to feeling of patriotism (nationalism) among Indians which directly prove to be the enemy for colonialism.

Wright Mills, an American Sociologist, gave his theory regarding social issues and differentiated topics of individual interest.

Malthus proved that population rises geometrically (i .e. like 2,4,8,16,32) where on the other hand food grains rise arithmetically (i .e. like 2,4,6,8,10)

• The dependent population typically includes groups that rely on others for economic support, often defined by age or social roles: elderly people (1) and children (2, part of “women & children”). Women are not universally considered dependent, but children are.
• Unemployed persons (3) may or may not be dependent, depending on context (e.g., savings or support), and are not typically classified as such in demographic terms. Artisans & rural people (4) are generally working populations, not dependent.
• The solution’s explanation is misleading, as labeling women as a “liability” is not standard and reflects outdated assumptions. The student correctly notes the criticism that dependency should be based on working status, not just age or gender.
• Thus, d) 1 & 2 (elderly people and children) is the most accurate based on standard demographic definitions.

He advocated ethical means to control Population like self control, marriages etc.

General elections were held in India between 16 and 20 March 1977 to elect the members of the 6th Lok Sabha. The elections took place during the Emergency period, which expired on 21 March 1977, shortly before the final results were announced.

The Bihar Movement was a political movement initiated by students in the Indian state of Bihar in 1974 and led by the veteran Gandhian socialist Jayaprakash Narayan, popularly known as JP, against misrule and corruption in the state government.

The election resulted in a heavy defeat for the Indian National Congress (INC), with the incumbent Prime Minister and INC party leader Indira Gandhi losing her seat in Rae Bareli. The call for restoration of democracy by revoking the Emergency is considered to be a major reason for the sweeping victory for the opposition Janata Alliance, [2] whose leader Morarji Desai was sworn in as the fourth Prime Minister of India on 24 March.

General elections were held in India between 16 and 20 March 1977 to elect the members of the 6th Lok Sabha. The elections took place during the Emergency period, which expired on 21 March 1977, shortly before the final results were announced.

Rail workers unions have reconstituted the National Coordination Committee of Railwaymen's Struggle (NCCRS), which led the historic railway strike in 1974, to lead protests against the handing over of key routes to private players, a statement from the All India Railwaymen's Federation has said.

Under British Colonial Rule, India was unified economically through railways and markets, politically through centralized governance, and administratively through a bureaucratic system, though at the cost of exploitation and loss of autonomy.

Colonialism is the process by which a powerful country exerts control over a weaker one, often exploiting its resources and people. In the 18th and 19th centuries, European powers colonized many weaker Eastern and African countries.

The 1921 census, known as the ‘demographic divide’ in India, showed a negative population growth rate due to high death rates from the 1918–1919 influenza epidemic, marking a turning point in demographic trends.

The 15–64 age range, known as the working-age population, enables India’s demographic dividend by providing a large labor force that can drive economic growth when dependency ratios are low.

India accounts for approximately 17.7% of the world’s population, with about 1.44 billion people out of a global total of around 8.1 billion.