Political Science: CUET Mock Test - 7 - CUET MCQ

The correct answer is June 1968.

Important Points

• The NPT is a landmark international treaty.
• Its objectives are
  • To prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology.
  • To promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.
  • To further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament.
• The Treaty represents the only binding commitment in a multilateral treaty to the goal of disarmament by the nuclear-weapon States.
• Opened for signature in 1968, the Treaty entered into force in 1970.
• On 11 May 1995, the Treaty was extended indefinitely.
• A total of 191 States have joined the Treaty, including the five nuclear-weapon States.

The correct answer is 16 December.

Key Points

• Vijay Diwas is observed every year on 16 December.
• The day celebrates India’s Operation Vijay's historic military victory against Pakistan in the 1971 war; which also liberated Bangladesh from Pakistan.
• The chief of the Pakistani forces, General Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi surrendered to the joint forces of Indian Army and Bangladesh's Mukti Bahini, along with 93,000 Pakistani troops.

Important Points

• Bangladesh commemorated its 50th independence day on March 26, 2021.
• Bangladesh was proclaimed as an independent nation by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and this led to Bangladesh Liberation War when a guerilla war ensued between Pakistan and Bangladesh liberation forces with Indian support.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Premier Zhou Enlai.

Key Points

• The Panchsheel, or Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, was first formally signed on April 28, 1954, between India and the Tibet region of China.
• The agreement was signed between then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and China's first Premier (Prime Minister) Chou En-Lai.
• The Panchsheel agreement was about mutual relations and trade between India and Tibet the territory of China.
• In April 1954, India, considering Tibet as part of China, entered into an agreement with China on the principle of 'Panchsheel'.
• The main points of the Panchsheel agreement were;
  • Peaceful co-existence
  • Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty
  • Mutual non-interference
  • Mutual non-aggression
  • Equality and mutual benefit
• The Panchsheel Pact had removed the tension between India and China up to a great extent.
• After these treaties, trade, and confidence-building between India and China had gained a lot of strength.

The Correct Answer is Option (2) i.e B -

• Tashkent Declaration was a peace agreement between India and Pakistan signed on 10th January 1966 to resolve the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965.
• The major signatories of the declaration were the then Prime Minister of India, Lal Bahadur Shastri, and Pakistan's President Muhammad Ayub Khan.
• The War of 1965 was over control of the resources and population of the State of Jammu and Kashmir.

The correct answer is Mumbai

Key Points

• The fourth meeting of the World Social Forum (WSF) was indeed held in Mumbai, India, in 2004.
• The WSF is an annual meeting designed to coordinate world campaigns, share and refine organizing strategies, and inform each other about movements around the world and their particular issues.
• The choice of Mumbai as the venue was significant because it represented a shift from the previous meetings, which were all held in Porto Alegre, Brazil.
• This move to Mumbai was seen as an effort to diversify the geographical representation within the forum and to bring more attention to issues facing the Global South.
  

The correct answer is Globalization

Key Points

• Globalization refers to the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
• It involves the intensification of cross-border movement of goods, services, ideas, and people.
• Due to advancements in transportation and communication technologies, globalization has accelerated, leading to an interconnected and interdependent world.

Additional InformationLiberalization: This term refers to the relaxation of government restrictions, usually in areas like trade and investment. While liberalization can be a part of the globalization process by facilitating international business activities, it is more specific to policy and regulatory changes rather than the broad process of increasing global interconnectedness.
Westernization: Westernization involves the adoption of western culture and norms in other parts of the world. It is a cultural phenomenon and does not encompass the comprehensive economic, social, and political aspects of globalization.
Modernization: Modernization is the transformation from a traditional, rural, agrarian society to a secular, urban, industrial society. It focuses more on internal development and the adoption of modern technologies and lifestyles rather than the global flow of goods, services, ideas, and people.

The correct answer is Nuetrality

Key Points

• Nuetrality is not a feature of Indian Foreign Policy.
• Neutrality implies not taking any side in international conflicts, which is different from India's approach.
• India has actively participated in international affairs, taking stances that align with its national interest and principles.

Additional InformationNon-Alignment: This is incorrect because Non-Alignment has been a cornerstone of Indian foreign policy since its independence. Initiated by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, the Non-Aligned Movement aimed at staying independent from the major Cold War powers (the US and the USSR) to focus on economic development and maintain sovereign decision-making.

Opposition to Military Alliances: This option is also incorrect as opposing military alliances has been a significant aspect of India's foreign policy, in line with its Non-Aligned Movement principles. India has historically refrained from entering into binding military alliances, preferring strategic partnerships that respect mutual interests without compromising sovereignty.

Panchsheel: The principles of Panchsheel, or the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, were formalized in the 1954 agreement between India and China. These principles include mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful co-existence. Panchsheel has been a guiding philosophy behind India's foreign policy, making this option incorrect.

The correct answer is 'Jawahar Lal Nehru'.

Key Points

• Jawahar Lal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India and also held the portfolio of the Foreign Minister during his tenure.
• As the architect of India's foreign policy, Nehru advocated for Non-Alignment, aiming to keep India away from the Cold War's polarizing influences.

Additional Information Maulana Azad served as the first Education Minister of independent India and was a prominent leader in the Indian independence movement but did not serve as the Foreign Minister.
Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel played a crucial role in India's struggle for independence and was the first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of India. He was instrumental in the integration of princely states into the Indian Union but did not serve as the Foreign Minister.
Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar was the first Law Minister of India and the principal architect of the Indian Constitution. He played a pivotal role in shaping India's legal framework but was not involved in foreign affairs as a minister.

The Correct Answer is UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)

Key Points

• The UNFCCC was established to address the problem of climate change and to help mitigate its effects.
• It provides a framework for international cooperation to combat climate change by limiting average global temperature increases and the resulting climate change, and coping with impacts that are unavoidable.
• Annual conferences known as Conferences of the Parties (COP) are held under the UNFCCC to assess progress in dealing with climate change and to negotiate agreements and commitments to tackle climate change.

Bretton Woods System

• The Bretton Woods system was set up by the US after the Second World War in 1944.


• It was established during a conference held in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, where representatives from 44 Allied nations came together to create a new international monetary system.


• The key figures involved in the establishment of the Bretton Woods system were John Maynard Keynes, a British economist, and Harry Dexter White, an American economist.


• The system was designed to promote international economic stability and prevent the competitive devaluations that contributed to the Great Depression of the 1930s.


• Under the Bretton Woods system, participating countries agreed to peg their currencies to the US dollar, which was fixed to gold at a rate of $35 per ounce.


• The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank were also established as part of the Bretton Woods system to provide financial assistance and promote economic development around the world.