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Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Grade 11 MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test Chemistry for Grade 11 (IGCSE) - Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds

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Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 1

Why do isotopes of the same element exhibit similar chemical behaviors?

Detailed Solution for Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 1
Isotopes of the same element exhibit similar chemical behaviors because they have identical numbers of electrons in their outer shells, leading to the same electronic configuration. This fundamental similarity influences an atom's chemistry, despite the differing neutron count within their nuclei. Understanding this principle helps explain why isotopes share similar chemical properties, even though they may have different masses.
Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 2

How do isotopes differ from one another based on their neutron count?

Detailed Solution for Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 2
The neutron count within isotopes impacts the mass exclusively, leading to differences in physical attributes such as density, boiling point, and melting point. Despite these variations, isotopes appear indistinguishable externally. This distinction in mass due to neutron count is what sets isotopes apart from each other and influences their unique physical properties.
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Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 3

What is the relative atomic mass (RAM) of lithium when rounded to the nearest whole number?

Detailed Solution for Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 3
When the relative atomic mass of lithium is rounded to the nearest whole number, it becomes 7. This rounding aligns with the mass number of a specific isotope of lithium. Lithium, with an atomic number of 3, typically has a mass number of 7 for this specific isotope. This rounding convention helps simplify values for practical use while maintaining accuracy in atomic mass calculations.
Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 4
Why is the relative atomic mass of lithium sometimes given as 6.94 when rounded to two decimal places?
Detailed Solution for Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 4
The relative atomic mass of lithium is sometimes given as 6.94 when rounded to two decimal places because it reflects the average atomic mass of all naturally occurring isotopes of lithium. Lithium has two stable isotopes, lithium-6 and lithium-7, in varying proportions. By considering these proportions and their respective masses, the weighted average of these isotopes results in the value of 6.94. This average atomic mass accounts for the isotopic abundances and is crucial for various calculations in chemistry, including stoichiometry and molar mass determinations.
Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 5
How do metals and non-metals differ in their ionization processes?
Detailed Solution for Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 5
Metals have the tendency to lose electrons to other atoms, leading to the formation of positively charged ions known as cations. On the other hand, non-metals have a tendency to gain electrons from other atoms, resulting in the formation of negatively charged ions known as anions. This fundamental difference in behavior is essential in understanding the properties and reactivity of elements in the periodic table.
Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 6
What is the primary goal of atoms adjusting their electron count to form ions?
Detailed Solution for Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 6
Atoms adjust their electron count to form ions in order to achieve a full outer electron shell, a configuration that enhances stability. By attaining a stable electron configuration similar to that of noble gases, atoms increase their stability and decrease their reactivity. This adjustment ensures that the electron arrangement of the ion mirrors that of noble gases like helium or neon, thereby promoting a more stable state for the atom.
Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 7
What is the primary outcome of ionic bonding between metal and non-metal atoms?
Detailed Solution for Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 7
Ionic bonding between metal and non-metal atoms results in the creation of positively and negatively charged ions. This occurs as metal atoms lose electrons to form positively charged ions, while non-metal atoms gain these electrons to become negatively charged ions. The attraction between these oppositely charged ions leads to the formation of a strong ionic bond that holds the compound together.
Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 8
What is the process by which sodium chloride (NaCl) is formed through ionic bonding?
Detailed Solution for Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 8
Sodium, being a Group I metal, loses one outer electron to become a positively charged sodium ion, while chlorine, a Group VII non-metal, gains an electron to form a negatively charged chloride ion. The resulting oppositely charged ions, sodium and chloride, are held together by strong electrostatic forces, forming the ionic compound sodium chloride (NaCl). This transfer of electrons between sodium and chlorine leads to the stable formation of NaCl.
Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 9
What characteristic defines ionic compounds in terms of their overall charge and bonding?
Detailed Solution for Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 9
Ionic compounds are characterized by the balance of positive and negative charges within the compound, resulting in no overall charge. This is due to the strong ionic bonds formed between positively and negatively charged ions. These compounds are held together by the electrostatic attraction between ions of opposite charges, leading to the stability of the overall structure.
Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 10
Why does sodium, as a Group I metal, tend to lose an electron in the process of ionic bonding?
Detailed Solution for Test: Isotopes & Ionic Bonds - Question 10
Sodium, belonging to Group I of the periodic table, tends to lose an electron during ionic bonding to achieve a full outer electron shell and attain greater stability. By losing an electron, sodium transforms into a positively charged ion, which then interacts with the negatively charged ion of the non-metal, such as chlorine, to form an ionic bond. This electron transfer is essential for sodium to achieve a more stable electron configuration.
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