Test: Respiration in Organisms - UPSC MCQ

Insect bodies have openings, called spiracles, along the thorax and abdomen. These openings connect to the tubular network, allowing oxygen to pass into the body, regulating the diffusion of CO₂ and water vapor. 

The part of breathing during which oxygen rich air is taken in is called inhalation.

During exhalation, i.e. releasing air during respiration, the ribs move downwards to reduce the volume of the thoracic cavity.
During exhalation, your diaphragm relaxes and moves upward into the chest cavity. The intercostal muscles between the ribs also relax to reduce the space in the chest cavity. As they relax they position the rib cage downwards and inwards.

Stomata are small openings on the leaves surface through which exchange of gases takes place in plants.

Gills are respiratory organs in fish. Gills intake oxygen from water.

Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen and is less efficient than aerobic respiration. Unlike aerobic respiration, the end products here are ethyl alcohol as in yeasts and lactic acid as in animal cells. So the answer is 'Alcohol and lactic acid'.

During aerobic respiration, complete oxidation of food takes place and more energy is released in form of ATP.

Explanation:

• Frogs have a specialized skin that is permeable to gases, allowing them to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide through their skin.
• When frogs are on land, they primarily use their lungs to breathe. However, when they are in water or in damp environments, they rely more on their skin for respiration.
• This dual breathing system allows frogs to adapt to different environments and survive in a variety of conditions.

When cells break down food with the help of oxygen, it is called aerobic respiration. This is like how our bodies get energy from the food we eat by using oxygen. It helps us move, play, and do all our activities!

• Muscle cramps happen after heavy exercise because of the buildup of lactic acid in the muscles.
• When we exercise a lot, our muscles need more energy, and sometimes they don't get enough oxygen, so they create lactic acid.
• This acid makes the muscles feel sore and cramped.
• Taking a hot water bath or having a massage helps improve blood flow, bringing more oxygen to the muscles, which helps in getting rid of the lactic acid and feeling better.

Yeasts are single-celled organisms. They respire anaerobically and during this process yield alcohol. In this process glucose breaks down into alcohol (ethanol) and carbon dioxide.

We yawn when we are sleepy or drowsy to get more oxygen. Yawning helps our body take in extra oxygen, which can make us feel more awake and alert. So, when you yawn, it's like your body's way of saying, "I need more oxygen to keep going!"

When we breathe out, we release a mixture of gases, including carbon dioxide and oxygen. This helps our body get rid of waste gases and take in fresh oxygen for energy.

Athletes breathe faster and deeper after a race to supply more oxygen to their cells. During intense physical activity, the body's demand for energy is high, but the oxygen supply is limited. This leads to anaerobic respiration in muscle cells. After the race, rapid and deep breathing helps replenish the oxygen deficit. Interestingly, some athletes practice controlled breathing techniques to improve their performance and recovery.

The normal range of breathing rate per minute for an average adult at rest is typically between 12 and 18 breaths per minute. From the options you provided, the closest range is 15-18 breaths per minute.