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Test: Craft and Structure - SAT MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test Reading and Writing for SAT - Test: Craft and Structure

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Test: Craft and Structure - Question 1

One problem is that sunspots themselves are so poorly understood. Observations have revealed that the swirly smudge represent areas of intense magnetic activity where sun's radiative energy has been blocked, and that they are considerably cooler than bright regions of the sun. Scientists have not been able, however, to determine just how sunspots are created or what effect they have on the solar constant (a misnomer that refers to the sun's total radiance at any instant).

As used in the passage, the ter m solar constant (line 9) refers to:

Detailed Solution for Test: Craft and Structure - Question 1

The correct answer is B.

In the passage, the term "solar constant" is described as a misnomer that refers to the sun's total radiance at any instant. This indicates that the solar constant refers to the total radiance or brightness of the sun, not magnetic activity, surface temperature, or wind direction. Therefore, option B, "the sun's total radiance," is the most accurate interpretation of the term as used in the passage.

Test: Craft and Structure - Question 2

The following text is adapted from Indian Boyhood, a 1902 memoir by Ohiyesa (Charles A. Eastman), a Santee Dakota writer. In the text, Ohiyesa recalls how the women in his tribe harvested maple syrup during his childhood.

Now the women began to test the trees—moving leisurely among them, axe in hand, and striking a single quick blow, to see if the sap would appear. The trees, like people, have their individual characters; some were ready to yield up their life- blood, while others were more reluctant. Now one of the birchen basins was set under each tree, and a hardwood chip driven deep into the cut which the axe had made. From the corners of this chip—at first drop by drop, then more freely—the sap trickled into the little dishes.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

Detailed Solution for Test: Craft and Structure - Question 2

The correct answer is D.

The underlined sentence serves to elaborate on an aspect of the maple trees that the women evaluate, specifically their readiness to yield sap. It describes the individual characteristics of the trees, portraying them as akin to people with varying dispositions. This detail adds depth to the narrative by highlighting the interaction between the women and the natural environment they are harvesting from. Therefore, option D, "It elaborates on an aspect of the maple trees that the women evaluate," best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole.

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Test: Craft and Structure - Question 3

The following text is adapted from Gwendolyn Bennett's 1926 poem "Street Lamps in Early Spring."

Night wears a garment
All velvet soft, all violet blue...
And over her face she draws a veil
As shimmering fine as floating dew…
And here and there
In the black of her hair
The subtle hands of Night
Move slowly with their gem-starred light.

Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?

Detailed Solution for Test: Craft and Structure - Question 3

The correct answer is C.

The overall structure of the text involves making an extended comparison of night to a human being. Throughout the poem, the speaker personifies night, describing it as wearing a garment, drawing a veil over its face, and having subtle hands that move with gem-starred light. This extended comparison suggests that night possesses human-like qualities and characteristics, creating a vivid and evocative image. Therefore, option C, "It makes an extended comparison of night to a human being," best describes the overall structure of the text.

Test: Craft and Structure - Question 4

The text is from Anatole France's 1912 novel The Gods Will Have Blood.

Those who make a trade out of foretelling the future rarely grow rich. Their attempts to deceive are too easily found out and arouse detestation. And yet it would be necessary to detest them much, much more if they foretold the future correctly. For a man's life would become intolerable, if he knew what was going to happen to him. He would be made aware of future evils, and would suffer their agonies in advance, while he would get no joy of present blessings since he would know how they would end. Ignorance is the necessary condition of human happiness, and it must be admitted that on the whole mankind observes that condition well. We are almost entirely ignorant of ourselves, absolutely of others. In ignorance, we find our bliss, in illusions, our happiness.

The main idea conveyed in the above monologue can best be summarized as

Detailed Solution for Test: Craft and Structure - Question 4

The main idea conveyed in the monologue is that ignorance and illusions bring happiness. Therefore, the best summary would be:

C. Focus on the moment.

This encapsulates the notion that ignorance of the future and illusions about ourselves and others contribute to our happiness by allowing us to focus on the present without the burden of knowing what may come.

Test: Craft and Structure - Question 5

In 2014, Amelia Quon and her team at NASA set out to build a helicopter capable of flying on Mars. Because Mars's atmosphere is only one percent as dense as Earth's, the air of Mars would not provide enough resistance to the rotating blades of a standard helicopter for the aircraft to stay aloft. For five years, Quon's team tested designs in a lab that mimicked Mars's atmospheric conditions. The craft the team ultimately designed can fly on Mars because its blades are longer and rotate faster than those of a helicopter of the same size built for Earth.

According to the text, why would a helicopter built for Earth be unable to fly on Mars?

Detailed Solution for Test: Craft and Structure - Question 5

The correct answer is A.

According to the text, a helicopter built for Earth would be unable to fly on Mars because Mars's atmosphere is only one percent as dense as Earth's. This difference in atmospheric conditions means that the air on Mars would not provide enough resistance to the rotating blades of a standard helicopter for the aircraft to stay aloft. Therefore, option A, "Because Mars and Earth have different atmospheric conditions," accurately summarizes the reason why a helicopter built for Earth would not work on Mars.

Test: Craft and Structure - Question 6

The first passage is excerpted from Out or Doors—California and Oregon. by J. A. Graves; the second At the Earth's Core, a work of fiction by Edgar Rice Burroughs.

Passage 1

In the pasture were swales of damp land. literally overgrown with wild blackberry bushes. They bore prolific crops of long, black, juicy berries, far superior to the tame berries, and they were almost entirely free from seeds. Many a time have I temporarily bankrupted my stomach on hot blackberry roll, with good, rich sauce. The country fairly teemed with game. Quail and rabbit were with us all the time. Doves came by the thousands in the early summer and departed in the fall. In winter the wild ducks and geese were more than abundant. In the spring wild pigeons visited us in great numbers. There was one old oak tree which was a favourite resting-place with them. Sheltered by some live oak bushes. I was always enabled to sneak up and kill many of them out of this tree.

Passage 2

We must have travelled several miles through the dark and dismal wood when we came suddenly upon a dense village built high among the branches of the trees. As we approached it my escort broke into wild shouting which was immediately answered from within, and a moment later a swarm of creatures of the same strange race as those who had captured me poured out to meet us. Again I was the centre of a wildly chattering horde. I was pulled this way and that. Pinched, pounded, and thumped until I was black and blue. yet I do not think that their treatment was dictated by either cruelty or malice—I was a curiosity. a freak. a new plaything. and their childish minds required the added evidence of all their senses to back up the testimony of their eyes.

Which most accurately describes the sentiments that the Passage 1 author has toward the words "old oak tree" and "oak bushes" with respect to the sentiments that the Passage 2 author has toward the word "wood"?

Detailed Solution for Test: Craft and Structure - Question 6

The correct answer is C.

In Passage 1, the author expresses a sense of comfort and cover associated with the old oak tree and oak bushes, as they provide a favourite resting place and shelter for hunting wild pigeons. This sentiment reflects a positive connection to the natural elements.

In Passage 2, the author conveys a sense of foreboding and gloom associated with the word "wood," describing it as dark and dismal. This sentiment suggests a feeling of apprehension or discomfort in the environment.

Therefore, option C, "Passage 1 author feels a sense of comfort and cover; Passage 2 author, of foreboding and gloom," most accurately describes the sentiments that the authors have toward the natural elements mentioned in their respective passages.

Test: Craft and Structure - Question 7

This paragraph, taken from a letter the author writes to her sister, is from Mary Shelley's science fiction novel, Frankenstein.

Will you smile at the enthusiasm I express concerning this divine wanderer? You would not if you saw him. You have been tutored and refined by books and retirement from the world, and you are therefore somewhat fastidious; but this only renders you the more fit to appreciate the extraordinary merits of this wonderful man. Sometimes I have endeavored to discover what quality it is which he possesses that elevates him so immeasurably above any other person I ever knew. I believe it to be an intuitive discernment, a quick but never-failing power of judgment, a penetration into the causes of things, unequaled for clearness and precision; add to this a facility of expression and a voice whose varied intonations are soul-subduing music.

The sentences underlined suggest that which of the following pairs of qualities are most admired about the word "divine wanderer" first mentioned?

Detailed Solution for Test: Craft and Structure - Question 7

The correct answer is C.

The underlined sentences suggest that the author admires the "divine wanderer" for their intuitive discernment, quick but never-failing power of judgment, penetration into the causes of things, unequaled clearness and precision, facility of expression, and soul-subduing music in their voice. These qualities point to perspicacity (clearness of insight or understanding) and eloquence (the ability to speak or write fluently and persuasively). Therefore, option C, "perspicacity and eloquence," best describes the qualities admired about the "divine wanderer" in the passage.

Test: Craft and Structure - Question 8

Astronomers are confident that the star Betelgeuse will eventually consume all the helium in its core and explode in a supernova. They are much less confident, however, about when this will happen, since that depends on internal characteristics of Betelgeuse that are largely unknown. Astrophysicist Sarafina El- Badry Nance and colleagues recently investigated whether acoustic waves in the star could be used to determine internal stellar states but concluded that this method could not sufficiently reveal Betelgeuse's internal characteristics to allow its evolutionary state to be firmly fixed.

Which choice best describes the function of the second sentence in the overall structure of the text?

Detailed Solution for Test: Craft and Structure - Question 8

The correct answer is C.

The function of the second sentence in the overall structure of the text is to identify the problem that Nance and colleagues attempted to solve but did not. The sentence introduces the main focus of Nance and colleagues' investigation, which was to determine whether acoustic waves in Betelgeuse could be used to determine its internal characteristics. However, the sentence also reveals that the method they investigated could not sufficiently reveal Betelgeuse's internal characteristics, thus indicating that the attempted solution did not achieve the desired outcome. Therefore, option C, "It identifies the problem that Nance and colleagues attempted to solve but did not," best describes the function of the second sentence in the overall structure of the text.

Test: Craft and Structure - Question 9

Text 1

Conventional wisdom long held that human social systems evolved in stages, beginning with hunter-gatherers forming small bands of members with roughly equal status. The shift to agriculture about 12,000 years ago sparked population growth that led to the emergence of groups with hierarchical structures: associations of clans first, then chiefdoms, and finally, bureaucratic states.

Text 2

In a 2021 book, anthropologist David Graeber and archaeologist David Wengrow maintain that humans have always been socially flexible, alternately forming systems based on hierarchy and collective ones with decentralized leadership. The authors point to evidence that as far back as 50,000 years ago some hunter- gatherers adjusted their social structures seasonally, at times dispersing in small groups but also assembling into communities that included esteemed individuals.

Based on the texts, how would Graeber and Wengrow (Text 2) most likely respond to the "conventional wisdom" presented in Text 1?

Detailed Solution for Test: Craft and Structure - Question 9

The most likely response from Graeber and Wengrow (Text 2) to the "conventional wisdom" presented in Text 1 would be:

B. By disputing the idea that developments in social structures have followed a linear progression through distinct stages.

This response aligns with the assertion made by Graeber and Wengrow that humans have always been socially flexible, forming systems based on both hierarchy and collective decentralized leadership. They likely challenge the linear progression suggested by the conventional wisdom presented in Text 1, arguing instead for a more nuanced understanding of social evolution. Therefore, option B is the most appropriate response based on the information provided in the texts.

Test: Craft and Structure - Question 10

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

· In the late 1890s, over 14,000 unique varieties of apples were grown in the US.
· The rise of industrial agriculture in the mid-1900s narrowed the range of commercially grown crops.
· Thousands of apple varieties considered less suitable for commercial growth were lost.
· Today, only 15 apple varieties dominate the market, making up 90% of apples purchased in the US.
· The Lost Apple Project, based in Washington State, attempts to find and grow lost apple varieties

The student wants to emphasize the decline in uniq ue apple varieties in the US and specify why this decline occurred. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish these goals?

Detailed Solution for Test: Craft and Structure - Question 10

The most effective choice that emphasizes the decline in unique apple varieties in the US and specifies why this decline occurred is:

C. Since the rise of industrial agriculture, US farmers have mainly grown the same few unique apple varieties, resulting in the loss of thousands of varieties less suitable for commercial growth.

This choice accurately highlights the decline in apple varieties and specifies that it occurred due to the rise of industrial agriculture, which led farmers to mainly grow a few commercially viable varieties, resulting in the loss of thousands of other varieties. It effectively combines relevant information from the notes to address both aspects of the student's goals.

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