Test: SSC CGL Previous Year Questions: History (2023-20) - 9 - SSC CGL MCQ

Atmaram Pandurang founded Prartahana Samaj (1867), Other members - R.C. Bhandarkar and Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade. Objective - Women Education, Widow remarriage and Disapproval of caste system. Brahmo Sabha (1828) : Founder - Raja Ram Mohan Roy, which was later renamed as Brahmo Samaj. Debendranath Tagore : Founded - Tattvabodhini Sabha (in 1839). Keshav Chandra Sen : Founded - Indian Reform Association (1870).

Brahmo Samaj (1828). Founded - by Raja Rammohan Roy. It denounced polytheism and opposed idolatry. Ved Samaj (1864) : Founder - Keshab Chandra Sen and K.Sridharalu Naidu. Deobandi Movement (1866) : Founder - Mohammad Qasim Nanotavi and Rashid Ahmed Gangohi. Wahabi Movement (1820) : Founder - Syed Ahmed.

Anglo. The acronym DAV translates as 'Dayanand Anglo Vedic', the melange of the Vedas and Modernity. Mahatma Hansraj established the rst DAV School at Lahore on June 1, 1886. Other Educational Establishments in India: 1835 - Calcutta Medical College and the Elphinstone College of Bombay. 1857 - University of Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras. 1882 - The University of Punjab. 1887 - The University of Allahabad.

Akali Movement (Gurdwara Reform Movement).Namdhari Movement (Kuka Movement) - A Sikh reform movement that began in the Punjab region of India (Founded by Baba Ram Singh in 1857). Ghadar Movement: President - Sohan Singh Bhakna, Founded - 15 July 1913, Dissolved - January 1948, Preceded by - Pacic Coast Hindustan Association. Nirankari Movement - It was a social reform movement for Sikhism (founded by Baba Dyal Das in 1851).

1791. Jonathan Duncan suggested establishing a Sanskrit college to develop and preserve Sanskrit Vangmaya to demonstrate British support for Indian education. In 1958 The Sanskrit college became a university and in 1974 the name was changed to Sampumanand Sanskrit University. Banaras Hindu University - Founded by Madan Mohan Malviya in 1916.

Banaras. Annie Besant: A British socialist, educationist and women’s rights activist. She came to India in 1893. She set up her All-India Home Rule League in 1916 in Madras and covered a major part of India (including Bombay city). She became the rst woman president of the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1917

To reform Hinduism. Arya Samaj (1875) was founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati. It also campaigned against social evils such as caste discrimination and untouchability.

1893. Swami Vivekananda's childhood name was Narendranath Datta. In 1893, Maharaja Ajit Singh (Khetri State) gave him the title of ‘Vivekananda’. He preached the Philosophy ‘neo-Vedanta’ and was the disciple of Ramakrishna Paramhansa. He established Ramakrishna Mission (1897) (Headquarter - Belur Math). Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose had called Vivekananda the “Maker of modern India.”

Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar - He was a social reformer from Bengal. He is credited with reconstructing the Bengali Alphabet. His Book - ‘BornoPorichoy’. Due to his consistent effort, the Government of India passed the Widow Remarriage Act in 1856. Swami Dayanand Saraswati (Martin Luther of India) - Founder of the Arya Samaj (1875). Keshab Chandra Sen (with K. Sridharalu Naidu) - Founder of Veda Samaj (1864) in Madras.

Baba Dayal Das - Founder of the Nirankari Movement. He emphasized the worship of god as Nirankar (formless). Baba Ram Singh - The leader of the Kuka movement in Punjab. Maharaja Ranjit Singh (“Sher-e-Punjab” or "Lion of Punjab") - First Maharaja of the Sikh Empire. Guru Gobind Singh - The tenth and last Sikh Guru.

spread of women's education. On the line of promoting women's education, he founded the first women's university in India - SNDT Women's University . The Government of India awarded him the Bharat Ratna (1958) and Padma Vibhushan (1955). His two autobiographies : Atmawrutta (1928) in Marathi, and Looking Back (1936) in English.

Nagpur. The All-India Depressed Classes Association (Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, 1930). 'Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha (Outcastes Welfare Association)’, 1923. Independent Labour Party (ILP) 1936. Dr.B.R.Ambedkar (Bharat Ratna, 1990).

Pandita Ramabai (women's rights & education activist). She was the rst woman to be awarded the titles of Pandita as a Sanskrit scholar and Sarasvati after being examined by the faculty of the University of Calcutta. She was awarded with the Kaiser-i-Hind Medal for community service in 1919. She was one of the ten women delegates of the Congress session of 1889.

Atmiya Sabha. Brahmo Samaj {Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded Brahmo Sabha in 1828, Aim - worship of the eternal God. It split into two in 1866 (Brahmo Samaj of India led by Keshub Chandra Sen and Adi Brahmo Samaj led by Debendranath Tagore), Prominent Leaders: Debendranath Tagore, Keshub Chandra Sen, Pt. Sivnath Shastri, and Rabindranath Tagore}.

Andal. The Nayanars were a group of 63 poet-saints living in Tamil Nadu during the 6th to 8th centuries CE who were devoted to the Hindu god Shiva. Along with the Alwars, their contemporaries who were devoted to Vishnu, they inuenced the Bhakti movement in early medieval South India.

Swami Dayanand Saraswati in his book Satyarth Prakash propounded that the original abode of the Aryans was Tibet. The reasoning behind this was that due to the extreme cold in Tibet, sun and re were worshiped and the ora and fauna described in the Rigveda were found in Tibet.

WC Banerjee. Important Congress sessions: First Session - held at Bombay in 1885. Second Session - held at Calcutta in 1886, President - Dadabhai Naoroji. Third Session - held at Madras in 1887, President - Syed Badruddin Tyabji (first muslim President). Fourth Session - held at Allahabad in 1888, President - George Yule (first English President). 1896 session (Calcutta) President - Rahimtullah Sayani, National Song ‘Vande Mataram’ sung for the first time by Rabindranath Tagore.

Annie Besant : First woman who presided over the calcutta session (1917) of Indian National Congress. Sarojini Naidu - first Indian women president of Indian national congress (1925, Kanpur session) and the first woman Governor of the United Provinces in 1947.

Subhas Chandra Bose was elected President of the Haripura Congress Session in 1938. He resigned as congress president in April 1939. Dr. Rajendra Prasad replaced Subhas Chandra Bose as the new congress president.

Dadabhai Naroji. Indian National Congress: The Second session - Calcutta (1886), The first session - Bombay (1885). The first president - Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee. First General Secretary - A.O Hume.

Calcutta. Dadabhai Naoroji (Grand Old Man of India) founded the Rahnumai Mazdayasnan Sabha in 1851 to revive the Zoroastrian religion and formed the London India Society in 1865. He Became a member of the Legislative Council of Mumbai during 1885-88 and President of the Congress Party in 1886 (Calcutta), 1893 (Lahore) and 1906 (Calcutta). He gave the theory of ‘drain of wealth’ in his book “Poverty and Un-British Rule in India”.

Indian National Congress. The Communist Party of India (M.N. Roy, Abani Mukherji) was founded in Kanpur on 26 December 1925. The All-India Muslim League was a political party established in Dhaka in 1906. The East India Association was founded by Dadabhai Naoroji in 1866.

1885. Founder: Allan Octavian Hume. First President: W.C. Bannerjee. First meeting - Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College (Bombay). Prominent delegates included Dadabhai Naoroji, Surendranath Banerjee, Badruddin Tyabji, Pherozeshah Mehta, W. C. Bonnerjee, S. Ramaswami Mudaliar, S. Subramania Iyer, and Romesh Chunder Dutt.

434, Held (December 27-30, 1886, Calcutta), President (Shri Dadabhai Naoroji), Congress decided to set up Provincial Congress Committees across the country. Father of Indian National Congress: Allan Octavian Hume (known for his Safety valve theory).

Allahabad. On 28 December 1885, the Indian National Congress was founded at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay. Founder- A. O Hume.

1931. In 1928, Motilal Nehru and other Congress leaders drafted a constitution for India.

1940. All-India Muslim League established in Dhaka in 1906. Founder: Nawab Khwaja Salimullah. First Honorary President: Aga Khan III. Headquarters: Lucknow. 1st Session: Karachi (1907).

Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (also known as Bachcha Khan, Badshah Khan, or Sarhadi Gandhi). He founded the Red Shirt movement or “Khudai Khitmatgar”in 1930. It was a non-violent protest against the Britishers. Leaders and Nickname: Rajendra Prasad (Desh Ratna), Ashfaqulla Khan (Hasrat), Madan Mohan Malaviya (Mahamana), Gopal Hari Deshmukh (Lokhitawadi), Chittaranjan Das (Deshbandhu), Dadabhai Naoroji (Grand old man of India).

Bankim Chandra Chatterjee. 'Anandamath' is a book about the Sannyasi Rebellion in the late 18th century. His other books: “Durgesh Nandini”, “Kapalkundala”, “Devi Chaudhurani”, “Bishabriksha”.

Subhas Chandra Bose. It was formed in 1939 in Bengal. Slogans - ‘Delhi Chalo’, ‘Tum Mujhe Khoon Do Main Tumhe Azadi Dunga’. Azad Hind Fauj or the India National Army (INA) was rst established by Mohan Singh in 1942 and it was revived by Subhas Chandra Bose on 21 October 1943.