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Year 11 Exam  >  Year 11 Tests  >  Geography for GCSE/IGCSE  >  Test: Coastal Landforms - Year 11 MCQ

Test: Coastal Landforms - Year 11 MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test Geography for GCSE/IGCSE - Test: Coastal Landforms

Test: Coastal Landforms for Year 11 2024 is part of Geography for GCSE/IGCSE preparation. The Test: Coastal Landforms questions and answers have been prepared according to the Year 11 exam syllabus.The Test: Coastal Landforms MCQs are made for Year 11 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Coastal Landforms below.
Solutions of Test: Coastal Landforms questions in English are available as part of our Geography for GCSE/IGCSE for Year 11 & Test: Coastal Landforms solutions in Hindi for Geography for GCSE/IGCSE course. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for Year 11 Exam by signing up for free. Attempt Test: Coastal Landforms | 15 questions in 15 minutes | Mock test for Year 11 preparation | Free important questions MCQ to study Geography for GCSE/IGCSE for Year 11 Exam | Download free PDF with solutions
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 1
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What is the primary mechanism responsible for the retreat of cliffs and the creation of wave-cut platforms?

Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 1
Cliffs retreat and wave-cut platforms are primarily formed due to erosion. The continuous action of waves, including processes like abrasion, corrosion, and hydraulic action, gradually erodes the base and face of the cliff, leading to its retreat. This ongoing erosion process results in the formation of a wave-cut platform as the eroded material is carried away by the backwash of the waves.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 2
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What geological process contributes to the formation of a wave-cut notch in cliffs?

Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 2
The formation of a wave-cut notch in cliffs is primarily influenced by hydraulic action. This process involves the sheer force of water against the rock surface, particularly at the base of the cliff, leading to the carving out of a notch due to the hydraulic force of the waves. Over time, this notch can deepen and contribute to the eventual collapse of the overlying cliff face.
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Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 3
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What characteristic of high-energy waves makes them more erosive near the base of a cliff compared to low-energy waves?

Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 3
The higher velocity of high-energy waves near the base of a cliff makes them more erosive compared to low-energy waves. The increased speed and energy of these waves allow them to exert more force against the cliff face, leading to greater erosion through processes like abrasion and hydraulic action. This heightened erosive power contributes to the formation of features like wave-cut notches and the retreat of cliffs.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 4
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What geological factor primarily influences the angle of a cliff face?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 4
The angle of a cliff face is primarily determined by the geological factor of rock type. Different types of rocks have varying degrees of resistance to erosion, which influences the steepness or gentleness of the cliff profile. Rocks with greater resistance are likely to form steeper cliffs, while softer rocks may result in more gently sloping profiles. This geological characteristic plays a key role in shaping the overall appearance of coastal cliffs.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 5
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What geological features are typically found in regions where layers of durable and less durable rocks alternate, creating a discordant coastline?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 5
In regions where layers of durable and less durable rocks alternate, creating a discordant coastline, headlands and bays are typically formed. Headlands are projections of more resilient rock that extend outward into the sea and feature cliffs along their sides. Bays, on the other hand, are sea inlets where the land curves inward, often with a beach and surrounded by lower-lying land.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 6
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What type of rock is more likely to erode and carve out a bay in a coastal area?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 6
Less durable rocks like clay are more susceptible to erosion, making them the likely candidate to be carved out to form a bay in a coastal area. The erosion process targets these softer rocks, gradually shaping them into bays as compared to the more resilient rocks like limestone, which form headlands.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 7
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Which of the following statements best describes the typical characteristics of a bay?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 7
A bay usually features a wide entrance from the sea, a roughly semi-circular shape extending into the coastline, land that is lower than the surrounding headlands, and may or may not have a beach. This configuration distinguishes it from other coastal features.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 8
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What distinguishes a headland from a bay in terms of their physical characteristics?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 8
One key distinction between a headland and a bay is that headlands project outward into the sea, often featuring cliffs along their sides, while bays have wide entrances from the sea and a landward-curving shape. This difference in orientation and structure is a fundamental characteristic of these coastal landforms.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 9
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What natural processes contribute to the widening and thinning of an arch's base, leading to its eventual collapse?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 9
The widening and thinning of an arch's base, culminating in its collapse, are primarily driven by wave action from below and weathering from above. These processes work together to erode the base of the arch, eventually causing its roof to collapse and leaving behind a stack that undergoes further erosion.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 10
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What geological feature is left behind after the collapse of an arch in the coastal erosion process?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 10
After the collapse of an arch in the coastal erosion process, a stack is left behind. This solitary rock column is the remnant of the collapsed arch and continues to undergo erosion at its base until it eventually crumbles, forming a stump.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 11
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How does wave refraction contribute to the formation of coastal landforms such as caves, arches, and stacks?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 11
Wave refraction plays a crucial role in the formation of coastal landforms like caves, arches, and stacks by altering wave direction and concentrating erosive forces on headlands. This phenomenon occurs as waves approach the shore, causing their velocity to decrease and leading to the alignment of wave crests parallel to the coastline, which intensifies erosive processes on the headland.Response:
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 12
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How are beaches typically formed in protected areas like bays?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 12
Beaches are typically formed in protected areas like bays through constructive wave action, where the swash is stronger than the backwash. This process involves the gradual deposition of sand and other sediments, leading to the formation of beaches. Constructive waves help build up beaches over time, creating important coastal features that serve various ecological functions.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 13
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What triggers the formation of a spit along a shoreline?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 13
The formation of a spit along a shoreline is triggered by the presence of a river mouth. When a river meets the sea, it can deposit sediments that gradually build up and extend outward, forming an elongated strip of land known as a spit. River mouths play a crucial role in shaping coastal landforms and contributing to the dynamic nature of coastal environments.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 14
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What results in the formation of a bar connecting two headlands across a bay?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 14
The formation of a bar, which connects two headlands across a bay, is primarily a result of wave action depositing sediments. Waves transport sediments along the coast, and when conditions are right, they can deposit these sediments to form a bar. Bars are important coastal features that can influence coastal processes and provide valuable habitats for various marine species.
Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 15
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How does the shape of a spit, including whether it has a curved end, depend on?
Detailed Solution for Test: Coastal Landforms - Question 15
The shape of a spit, including whether it has a curved end or not, depends on wind and current directions. These environmental factors influence the direction in which sediments are transported and deposited, ultimately shaping the morphology of the spit. Understanding how wind and currents interact is essential for predicting coastal landform evolution and studying the dynamic nature of coastal environments.
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