Test: Solutions and solubility - Year 8 MCQ

Concentration (M) = Moles of solute / Volume of solution (L).
Therefore, moles of solute = 0.5 M × 2 L = 1.0 mole.

First, convert grams to moles: 5 g / 58.5 g/mol = 0.0855 mol.
Then, convert mL to L: 250 mL = 0.250 L.
Finally, use the formula M = moles/L: 0.0855 mol / 0.250 L = 0.342 M.

Increasing temperature generally increases the solubility of solid solutes in liquid solvents because it increases the kinetic energy of particles, allowing more collisions between solute and solvent molecules, which helps in overcoming intermolecular forces.

The volume of the solvent does not directly affect the rate of dissolution. Factors such as stirring/agitation, temperature, and surface area of the solute all influence how quickly a solute dissolves in a solvent by affecting the contact between solute and solvent particles.

Ionic solutes typically dissolve well in water due to the polar nature of water molecules, which can surround and stabilize ions through hydration. Non-polar solutes do not dissolve well in polar solvents like water, while polar and ionic solutes tend to dissolve more readily due to their ability to interact with water molecules.