Test: Concept of Metabolism, Metabolic Basis & The Living State - ACT MCQ

• Lipids that have both glycerol and fatty acids esterified together are called triglycerides.
• They are also known as fats and oils based on their melting point.

• Phospholipids are a class of lipids that contain phosphorous and are commonly found in cell membranes.
• Lecithin is an example of a phospholipid.

• Nitrogen bases such as adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, and thymine are components of nucleotides in nucleic acids like DNA and RNA when found attached to a sugar.
• These compounds are known as nucleosides.

DNA and RNA primarily function as genetic material and belong to the class of nucleic acids.

• Amino acids exhibit acid dissociation because their structure changes in solutions of different pH, primarily due to the ionizable nature of -NH₂ and -COOH groups.

• An amino acid having a chiral carbon, surrounded by an amino group, an acid group, a hydrogen atom and a hydroxymethyl group as the R group is serine.
• It is a polar amino acid due to its R group.

• Aromatic amino acids are amino acids in which the side-chain contains an aromatic ring.
• Tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine have aromatic rings in their side chains and are hence, aromatic. Methionine is not aromatic.

• N nucleoside consists of a nitrogenous base such as adenine, guanine, cytosine or thymine linked to a deoxyribose sugar.
• When a phosphate group is attached, it is known as a nucleotide.

The given amino acid has a hydroxy methyl group attached to the alpha carbon or chiral carbon.

• Hence, the amino acid is serine. Glycine is the simplest amino acid with its R group being an H atom.

• The given structure is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound known as a pyrimidine.
• It has two nitrogen atoms and four carbon atoms.
• The given pyrimidine is uracil which is found in RNA.