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Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - SAT MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test Reading and Writing for SAT - Cross Text Connections Test- 1

Cross Text Connections Test- 1 for SAT 2024 is part of Reading and Writing for SAT preparation. The Cross Text Connections Test- 1 questions and answers have been prepared according to the SAT exam syllabus.The Cross Text Connections Test- 1 MCQs are made for SAT 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Cross Text Connections Test- 1 below.
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Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 1

Text 1

What factors influence the abundance of species in a given ecological community? Some theorists have argued that historical diversity is a major driver of how diverse an ecological community eventually becomes: differences in community diversity across otherwise similar habitats, in this view, are strongly affected by the number of species living in those habitats at earlier times.

Text 2

In 2010, a group of researchers including biologist Carla Cáceres created artificial pools in a New York forest. They stocked some pools with a diverse mix of zooplankton species and others with a single zooplankton species and allowed the pool communities to develop naturally thereafter. Over the course of four years, Cáceres and colleagues periodically measured the species diversity of the pools, finding—contrary to their expectations—that by the end of the study there was little to no difference in the pools' species diversity.

Based on the texts, how would Cáceres and colleagues (Text 2) most likely describe the view of the theorists presented in Text 1?

Detailed Solution for Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 1

Let's start by summarizing each text in our own words.

Text 1: This passage presents the view of a group of "theorists" about ecological diversity. Specifically, the theorists claim that "historical diversity is a major driver of how diverse an ecological community eventually becomes." If we were to simplify and rephrase this claim, we might say that

More diversity early on means more diversity later.

Text 2: This passage presents the findings from a particular experiment. Scientists stocked a number of pools, giving some high species diversity and others low species diversity. After four years, they found ("contrary to their expectations") that the species diversity in all the pools to be the same. If we were to simplify and rephrase this finding, we might say that

Surprisingly, more diversity early on doesn't make a difference.

Now that we have brief summaries of each passage, we can see how those summaries relate to one another. Do they agree? Disagree?

In this case, our two texts are in disagreement. The claims of the theorists in Text 1 are not supported by the findings of the researchers in Text 2.

Let's take a look at the choices, and see which one matches the relationship we just described:

Choice D suggests that the theorists claim "holds true" in the researchers study. We found the exact opposite. We can eliminate this choice.

Choice B goes beyond what we learn about the researchers in Text 2. It suggests that they didn't like the theory in Text 1 even before they did their research. However, the text never tells us this; it simply reports on their experiment. We can eliminate this choice.

Choice A suggests that, despite their research findings, the scientists in Text 2 think that the theory in Text 1 is "largely correct". But the research findings directly oppose the theory, and it's never suggested in Text 2 that the researchers support the theory from Text 1. We can eliminate this choice.

Only choice C identifies the same disagreement that we identified in our summaries. While the theory from Text 1 sounds like it makes sense, the experiment in Text 2 showed a different result. Choice C is the answer.

Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 2

Text 1

Soy sauce, made from fermented soybeans, is noted for its umami flavor. Umami—one of the five basic tastes along with sweet, bitter, salty, and sour—was formally classified when its taste receptors were discovered in the 2000s. In 2007, to define the pure umami flavor scientists Rie Ishii and Michael O'Mahony used broths made from shiitake mushrooms and kombu seaweed, and two panels of Japanese and US judges closely agreed on a description of the taste.

Text 2

A 2022 experiment by Manon Jünger et al. led to a greater understanding of soy sauce's flavor profile. The team initially presented a mixture of compounds with low molecular weights to taste testers who found it was not as salty or bitter as real soy sauce. Further analysis of soy sauce identified proteins, including dipeptides, that enhanced umami flavor and also contributed to saltiness. The team then made a mix of 50 chemical compounds that re-created soy sauce's flavor.

Based on the texts, if Ishii and O'Mahony (Text 1) and Jünger et al. (Text 2) were aware of the findings of both experiments, they would most likely agree with which statement?

Detailed Solution for Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 2

Choice A. This is the best choice. Ishii and O'Mahony were trying to isolate the pure umami flavor, while Jünger was trying to recreate soy sauce, which has a mix of flavors that includes umami. Accordingly, the broths from Text 1 are not described as having any soy sauce in them—just "shiitake mushrooms and kombu seaweed". So they probably don't have as much of the dipeptides described in Text 2, which were found to be a key part of soy sauce's umami-ness and its saltiness.

Choice B. Neither text supports this. Neither text gets into the diets of people in the United States, nor the diets of people in Japan.

Choice C. Neither text supports this. Text 2 does talk about the molecular weights of chemical compounds, but there isn't enough information provided about molecular weights in Text 1 to make an inference about what the scientists in Text 1 would say.

Choice D. Neither text supports this. Text 1 briefly mentions that soy sauce is "made from fermented soybeans", but it never claims that fermentation is responsible for its flavor in any way. And Text 2 never mentions fermentation at all.

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Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 3

Text 1

Although food writing is one of the most widely read genres in the United States, literary scholars have long neglected it. And within this genre, cookbooks attract the least scholarly attention of all, regardless of how well written they may be. This is especially true of works dedicated to regional US cuisines, whose complexity and historical significance are often overlooked.

Text 2

With her 1976 cookbook The Taste of Country Cooking, Edna Lewis popularized the refined Southern cooking she had grown up with in Freetown, an all-Black community in Virginia. She also set a new standard for cookbook writing: the recipes and memoir passages interspersing them are written in prose more elegant than that of most novels. Yet despite its inarguable value as a piece of writing, Lewis's masterpiece has received almost no attention from literary scholars.

Based on the two texts, how would the author of Text 1 most likely regard the situation presented in the underlined sentence in Text 2?

Detailed Solution for Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 3

Choice A. We can't infer that this is how Author 1 would regard the situation. Text 1 never suggests that scholars are dismissive of popular works in general. Instead, Text 1 says that scholars ignore food writing specifically, despite its popularity—and despite the fact that it can be historically significant and complex.

Choice B. This is the best choice. Text 1 states that literary scholars ignore regional cookbooks most of all, even when they have historical significance and are well written. So Author 1 wouldn't be surprised that scholars ignored Edna Lewis's cookbook.

Choice C. We can't infer that this is how Author 1 would regard the situation. Text 1 never suggests that elements of other genres should be kept out of cookbooks.

Choice D. We can't infer that this is how Author 1 would regard the situation. Text 1 never discusses how food writing is or should be marketed.

Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 4

Text 1

Today the starchy root cassava is found in many dishes across West Africa, but its rise to popularity was slow. Portuguese traders brought cassava from Brazil to the West African coast in the 1500s. But at this time, people living in the capitals further inland had little contact with coastal communities. Thus, cassava remained relatively unknown to most of the region's inhabitants until the 1800s.

Text 2

Cassava's slow adoption into the diet of West Africans is mainly due to the nature of the crop itself. If not cooked properly, cassava can be toxic. Knowledge of how to properly prepare cassava needed to spread before the food could grow in popularity. The arrival of formerly enslaved people from Brazil in the 1800s, who brought their knowledge of cassava and its preparation with them, thus directly fueled the spread of this crop.

Based on the texts, the author of Text 1 and the author of Text 2 would most likely agree with which statement?

Detailed Solution for Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 4

Choice A. This isn't something that either text claims. Neither text mentions the "climate of the West African coast", so we have no evidence that either author would agree with this.

Choice B. This isn't something that either text claims. Cassava is the only crop discussed in the passages, so we have no basis to draw conclusions about what the authors might say about "several" crops.

Choice C. This isn't something that either text claims. The 1500s were when cassava was brought to West Africa, but neither text describes how cassava is cooked, nor do they make any claims about when cooking methods were developed.

Choice D. This is the best choice. Text 1 states that cassava's "rise to popularity was slow" in West Africa. Text 2 also describes cassava's "slow adoption into the diet of West Africans". While the two texts identify different causes for this slow adoption, both agree that cassava took a long time to catch on.

Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 5

Text 1

The idea that time moves in only one direction is instinctively understood, yet it puzzles physicists. According to the second law of thermodynamics, at a macroscopic level some processes of heat transfer are irreversible due to the production of entropy—after a transfer we cannot rewind time and place molecules back exactly where they were before, just as we cannot unbreak dropped eggs. But laws of physics at a microscopic or quantum level hold that those processes should be reversible.

Text 2

In 2015, physicists Tiago Batalhão et al. performed an experiment in which they confirmed the irreversibility of thermodynamic processes at a quantum level, producing entropy by applying a rapidly oscillating magnetic field to a system of carbon-13 atoms in liquid chloroform. But the experiment "does not pinpoint ... what causes [irreversibility] at the microscopic level," coauthor Mauro Paternostro said.

Based on the texts, what would the author of Text 1 most likely say about the experiment described in Text 2?

Detailed Solution for Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 5

Choice A. This is the opposite of what the experiment suggests. The experiment confirmed that the macroscopic-level law ("these things can't be reversed—like time") was still true on the microscopic level—meaning it supports the current understanding of physics at a macroscopic level.

Choice B. This is the best choice. Author 1 describes the puzzle that physicists still can't solve: at a microscopic level, the "laws of physics" suggest that we should be able to reverse processes that are not reversible at a macroscopic level (and, maybe, turn back time!). The experiment confirmed that those processes are not reversible even on the microscopic level, but it didn't explain why. This supports Author 1's point that physicists still don't fully understand how things work at a microscopic level—maybe the laws need to be revised!

Choice C. We can't infer that Author 1 would respond this way to the experiment. Neither text makes this distinction between laboratory findings and the way the universe works in general.

Choice D. We can't infer that Author 1 would respond this way to the experiment. Text 2 does name two of the physicists involved in the experiment, but it never suggests that they disagree on anything.

Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 6

Text 1

In 2021, a team led by Amir Siraj hypothesized that the Chicxulub impactor—the object that struck the Yucatán Peninsula sixty-six million years ago, precipitating the mass extinction of the dinosaurs—was likely a member of the class of long-period comets. As evidence, Siraj cited the carbonaceous chondritic composition of samples from the Chicxulub impact crater as well as of samples obtained from long-period comet Wild 2 in 2006.

Text 2

Although long-period comets contain carbonaceous chondrites, asteroids are similarly rich in these materials. Furthermore, some asteroids are rich in iridium, as Natalia Artemieva points out, whereas long-period comets are not. Given the prevalence of iridium at the crater and, more broadly, in geological layers deposited worldwide following the impact, Artemieva argues that an asteroid is a more plausible candidate for the Chicxulub impactor.

Based on the texts, how would Artemieva likely respond to Siraj's hypothesis, as presented in Text 1?

Detailed Solution for Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 6

Choice A. We can't infer that this is how Artemieva would respond to Siraj's hypothesis. Text 2 never discusses whether Wild 2 is representative of long-period comets in general. Rather, Text 2 presents Artemieva's argument that the Chicxulub impactor was an asteroid, not a long-term comet.

Choice B. This is the best choice. Siraj's hypothesis is that the Chicxulub impactor was a long-period comet. But Artemieva points to the iridium found in the crater and in "geological layers that were deposited worldwide after the impact" as evidence that it was actually an asteroid, not a long-period comet.

Choice C. We can't infer that this is how Artemieva would respond to Siraj's hypothesis. Siraj's hypothesis doesn't make this connection: rather, Siraj hypothesizes that the Chicxulub impactor was a long-term comet.

Choice D. We can't infer that this is how Artemieva would respond to Siraj's hypothesis. "Soil samples from sites distant from the Chicxulub crater" is too vague. Only soil samples from sites that are connected to the impact in some way are involved in either hypothesis.

Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 7

Revisit the texts and your chosen answer. Identify any new information that supports or contradicts your choice. Justify why this information impacts (or does not impact) the validity of your selection.

When double-checking, what should you focus on?

Detailed Solution for Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 7

Option A, because it's crucial to ensure that your final choice is in harmony with the central themes and explicit content of both texts, rather than forcing incorrect options to seem viable or disregarding key details.

Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 8

Explain why your chosen answer is the best match, citing specific phrases or concepts from the texts that align with your choice. Justify how these elements corroborate your selection.

Why is option C ("It appears reasonable but is contradicted by the outcomes of the study.") the best match?

Detailed Solution for Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 8

Option A is correct because it encapsulates the contradiction between Green and Park's initial expectations (based on the theory) and their actual findings.

Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 9

Considering both texts, describe in a sentence how Text 2 relates to the theory presented in Text 1. Justify your answer by explaining how the elements from both texts support your statement.

What relationship between the two texts is evident?

Detailed Solution for Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 9

Option A is correct because Text 2 describes research that, contrary to the researchers' expectations (which were based on the theory from Text 1), found minimal differences in current wealth between countries with different historical economic stabilities.

Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 10

Summarize the main argument in the first text and justify why your summary accurately encapsulates the key points.

What is the main premise in Text 1?

Detailed Solution for Cross Text Connections Test- 1 - Question 10

Option B is correct because Text 1 discusses a theory that emphasizes the influence of a country's historical economic stability on its current economic health, which isn't related to randomness (A) or solely leadership (C).

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