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Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - GMAT MCQ


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23 Questions MCQ Test Practice Questions for GMAT - Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2

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Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 1

Which one of the following most accurately states the main point of the passage?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 1

The passage primarily discusses the pronghorn's exceptional speed and the hypothesis that this speed evolved as an adaptation to evade predators that have been extinct for thousands of years. It then provides evidence and examples supporting the concept of relict behavior, including observations of other animals. Therefore, option (A) accurately captures the main point of the passage.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 2

Based on the passage, the term “principal component” (line 21) most clearly refers to which one of the following?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 2

 The term "principal component" in line 21 refers to the crucial factor that is missing, making it difficult to test hypotheses about relict behaviors. In this context, the "principal component" is the environmental conditions (such as the presence of now-extinct predators) that originally led to the development of the behavior. Thus, option (D) is the most appropriate answer.

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Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 3

The last paragraph most strongly supports which one of the following statements?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 3

The last paragraph provides examples of animals that exhibit relict behaviors long after the environmental conditions that originally prompted those behaviors have disappeared. However, it also mentions that such behaviors do not persist indefinitely, as evidenced by the Arctic ground squirrels that no longer recognize the threat of rattlesnakes after being free of them for about 3 million years. This supports the idea that behaviors adapted to certain conditions may eventually disappear if those conditions no longer exist. Therefore, option (C) is correct.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 4

Which one of the following describes a benefit mentioned in the passage that grazing animals derive from roaming in herds?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 4

Lines 29–34 describe the herding behavior, and the only benefits cited are that it “allows more eyes to watch for predators and diminishes the chances of any particular animal being attacked.” The latter is correct choice (D). Although herding might plausibly intimidate predators (A), protect the young (B), render sustenance easier to find (C), and shelter the defenseless in the herd’s midst (E), none of those factors is ever mentioned.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 5

Consider the main points that the author makes throughout the passage. The primary purpose of this passage is to:

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 5

The passage explores various viewpoints on the involvement of physicians in capital punishment and euthanasia. It presents arguments for and against physician participation, discusses the idea of "designated killers," and examines the ethical implications of these practices. The author aims to present a balanced view of the different arguments rather than promoting a single perspective, making Option C the most accurate choice.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 6

According to the passage, which of the following is most likely to be true of those physicians who favour the creation of so-called ―designated killers? 

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 6

The passage mentions that some physicians favor the idea of designated killer technicians to keep themselves "free from the taint of killing, keeping their image pure and their hands clean." This indicates that these physicians prefer to maintain a distance from the act of killing, supporting Option B.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 7

According not necessarily to the author, but to those in favour of euthanasia specifically, what is a potentially negative aspect of the use of ―designated killers?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 7

Those in favor of euthanasia but against the use of designated killers may argue that this approach disrupts the continuity of patient care, as the physician-patient relationship is crucial in end-of-life care. This perspective aligns with Option A.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 8

The reader can conclude that a basic assumption of those in favour of using ―designated killers is that: A. the practice would evolve into a readily available medical option. B. very few physicians could be convinced to assume the role and duties. C. physicians would have to be present with the patient in order to conduct euthanasi

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 8

The passage implies that those in favor of designated killers assume that most physicians are reluctant to personally administer euthanasia due to ethical conflicts. By creating a separate role for designated killers, they acknowledge that very few physicians would take on the task themselves. Therefore, Option B is the best answer.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 9

The author provides specific information to answer which of the following questions?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 9

The passage mentions that "the timing of reproduction is crucial to the short-lived vole in an environment in which the onset of vegetative growth may be considerably delayed." This explains why the timing of reproductive efforts is important for voles, making Option B correct.
Option A: The passage does discuss other factors affecting rodent population size (like phytochemicals), but it doesn't provide a comprehensive answer to this question.
Option C: The passage does not address whether phytochemical reactions are unique to northern environments.
Option D: The passage mentions that 6-MBOA stimulates reproductive behavior but does not detail the mechanism of how it triggers this activity.
Option E: The passage states that the hare population swells every ten years but does not explain why this occurs.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 10

The passage describes the effect of 6-MBOA on voles as a “significant biological adaptation” because it:

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 10

The passage states that the formation of 6-MBOA in young grass in response to vole browsing triggers reproductive behavior in voles. This adaptation is significant because it allows the voles to time their reproduction with the availability of food resources, thus supporting their survival during periods when food supply might fluctuate.
Option A: The passage does not indicate that 6-MBOA limits reproductive behavior in times of food scarcity.
Option B: There's no information about 6-MBOA prompting the voles to seek new food sources.
Option D: The passage does not mention the effect of 6-MBOA on the number of offspring in individual litters.
Option E: The passage does not discuss territorial competition among voles in relation to 6-MBOA.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 11

Which of the following statements can be inferred about plant shoots containing large amounts of terpene and phenolic resins?
I. They serve as a form of natural defense.
II. Their growth is stimulated by increases in the hare population.
III. They are unappetizing to hares.

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 11

The passage describes that trees produce young shoots high in terpene and phenolic resins, which discourage hare browsing, indicating these resins serve as a natural defense (I) and are unappetizing to hares (III).
Option I: This is supported by the passage since it mentions that the production of resins discourages hare browsing.
Option II: The passage does not explicitly state that the growth of resinous shoots is stimulated by increases in the hare population, although it implies that trees develop these defenses in response to overbrowsing. However, without explicit information, this cannot be inferred with certainty.
Option III: This is supported by the passage, as it mentions that hare samples with resins were untouched, indicating they are unappetizing to hares.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option D, which includes statements I and III only.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 12

Which one of the following, if true, would most weaken the position that the passage attributes to critics of the New Urbanists?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 12

Critics of New Urbanists argue that people migrate to suburbs to enjoy the mobility and lifestyle enabled by the automobile. If it is true that people live in sprawling suburbs because housing in more accessible neighborhoods is more expensive, it implies that economic factors, not just lifestyle preferences, drive suburban living. This weakens the critics' position by showing that the choice to live in suburbs is influenced by affordability rather than a pure preference for automobile-dependent living.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 13

The passage most strongly suggests that which one of the following would occur if new housing subdivisions in suburban communities were built in accordance with the recommendations of Duany and his colleagues?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 13

Duany and his colleagues advocate for suburban communities with mixed housing and amenities within walking distance, such as grocery stores and schools. If their recommendations were implemented, there would likely be more local amenities available in suburban areas, leading to an increase in the per capita number of these facilities.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 14

The second paragraph most strongly supports the inference that the New Urbanists make which one of the following assumptions?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 14

The second paragraph criticizes suburban housing subdivisions for economic segregation and implies that economic diversity is preferable. This suggests that New Urbanists assume people living in economically uniform suburbs could afford more diverse neighborhoods. Therefore, they assume that most people who buy houses in sprawling suburbs do not pay drastically less than they can afford, supporting Option A.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 15

Read the passage and answer the question given below.

Is it possible to decrease inflation without causing a recession and its concomitant increase in unemployment? The orthodox answer is “no.” whether they support the “inertia” theory of inflation (that today’s inflation rate is caused by yesterday’s inflation, the state of the economic cycle, and external influences such as import prices) or the “rational expectations” theory (that inflation is caused by workers’ and employers’ expectations, coupled with a lack of credible monetary and fiscal policies), most economists agree that tight monetary and fiscal policies, which cause recessions, are necessary to decelerate inflation. They point out that in the 1980’s, many European countries and the United States conquered high (by these countries’ standards) inflation, but only by applying tight monetary and fiscal policies that sharply increased unemployment. Nevertheless, some governments’ policymakers insist that direct controls on wages and prices, without tight monetary and fiscal policies, can succeed in decreasing inflation. Unfortunately, because this approach fails to deal with the underlying causes of inflation, wage and price controls eventually collapse, the hitherto-repressed inflation resurfaces, and in the meantime, though the policymakers succeed in avoiding a recession, a frozen structure of relative prices imposes distortions that do damage to the economy’s prospects for long-term growth.

Q. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the author’s conclusion about the use of wage and price controls?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 15

The author's conclusion is that wage and price controls, although they may avoid a recession in the short term, eventually lead to distortions and damage to the economy's long-term growth prospects. Option (A) states that countries that repeatedly use wage and price controls tend to have lower long-term economic growth rates than other countries. This information directly supports the author's argument by highlighting the negative impact of wage and price controls on long-term economic growth.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 16

When a stone is trimmed by a mason and exposed to the elements, a coating of clay and other minerals, called rock varnish gradually accumulates on the freshly trimmed surface. Organic matter trapped beneath the varnish on stones of an Andean monument was found to be over 1000 years old. Since the organic matter must have grown on the stone shortly after it was trimmed, it follows that the monument was built long before the arrival of Europeans in the Americas in 1492.

Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 16

(A) The presence of organic matter in rock varnish is not relevant to determining the age. Additionally, if the varnish contains organic matter, it suggests that the organic matter was formed 1000 years ago, reinforcing the argument. This answer is incorrect.
(B) It was common to reuse ancient trimmed stones in the Andes before and after 1492. This is significant because it implies that the monument could have been constructed at a later time by using previously trimmed stones, predating the arrival of Europeans. This addresses a serious flaw in the argument and is therefore the correct answer.
(C) The Andean monument shares a remarkable resemblance with monuments found in ancient sites in western Asia. However, this information does not contribute significantly to the discussion.
(D) The earliest written reference to the Andean monuments dates back to 1778. However, this does not imply that they did not exist before that time.
(E) The formation of rock varnish on trimmed stones stored in dry, sheltered locations is slow or nonexistent. This information is entirely irrelevant to the current discussion, as the process of varnish formation does not affect the argument.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 17

Although elementary school children have traditionally received considerable instruction in creating visual art, there has been no such instruction in music. Consequently, in contrast to the situation for visual art, most people as adults do not recognize the artistic intention of composers. To remedy this situation, a few educators now recommend teaching elementary schools students to compose music.

Which of the following, if true, is the strongest basis for arguing that implementation of the recommendation will not lead to the desired result?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 17

This statement undermines the assumption that teaching elementary school students to compose music will lead to the desired result of them recognizing the artistic intention of composers. It suggests that traditional education, which includes considerable instruction in visual art, does not effectively teach individuals to recognize the artistic intentions of visual artists. Therefore, it implies that similar instruction in music may not necessarily lead to the desired outcome of recognizing the artistic intention of composers.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 18

Buyer's remorse is the feeling experienced when one decides to purchase an item, often of great value, only to later regret making that decision. This feeling can occur when the purchased item becomes undesirable or when the buyer realizes that the same item could have been purchased at a lower price. A consumer who purchased a new car last month has recently discovered that the same model is now being sold for $10,000 less than at the time of purchase. Despite a need for the car at the time, the consumer must be experiencing buyer's remorse.

Which of the following is an assumption upon which the argument depends?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 18

B. A need for an item cannot lessen any feelings of regret that may arise about the purchase.

This assumption is necessary for the argument because it suggests that even if the consumer had a genuine need for the car at the time of purchase, it does not diminish the possibility of experiencing buyer's remorse due to the significant price decrease. It assumes that the need for the item does not override the potential regret caused by realizing that the same item could have been purchased at a much lower price. Therefore, option B is the correct assumption for the argument.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 19

Juliette is likely a world-class figure skater. Like most world-class figure skaters, Juliette has been skating since she was very young. In fact, it is almost impossible to become a world-class figure without having started skating at a very young age. Most people who are not world-class figure skaters start skating much later in life.

The pattern of reasoning in the argument above is most similar to which of the following?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 19

B. Diana devotes over 20 hours a week to playing golf, as do most professional golfers. It is difficult to become a professional golfer playing any less than 20 hours a week. So Diana is probably a professional golfer.

In both cases, the argument follows a pattern of stating a characteristic or behavior that is commonly associated with a particular group (starting figure skating at a young age for world-class figure skaters, and devoting over 20 hours a week to playing golf for professional golfers), and then drawing a conclusion based on the presence of that characteristic or behavior (Juliette is likely a world-class figure skater, Diana is probably a professional golfer).

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 20

Consumer Advocate: Happy Smiles Daycare, a popular child-care facility in Rolling Hills, boasts an average child-to-caregiver ratio of 5:1, a number it cites as the lowest in the county. Furthermore, the daycare claims that compared to some other daycare centers in the county, it does not include helpers, or those who are involved in cleanup and diaper changing, when computing the ratio. Yet Happy Smiles Daycare’s claim that parents with children aged 1–3 will find no other facility with such a low child-to-caregiver ratio is not accurate.

Which of the following, if true, provides the best justification for the Consumer Advocate’s position?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 20

B: Kenton School, which has fewer than 100 students and a legitimate child-to-caregiver ratio of 6:1, provides approximately equal-sized classes for each year up to age 6, though the classes for those over 3 have a child-to-caregiver ratio more than double that of the other classes.

This option provides a counterexample to Happy Smiles Daycare's claim. It states that Kenton School, another daycare facility, has a legitimate child-to-caregiver ratio of 6:1, which is slightly higher than the ratio claimed by Happy Smiles Daycare. Moreover, it mentions that Kenton School provides approximately equal-sized classes for each year up to age 6, indicating that the ratio does not significantly vary based on the age of the children. This suggests that Happy Smiles Daycare's claim of having the lowest child-to-caregiver ratio for children aged 1-3 is inaccurate, as Kenton School offers a similar or lower ratio for children within that age range.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 21

The rate of health complications for patients on intravenous (IV) therapy at a Kalemic Hospital was higher than usual. Government inspectors found that the typical IV solutions used at Kalemic had somewhat high concentrations of sodium and potassium, which could raise patients' blood pressure and tax their kidneys. The government inspectors mandated lowering the sodium and potassium in these IV preparations, threatening a costly government fine. Accordingly, doctors at Kalemic Hospital lowered the sodium and potassium levels in the IV solutions to the correct levels, but patients on IV therapy there continued to have a high rate of health complications.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why acting on the government inspectors' recommendations failed to achieve its goal?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 21

(D) A high proportion of patients at Kalemic Hospital are older, and older patients are more vulnerable to infections that can accompany IVs.

This option suggests that the age of the patients at Kalemic Hospital could be a contributing factor to the high rate of health complications despite the correction of the IV solution levels. Older patients tend to have a higher vulnerability to infections, which can be a potential cause of the ongoing health complications. Therefore, even after addressing the issue with the sodium and potassium levels in the IV solutions, the age-related vulnerability to infections might still be leading to the complications experienced by the patients.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 22

I am unable to forgive a man who fails to return a book he had taken from my shelf.

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 22

A. to return a book he had taken from my shelf.
This option uses the past perfect tense "had taken," indicating that the man took the book from the speaker's shelf before a specific past point in time. However, this option does not maintain the logical connection with the rest of the sentence. The verb "to forgive" and "to return" are both in the infinitive form, and the past perfect tense is not needed here.

B. returning a book he had taken from my shelf.
This option changes the structure of the sentence and replaces the infinitive form "to return" with the gerund form "returning." It also uses the past perfect tense "had taken." While the tense is correct, the change in structure alters the meaning slightly. Instead of expressing the speaker's inability to forgive, it simply states that the action of returning the book is associated with the man who had taken it.

C. to return a book he had taken out from my shelf.
Similar to option A, this option also uses the past perfect tense "had taken." Additionally, it adds "out" after "taken," which changes the meaning slightly. The phrase "taken out from my shelf" suggests that the man not only took the book but also physically removed it from the shelf. However, the original sentence does not specify that the book was physically taken out from the shelf.

D. to return a book he has taken from my shelf.
This option uses the present perfect tense "has taken," which indicates that the man took the book in the past and still possesses it. The present perfect tense establishes a connection to the present moment, making it appropriate to convey the idea that the man still has not returned the book. This option maintains the logical connection with the rest of the sentence, as "fails" in the non-underlined portion requires the present tense.

E. to return a book he took from my shelf.
This option uses the simple past tense "took," indicating that the man took the book from the speaker's shelf at a specific point in the past. However, the use of the simple past tense does not maintain the logical connection with the rest of the sentence. The non-underlined portion uses the word "fails," which requires the present tense to establish a clear connection with the man's failure to return the book.

Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 23

Last year Comfort Airlines had twice as many delayed flights as the year before, but the number of complaints from passengers about delayed flights went up three times. It is unlikely that this disproportionate increase in complaints was rooted in an increase in overall dissatisfaction with the service Comfort Airlines provides, since the airline made a special effort to improve other aspects of its service last year.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the disproportionate increase in customer complaints?

Detailed Solution for Test: Verbal Reasoning (Level 700) - 2 - Question 23

(A) Comfort Airlines had more flights last year than the year before. This option is irrelevant to explaining the disproportionate increase in customer complaints. While it provides information about the number of flights, it does not directly address the higher number of complaints.

(B) Last year a single period of unusually bad weather caused a large number of flights to be delayed. This option suggests that a specific event, such as bad weather, resulted in a higher number of delayed flights. However, it does not directly explain the disproportionate increase in customer complaints, as it does not account for the threefold increase in complaints.

(C) Some of the improvements that Comfort Airlines made in its service were required by new government regulations. This option provides information about improvements made by Comfort Airlines, but it does not directly explain the disproportionate increase in complaints. While it suggests that the airline made efforts to improve its service, it does not account for the higher number of complaints.

(D) The average length of a flight delay was greater last year than it was the year before. This option is the correct choice. It states that the average length of a flight delay increased last year compared to the previous year. This could explain the disproportionate increase in customer complaints, as longer delays can lead to increased dissatisfaction and more complaints from passengers.

(E) The average number of passengers per flight was no higher last year than the year before. This option suggests that there was no significant change in the average number of passengers per flight. However, it does not directly address the higher number of complaints and does not provide a clear explanation for the disproportionate increase.

In summary, option (D) is the most suitable choice as it provides a plausible explanation for the disproportionate increase in customer complaints by indicating that the average length of flight delays was greater last year. This aligns with the argument's statement of a threefold increase in complaints related to delayed flights.

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