Test: Gender, Religion & Caste - 2 - UPSC

The gender division of labour refers to the allocation of different jobs or types of work to women and men. Gender division of paid and unpaid work in private and public life. Occupational segregation by gender and race/ethnicity. Cultural variation in the gender division of labour.

Feminism is a range of political movements, ideologies, and social movements that share a common goal: to define, establish, and achieve political, economic, personal, and social equality of sexes. This includes seeking to establish educational and professional opportunities for women that are equal to those for men.

The option that does not refer to the 'Feminist movement' is C: Training them in household jobs.
Explanation:
The feminist movement aims to achieve gender equality and challenge the societal norms and expectations placed on women. It focuses on empowering women and advocating for their rights in various aspects of life.
Here is a detailed breakdown of each option and its relation to the feminist movement:
A: Improving educational and career opportunities for women
- This is a key goal of the feminist movement as it seeks to address the historical barriers and discrimination that women have faced in accessing education and achieving career advancements. By advocating for equal educational and career opportunities, feminists aim to create a level playing field for women in society.
B: Giving voting rights to women
- This is another significant achievement of the feminist movement. Historically, women were denied the right to vote and participate in the political process. The feminist movement fought for women's suffrage, leading to the granting of voting rights to women in many countries. This was a crucial step towards gender equality and ensuring women's voices are heard in decision-making processes.
C: Training them in household jobs
- This option does not refer to the feminist movement. The feminist movement focuses on challenging gender roles and stereotypes, including the notion that women should be confined to traditional "household jobs." Instead, it promotes the idea that women should have equal opportunities in all areas of life, including education, careers, and political participation.
D: Improving their political and legal status
- This is another significant goal of the feminist movement. It aims to address the historical marginalization of women in politics and the legal system. Feminists advocate for equal representation of women in political positions and work towards eliminating discriminatory laws and practices that perpetuate gender inequality.
In conclusion, option C, which suggests training women in household jobs, does not align with the goals and principles of the feminist movement. The movement seeks to challenge traditional gender roles and empower women in all aspects of life, rather than confining them to domestic responsibilities.

The result of political expression of gender division:
1. Has helped to improve women's role in public life:
- Political expression of gender division has brought attention to the unequal treatment and opportunities faced by women in society.
- It has led to the implementation of policies and initiatives aimed at promoting gender equality and empowering women.
- Women have been able to participate more actively in politics, hold leadership positions, and have their voices heard in decision-making processes.
2. Has provided a superior status to women:
- Political expression of gender division does not aim to provide a superior status to women but rather to achieve equality.
- It is about challenging gender norms and stereotypes that limit women's potential and opportunities.
- The goal is to create a society where both men and women have equal rights, opportunities, and access to resources.
3. The position remains the same, as it was:
- In some cases, despite political expression of gender division, the position of women may still remain unchanged.
- Gender inequality and discrimination persist in many societies, and efforts to address these issues may face resistance or lack of implementation.
- It is important to continue advocating for gender equality and pushing for systemic changes to ensure progress.
4. None of the above:
- This option implies that political expression of gender division has had no impact or result, which is unlikely.
- The expression of gender division in politics has undoubtedly brought attention to gender issues and sparked discussions and actions towards gender equality.
Overall, while the impact of political expression of gender division may vary across societies and contexts, it has generally been instrumental in raising awareness, promoting gender equality, and empowering women in public life. However, there is still much work to be done as gender inequalities persist in many areas of society.

From the given options, Indian women do not have very large amount of participation.

Patriarchy is a social system in which men hold primary power, predominate in the roles of political leadership, moral authority, special privilege and control of the property. They also hold power in the domain of the family, as fatherly figures.

Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 being the prime one amongst them. The Act by means of Section 4 not only emphasizes on equal pay for equal work but even bars the employer from reversing the pay scales in order to attain equilibrium.
Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 is also known as ‘Equal Wages Act.’

The correct option is A.
 Men at work :
Men hardly do any household work. They work as cooks, tailors when they are paid in hotel

In state Legislature less than 5% of its total members are women.

Representation is only the first step to ensure equal participation in decision making. In 1992, when the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments introduced local self-governance, it was  an unparalleled step to consciously empower women as decision makers with 1/3rd of the seats reserved for women.