CLAT - Past Year Paper 2014
200 Questions MCQ Test CLAT Past Year Papers (2008-2019) | CLAT - Past Year Paper 2014
Directions : Fill in the blank by choosing the most appropriate option.
A vote of .............. proposed at the end of the meeting.
Directions : Fill in the blank by choosing the most appropriate option.
During the recession many companies will ......... lay off workers.
Directions : Fill in the blank by choosing the most appropriate option.
She has good ........... over the famous foreign languages.
Directions : Fill in the blank by choosing the most appropriate option.
The Chairman pointed out in favour of the manager that the profitability of the industrial plant had ...... since he took over the administration.
Directions : Fill in the blank by choosing the most appropriate option.
When the examinations were over............ went to Paris.
Directions : Fill in the blank by choosing the most appropriate option.
Let's go for a walk...............?
Directions : Fill in the blank by choosing the most appropriate option.
Had Anil been on time he ............ missed the train.
Directions : Fill in the blank by choosing the most appropriate option.
The most alarming fact is that infection is spreading ....... the state and reaching villages and small towns.
Directions : Fill in the blank by choosing the most appropriate option.
In big cities people are cut ......... from nature.
Directions : Fill in the blank by choosing the most appropriate option.
The dissidents .......... a great problem in every political party.
Directions : The sentences given in each question, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a letter. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the given choices to construct a coherent paragraph.
(a) Payment for imports and exports is made through a system called foreign exchange. The value of the money of one country in relation to the money of other countries is agreed upon.
(b) The rates of exchange vary from time to time.
(c) For example. an American dollar or a British pound sterling is worth certain amounts in the money of other countries.
(d) Sometimes a US dollar is worth 60 rupees in India.
Directions : The sentences given in each question, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a letter. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the given choices to construct a coherent paragraph.
(a) When a dictionary is being edited, a lexicographer collects all the alphabetically arranged citation slips for a particular word.
(b) The moment a new word is coined, it usually enters the spoken language.
(c) The dictionary takes note of it and makes a note of it on a citation slip.
(d) The word then passes from the realm of hearing to the realm of writing.
Directions : The sentences given in each question, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a letter. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the given choices to construct a coherent paragraph.
(a) The impression that corruption is a universal phenomenon persists and the people do not co-operate in checking this evil.
(b) So there is hardly anything that the government can do about it now.
(c) It is regrettable that there is a widespread corruption in the country at all levels.
(d) Recently several offenders were brought to book. but they were not given deterrent punishment.
Directions : The sentences given in each question, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a letter. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the given choices to construct a coherent paragraph.
(a) In all social affairs convention prescribes more or less generally accepted rules of behaviour.
(b) Of course, there is nothing absolute about conventions.
(c) They vary from country to country, from age to age.
(d) Convention has a necessary part to play in the life of everyone.
Directions : The sentences given in each question, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a letter. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the given choices to construct a coherent paragraph.
(a) In fact, only recently there have been serious studies to find out how many of us actually have nightmares.
(b) Now that is changing.
(c) The study of nightmares has been curiously neglected.
(d) While results so far are inconclusive, it seems fair to say that at least half the population has occasional nightmares.
Directions : Given below are a few foreign language phrases which are commonly used. Choose the correct meaning for each of the phrases.
Ex officio
Directions : Given below are a few foreign language phrases which are commonly used. Choose the correct meaning for each of the phrases.
Ultra Vires
Directions : Given below are a few foreign language phrases which are commonly used. Choose the correct meaning for each of the phrases.
Quid pro quo
Directions : Given below are a few foreign language phrases which are commonly used. Choose the correct meaning for each of the phrases.
Inter vivos
Directions : Given below are a few foreign language phrases which are commonly used. Choose the correct meaning for each of the phrases.
Corpus juris
Directions : Select the word that is spelt CORRECTLY.
Which of the following spellings is correct?
Which of the following spellings is correct?
Which of the following spellings is correct?
Which of the following spellings is correct "for a page at the beinning of a book"?
Which of the following spellings is correct?
Directions : Choose the explanation that best reflects the spirit of the idiom/proverb/phrase given in question.
To make clean breast of
Directions : Choose the explanation that best reflects the spirit of the idiom/proverb/phrase given in question.
A man of straw
Directions : Choose the explanation that best reflects the spirit of the idiom/proverb/phrase given in question.
A wild-goose chase
Directions : Choose the explanation that best reflects the spirit of the idiom/proverb/phrase given in question.
Put on the market
Directions : Choose the explanation that best reflects the spirit of the idiom/proverb/phrase given in question.
To meet someone halfway
Directions : The questions in this section are based on a single passage. The questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Kindly note that more than one of the choices may conceivably answer some of the questions. However, you are to choose the most appropriate answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question.
The spread of education in society is at the foundation of success in countries that are latecomers to development. In the quest for development, primary education is absolutely essential because it creates the base. But higher education is just as important, for it provides the cutting edge. And universities are the life-blood of higher education. Islands of excellence in professional education, such as Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), are valuable complements but-cannot be substitutes for universities which provide educational opportunities for people at large.
There can be no doubt that higher education has made a significant contribution to economic development, social progress and political democracy in independent India. It is a source of dynamism for the economy. It has created social opportunities for people. It has fostered the vibrant democracy in our polity. It has provided a beginning for the creation of a knowledge society. But it would be a mistake to focus on its strengths alone. It has weaknesses that are a cause for serious concern.
There is, in fact, a quiet crisis in higher education in India that runs deep. It is not yet discernible simply because there are pockets of excellence, an enormous reservoir of talented young people and an intense competition in the admissions process. And, in some important spheres, we continue to reap the benefits of what was sown in higher education 50 years ago by the founding fathers of the Republic. The reality is that we have miles to go. The proportion of our population, in the age group 18-24, that enters the world of higher education is around 7 per cent, which is only one-half the average for Asia. The opportunities for higher education, in terms of the number of places in universities, are simply not enough in relation to our needs. What is more, the quality of higher education in most of our universities requires substantial improvement.
It is clear that the system of higher education in India faces serious challenges. It needs a systematic overhaul, so that we can educate much larger numbers without diluting academic standards. This is imperative because the transformation of economy and society in the 21st century would depend, in significant part, on the spread and the quality of education among our people, particularly in the sphere of higher education. It is only an inclusive society that can provide the foundations for a knowledge society.
The challenges that confront higher education in India are clear. It needs a massive expansion of opportunities for higher education, to 1500 universities nationwide, that would enable India to attain a gross enrolment ratio of at least 15 per cent by 2015. It is just as important to raise the average quality of higher education in every sphere. At the same time, it is essential to create institutions that are exemplars of excellence at par with the best in the world. In the pursuit of these objectives, providing people with access to higher education in a socially inclusive manner is imperative. The realisation of these objectives, combined with access, would not only develop the skills and capabilities we need for the economy but would also help transform India into a knowledge economy and society.
Q.
The principal focus of the passage is
Directions : The questions in this section are based on a single passage. The questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Kindly note that more than one of the choices may conceivably answer some of the questions. However, you are to choose the most appropriate answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question.
The spread of education in society is at the foundation of success in countries that are latecomers to development. In the quest for development, primary education is absolutely essential because it creates the base. But higher education is just as important, for it provides the cutting edge. And universities are the life-blood of higher education. Islands of excellence in professional education, such as Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), are valuable complements but-cannot be substitutes for universities which provide educational opportunities for people at large.
There can be no doubt that higher education has made a significant contribution to economic development, social progress and political democracy in independent India. It is a source of dynamism for the economy. It has created social opportunities for people. It has fostered the vibrant democracy in our polity. It has provided a beginning for the creation of a knowledge society. But it would be a mistake to focus on its strengths alone. It has weaknesses that are a cause for serious concern.
There is, in fact, a quiet crisis in higher education in India that runs deep. It is not yet discernible simply because there are pockets of excellence, an enormous reservoir of talented young people and an intense competition in the admissions process. And, in some important spheres, we continue to reap the benefits of what was sown in higher education 50 years ago by the founding fathers of the Republic. The reality is that we have miles to go. The proportion of our population, in the age group 18-24, that enters the world of higher education is around 7 per cent, which is only one-half the average for Asia. The opportunities for higher education, in terms of the number of places in universities, are simply not enough in relation to our needs. What is more, the quality of higher education in most of our universities requires substantial improvement.
It is clear that the system of higher education in India faces serious challenges. It needs a systematic overhaul, so that we can educate much larger numbers without diluting academic standards. This is imperative because the transformation of economy and society in the 21st century would depend, in significant part, on the spread and the quality of education among our people, particularly in the sphere of higher education. It is only an inclusive society that can provide the foundations for a knowledge society.
The challenges that confront higher education in India are clear. It needs a massive expansion of opportunities for higher education, to 1500 universities nationwide, that would enable India to attain a gross enrolment ratio of at least 15 per cent by 2015. It is just as important to raise the average quality of higher education in every sphere. At the same time, it is essential to create institutions that are exemplars of excellence at par with the best in the world. In the pursuit of these objectives, providing people with access to higher education in a socially inclusive manner is imperative. The realisation of these objectives, combined with access, would not only develop the skills and capabilities we need for the economy but would also help transform India into a knowledge economy and society.
Q.
The style of the passage can be best described as
Directions : The questions in this section are based on a single passage. The questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Kindly note that more than one of the choices may conceivably answer some of the questions. However, you are to choose the most appropriate answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question.
The spread of education in society is at the foundation of success in countries that are latecomers to development. In the quest for development, primary education is absolutely essential because it creates the base. But higher education is just as important, for it provides the cutting edge. And universities are the life-blood of higher education. Islands of excellence in professional education, such as Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), are valuable complements but-cannot be substitutes for universities which provide educational opportunities for people at large.
There can be no doubt that higher education has made a significant contribution to economic development, social progress and political democracy in independent India. It is a source of dynamism for the economy. It has created social opportunities for people. It has fostered the vibrant democracy in our polity. It has provided a beginning for the creation of a knowledge society. But it would be a mistake to focus on its strengths alone. It has weaknesses that are a cause for serious concern.
There is, in fact, a quiet crisis in higher education in India that runs deep. It is not yet discernible simply because there are pockets of excellence, an enormous reservoir of talented young people and an intense competition in the admissions process. And, in some important spheres, we continue to reap the benefits of what was sown in higher education 50 years ago by the founding fathers of the Republic. The reality is that we have miles to go. The proportion of our population, in the age group 18-24, that enters the world of higher education is around 7 per cent, which is only one-half the average for Asia. The opportunities for higher education, in terms of the number of places in universities, are simply not enough in relation to our needs. What is more, the quality of higher education in most of our universities requires substantial improvement.
It is clear that the system of higher education in India faces serious challenges. It needs a systematic overhaul, so that we can educate much larger numbers without diluting academic standards. This is imperative because the transformation of economy and society in the 21st century would depend, in significant part, on the spread and the quality of education among our people, particularly in the sphere of higher education. It is only an inclusive society that can provide the foundations for a knowledge society.
The challenges that confront higher education in India are clear. It needs a massive expansion of opportunities for higher education, to 1500 universities nationwide, that would enable India to attain a gross enrolment ratio of at least 15 per cent by 2015. It is just as important to raise the average quality of higher education in every sphere. At the same time, it is essential to create institutions that are exemplars of excellence at par with the best in the world. In the pursuit of these objectives, providing people with access to higher education in a socially inclusive manner is imperative. The realisation of these objectives, combined with access, would not only develop the skills and capabilities we need for the economy but would also help transform India into a knowledge economy and society.
Q.
What kind of society can provide the foundation for a knowledge society?
Directions : The questions in this section are based on a single passage. The questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Kindly note that more than one of the choices may conceivably answer some of the questions. However, you are to choose the most appropriate answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question.
The spread of education in society is at the foundation of success in countries that are latecomers to development. In the quest for development, primary education is absolutely essential because it creates the base. But higher education is just as important, for it provides the cutting edge. And universities are the life-blood of higher education. Islands of excellence in professional education, such as Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), are valuable complements but-cannot be substitutes for universities which provide educational opportunities for people at large.
There can be no doubt that higher education has made a significant contribution to economic development, social progress and political democracy in independent India. It is a source of dynamism for the economy. It has created social opportunities for people. It has fostered the vibrant democracy in our polity. It has provided a beginning for the creation of a knowledge society. But it would be a mistake to focus on its strengths alone. It has weaknesses that are a cause for serious concern.
There is, in fact, a quiet crisis in higher education in India that runs deep. It is not yet discernible simply because there are pockets of excellence, an enormous reservoir of talented young people and an intense competition in the admissions process. And, in some important spheres, we continue to reap the benefits of what was sown in higher education 50 years ago by the founding fathers of the Republic. The reality is that we have miles to go. The proportion of our population, in the age group 18-24, that enters the world of higher education is around 7 per cent, which is only one-half the average for Asia. The opportunities for higher education, in terms of the number of places in universities, are simply not enough in relation to our needs. What is more, the quality of higher education in most of our universities requires substantial improvement.
It is clear that the system of higher education in India faces serious challenges. It needs a systematic overhaul, so that we can educate much larger numbers without diluting academic standards. This is imperative because the transformation of economy and society in the 21st century would depend, in significant part, on the spread and the quality of education among our people, particularly in the sphere of higher education. It is only an inclusive society that can provide the foundations for a knowledge society.
The challenges that confront higher education in India are clear. It needs a massive expansion of opportunities for higher education, to 1500 universities nationwide, that would enable India to attain a gross enrolment ratio of at least 15 per cent by 2015. It is just as important to raise the average quality of higher education in every sphere. At the same time, it is essential to create institutions that are exemplars of excellence at par with the best in the world. In the pursuit of these objectives, providing people with access to higher education in a socially inclusive manner is imperative. The realisation of these objectives, combined with access, would not only develop the skills and capabilities we need for the economy but would also help transform India into a knowledge economy and society.
Q.
According to the passage, which one of the following is INCORRECT?
Directions : The questions in this section are based on a single passage. The questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Kindly note that more than one of the choices may conceivably answer some of the questions. However, you are to choose the most appropriate answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question.
The spread of education in society is at the foundation of success in countries that are latecomers to development. In the quest for development, primary education is absolutely essential because it creates the base. But higher education is just as important, for it provides the cutting edge. And universities are the life-blood of higher education. Islands of excellence in professional education, such as Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), are valuable complements but-cannot be substitutes for universities which provide educational opportunities for people at large.
There can be no doubt that higher education has made a significant contribution to economic development, social progress and political democracy in independent India. It is a source of dynamism for the economy. It has created social opportunities for people. It has fostered the vibrant democracy in our polity. It has provided a beginning for the creation of a knowledge society. But it would be a mistake to focus on its strengths alone. It has weaknesses that are a cause for serious concern.
There is, in fact, a quiet crisis in higher education in India that runs deep. It is not yet discernible simply because there are pockets of excellence, an enormous reservoir of talented young people and an intense competition in the admissions process. And, in some important spheres, we continue to reap the benefits of what was sown in higher education 50 years ago by the founding fathers of the Republic. The reality is that we have miles to go. The proportion of our population, in the age group 18-24, that enters the world of higher education is around 7 per cent, which is only one-half the average for Asia. The opportunities for higher education, in terms of the number of places in universities, are simply not enough in relation to our needs. What is more, the quality of higher education in most of our universities requires substantial improvement.
It is clear that the system of higher education in India faces serious challenges. It needs a systematic overhaul, so that we can educate much larger numbers without diluting academic standards. This is imperative because the transformation of economy and society in the 21st century would depend, in significant part, on the spread and the quality of education among our people, particularly in the sphere of higher education. It is only an inclusive society that can provide the foundations for a knowledge society.
The challenges that confront higher education in India are clear. It needs a massive expansion of opportunities for higher education, to 1500 universities nationwide, that would enable India to attain a gross enrolment ratio of at least 15 per cent by 2015. It is just as important to raise the average quality of higher education in every sphere. At the same time, it is essential to create institutions that are exemplars of excellence at par with the best in the world. In the pursuit of these objectives, providing people with access to higher education in a socially inclusive manner is imperative. The realisation of these objectives, combined with access, would not only develop the skills and capabilities we need for the economy but would also help transform India into a knowledge economy and society.
Q.
According to the passage, the current state of affairs of higher education in India is
Directions : The questions in this section are based on a single passage. The questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Kindly note that more than one of the choices may conceivably answer some of the questions. However, you are to choose the most appropriate answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question.
The spread of education in society is at the foundation of success in countries that are latecomers to development. In the quest for development, primary education is absolutely essential because it creates the base. But higher education is just as important, for it provides the cutting edge. And universities are the life-blood of higher education. Islands of excellence in professional education, such as Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), are valuable complements but-cannot be substitutes for universities which provide educational opportunities for people at large.
There can be no doubt that higher education has made a significant contribution to economic development, social progress and political democracy in independent India. It is a source of dynamism for the economy. It has created social opportunities for people. It has fostered the vibrant democracy in our polity. It has provided a beginning for the creation of a knowledge society. But it would be a mistake to focus on its strengths alone. It has weaknesses that are a cause for serious concern.
There is, in fact, a quiet crisis in higher education in India that runs deep. It is not yet discernible simply because there are pockets of excellence, an enormous reservoir of talented young people and an intense competition in the admissions process. And, in some important spheres, we continue to reap the benefits of what was sown in higher education 50 years ago by the founding fathers of the Republic. The reality is that we have miles to go. The proportion of our population, in the age group 18-24, that enters the world of higher education is around 7 per cent, which is only one-half the average for Asia. The opportunities for higher education, in terms of the number of places in universities, are simply not enough in relation to our needs. What is more, the quality of higher education in most of our universities requires substantial improvement.
It is clear that the system of higher education in India faces serious challenges. It needs a systematic overhaul, so that we can educate much larger numbers without diluting academic standards. This is imperative because the transformation of economy and society in the 21st century would depend, in significant part, on the spread and the quality of education among our people, particularly in the sphere of higher education. It is only an inclusive society that can provide the foundations for a knowledge society.
The challenges that confront higher education in India are clear. It needs a massive expansion of opportunities for higher education, to 1500 universities nationwide, that would enable India to attain a gross enrolment ratio of at least 15 per cent by 2015. It is just as important to raise the average quality of higher education in every sphere. At the same time, it is essential to create institutions that are exemplars of excellence at par with the best in the world. In the pursuit of these objectives, providing people with access to higher education in a socially inclusive manner is imperative. The realisation of these objectives, combined with access, would not only develop the skills and capabilities we need for the economy but would also help transform India into a knowledge economy and society.
Q.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a challenge that confronts higher education in lndia?
Directions : The questions in this section are based on a single passage. The questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Kindly note that more than one of the choices may conceivably answer some of the questions. However, you are to choose the most appropriate answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question.
The spread of education in society is at the foundation of success in countries that are latecomers to development. In the quest for development, primary education is absolutely essential because it creates the base. But higher education is just as important, for it provides the cutting edge. And universities are the life-blood of higher education. Islands of excellence in professional education, such as Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), are valuable complements but-cannot be substitutes for universities which provide educational opportunities for people at large.
There can be no doubt that higher education has made a significant contribution to economic development, social progress and political democracy in independent India. It is a source of dynamism for the economy. It has created social opportunities for people. It has fostered the vibrant democracy in our polity. It has provided a beginning for the creation of a knowledge society. But it would be a mistake to focus on its strengths alone. It has weaknesses that are a cause for serious concern.
There is, in fact, a quiet crisis in higher education in India that runs deep. It is not yet discernible simply because there are pockets of excellence, an enormous reservoir of talented young people and an intense competition in the admissions process. And, in some important spheres, we continue to reap the benefits of what was sown in higher education 50 years ago by the founding fathers of the Republic. The reality is that we have miles to go. The proportion of our population, in the age group 18-24, that enters the world of higher education is around 7 per cent, which is only one-half the average for Asia. The opportunities for higher education, in terms of the number of places in universities, are simply not enough in relation to our needs. What is more, the quality of higher education in most of our universities requires substantial improvement.
It is clear that the system of higher education in India faces serious challenges. It needs a systematic overhaul, so that we can educate much larger numbers without diluting academic standards. This is imperative because the transformation of economy and society in the 21st century would depend, in significant part, on the spread and the quality of education among our people, particularly in the sphere of higher education. It is only an inclusive society that can provide the foundations for a knowledge society.
The challenges that confront higher education in India are clear. It needs a massive expansion of opportunities for higher education, to 1500 universities nationwide, that would enable India to attain a gross enrolment ratio of at least 15 per cent by 2015. It is just as important to raise the average quality of higher education in every sphere. At the same time, it is essential to create institutions that are exemplars of excellence at par with the best in the world. In the pursuit of these objectives, providing people with access to higher education in a socially inclusive manner is imperative. The realisation of these objectives, combined with access, would not only develop the skills and capabilities we need for the economy but would also help transform India into a knowledge economy and society.
Q.
According to the passage, which of the following is CORRECT?
Directions : The questions in this section are based on a single passage. The questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Kindly note that more than one of the choices may conceivably answer some of the questions. However, you are to choose the most appropriate answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question.
The spread of education in society is at the foundation of success in countries that are latecomers to development. In the quest for development, primary education is absolutely essential because it creates the base. But higher education is just as important, for it provides the cutting edge. And universities are the life-blood of higher education. Islands of excellence in professional education, such as Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), are valuable complements but-cannot be substitutes for universities which provide educational opportunities for people at large.
There can be no doubt that higher education has made a significant contribution to economic development, social progress and political democracy in independent India. It is a source of dynamism for the economy. It has created social opportunities for people. It has fostered the vibrant democracy in our polity. It has provided a beginning for the creation of a knowledge society. But it would be a mistake to focus on its strengths alone. It has weaknesses that are a cause for serious concern.
There is, in fact, a quiet crisis in higher education in India that runs deep. It is not yet discernible simply because there are pockets of excellence, an enormous reservoir of talented young people and an intense competition in the admissions process. And, in some important spheres, we continue to reap the benefits of what was sown in higher education 50 years ago by the founding fathers of the Republic. The reality is that we have miles to go. The proportion of our population, in the age group 18-24, that enters the world of higher education is around 7 per cent, which is only one-half the average for Asia. The opportunities for higher education, in terms of the number of places in universities, are simply not enough in relation to our needs. What is more, the quality of higher education in most of our universities requires substantial improvement.
It is clear that the system of higher education in India faces serious challenges. It needs a systematic overhaul, so that we can educate much larger numbers without diluting academic standards. This is imperative because the transformation of economy and society in the 21st century would depend, in significant part, on the spread and the quality of education among our people, particularly in the sphere of higher education. It is only an inclusive society that can provide the foundations for a knowledge society.
The challenges that confront higher education in India are clear. It needs a massive expansion of opportunities for higher education, to 1500 universities nationwide, that would enable India to attain a gross enrolment ratio of at least 15 per cent by 2015. It is just as important to raise the average quality of higher education in every sphere. At the same time, it is essential to create institutions that are exemplars of excellence at par with the best in the world. In the pursuit of these objectives, providing people with access to higher education in a socially inclusive manner is imperative. The realisation of these objectives, combined with access, would not only develop the skills and capabilities we need for the economy but would also help transform India into a knowledge economy and society.
Q.
Should the entire university system in India be modelled on premier institutes, such as, IITs and IIMs. providing professional education?
Directions : The questions in this section are based on a single passage. The questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Kindly note that more than one of the choices may conceivably answer some of the questions. However, you are to choose the most appropriate answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question.
The spread of education in society is at the foundation of success in countries that are latecomers to development. In the quest for development, primary education is absolutely essential because it creates the base. But higher education is just as important, for it provides the cutting edge. And universities are the life-blood of higher education. Islands of excellence in professional education, such as Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), are valuable complements but-cannot be substitutes for universities which provide educational opportunities for people at large.
There can be no doubt that higher education has made a significant contribution to economic development, social progress and political democracy in independent India. It is a source of dynamism for the economy. It has created social opportunities for people. It has fostered the vibrant democracy in our polity. It has provided a beginning for the creation of a knowledge society. But it would be a mistake to focus on its strengths alone. It has weaknesses that are a cause for serious concern.
There is, in fact, a quiet crisis in higher education in India that runs deep. It is not yet discernible simply because there are pockets of excellence, an enormous reservoir of talented young people and an intense competition in the admissions process. And, in some important spheres, we continue to reap the benefits of what was sown in higher education 50 years ago by the founding fathers of the Republic. The reality is that we have miles to go. The proportion of our population, in the age group 18-24, that enters the world of higher education is around 7 per cent, which is only one-half the average for Asia. The opportunities for higher education, in terms of the number of places in universities, are simply not enough in relation to our needs. What is more, the quality of higher education in most of our universities requires substantial improvement.
It is clear that the system of higher education in India faces serious challenges. It needs a systematic overhaul, so that we can educate much larger numbers without diluting academic standards. This is imperative because the transformation of economy and society in the 21st century would depend, in significant part, on the spread and the quality of education among our people, particularly in the sphere of higher education. It is only an inclusive society that can provide the foundations for a knowledge society.
The challenges that confront higher education in India are clear. It needs a massive expansion of opportunities for higher education, to 1500 universities nationwide, that would enable India to attain a gross enrolment ratio of at least 15 per cent by 2015. It is just as important to raise the average quality of higher education in every sphere. At the same time, it is essential to create institutions that are exemplars of excellence at par with the best in the world. In the pursuit of these objectives, providing people with access to higher education in a socially inclusive manner is imperative. The realisation of these objectives, combined with access, would not only develop the skills and capabilities we need for the economy but would also help transform India into a knowledge economy and society.
Q.
What is the antonym of the expression "cutting edge" ?
Directions : The questions in this section are based on a single passage. The questions are to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Kindly note that more than one of the choices may conceivably answer some of the questions. However, you are to choose the most appropriate answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question.
The spread of education in society is at the foundation of success in countries that are latecomers to development. In the quest for development, primary education is absolutely essential because it creates the base. But higher education is just as important, for it provides the cutting edge. And universities are the life-blood of higher education. Islands of excellence in professional education, such as Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs), are valuable complements but-cannot be substitutes for universities which provide educational opportunities for people at large.
There can be no doubt that higher education has made a significant contribution to economic development, social progress and political democracy in independent India. It is a source of dynamism for the economy. It has created social opportunities for people. It has fostered the vibrant democracy in our polity. It has provided a beginning for the creation of a knowledge society. But it would be a mistake to focus on its strengths alone. It has weaknesses that are a cause for serious concern.
There is, in fact, a quiet crisis in higher education in India that runs deep. It is not yet discernible simply because there are pockets of excellence, an enormous reservoir of talented young people and an intense competition in the admissions process. And, in some important spheres, we continue to reap the benefits of what was sown in higher education 50 years ago by the founding fathers of the Republic. The reality is that we have miles to go. The proportion of our population, in the age group 18-24, that enters the world of higher education is around 7 per cent, which is only one-half the average for Asia. The opportunities for higher education, in terms of the number of places in universities, are simply not enough in relation to our needs. What is more, the quality of higher education in most of our universities requires substantial improvement.
It is clear that the system of higher education in India faces serious challenges. It needs a systematic overhaul, so that we can educate much larger numbers without diluting academic standards. This is imperative because the transformation of economy and society in the 21st century would depend, in significant part, on the spread and the quality of education among our people, particularly in the sphere of higher education. It is only an inclusive society that can provide the foundations for a knowledge society.
The challenges that confront higher education in India are clear. It needs a massive expansion of opportunities for higher education, to 1500 universities nationwide, that would enable India to attain a gross enrolment ratio of at least 15 per cent by 2015. It is just as important to raise the average quality of higher education in every sphere. At the same time, it is essential to create institutions that are exemplars of excellence at par with the best in the world. In the pursuit of these objectives, providing people with access to higher education in a socially inclusive manner is imperative. The realisation of these objectives, combined with access, would not only develop the skills and capabilities we need for the economy but would also help transform India into a knowledge economy and society.
Q.
What is the meaning of the word "discemible" ?
If 80% of A = 20% of B and B = 5.1% of A, then the value of x is
The next number in the sequence is: 19, 29, 37, 43........
An unknown man is found murdered. The corpse has one gold plated tooth, right ear is pierced and a healed fracture of left hand thumb. A man with these characteristics is reported missing. What are the chances (probability) of the corpse being the missing man? (Given the occurrence of the gold-plated teeth in the area, 1 in 5000, left hand thumb fractures 1 in 20000 and of right ear pierces 1 in 100).
Value of 'A' in the expression,
5+12x10/(120/240) = Ax10 is
The Least Common Multiple (L.C.M.) of 0.12, 9.60 and 0.60 is
There are 30 boys and 40 girls in a class. If the average age of boys is 10 yr and average age of girls is 8 yr. Then the average age of the whole class is
A person spends 1/3 part of his income on food, 1/4 part on house rent and remaining Rs. 630 on other items. The house rent is
A person covers a certain distance by car at a speed of 30 km/h and comes back at a speed of 40 km/h. The average speed during the travel is
An employer reduces the number of employees in the ratio 8:5 and increases their wages in the ratio 7:9. Therefore, the overall wages bill is
Father is 3 yr. older than the mother and the mother's age is now twice the daughter's age. If the daughter is 20 yr. old now, then the father's age when the daughter was born is
A mixture of 40 L of alcohol and water contains 10% water. How much water should he added to this mixture so that the new mixture contains 20% water ?
'A' can do a piece of work in 20 days and 'B' can do the same work in 15 days. How long will they take to finish the work, if both work together ?
A man can row 5 km/h in still water. If the speed of the current is 1 km/h. it takes 3 h more in upstream than in the downstream for the same distance. The distance is
A starts a business with Rs 5000 and B joins the business 5 months later with an investment of Rs 6000. After a year, they earn a profit of RS 34000. Find the shares of A and B in the profit amount depending on their individual investment.
A farmer has some hens and some goats. If the total number of animal heads is 80 and the total number of animal feet is 200. What is the total number of goats?
A square field has its area equal to 324 m2. The perimeter of the field is
A closed metal box measure 30 cm x 20 cm x 10 cm. Thickness of the metal is 1 cm. The volume of the metal required to make the box is
The difference between the simple interest and the compound interest (compounded annually) on Rs. 2000 for 2 yr at 8% per annum will be
A dealer marked his goods 20% above the cost price and allows a discount of l0%. Then the gain percent is
now 20% hike means 100+20= 120 rupees
again 10% discount on 120 means 120-12=108
Therefore the gain amount is 108-100(original price)=8
8 is 8% of 100 therefore the gain percent is 100 :-)
A man went to the Reserve Bank of India with Rs 2000. He asked the cashier to give him Rs 10 and Rs 20 notes only in return. The man got 150 notes in all. How many notes of Rs 10 did he receive?
Which of the following Judges of the Supreme Court of India is famously known as the 'Green Judge' ?
Law Day is observed on
In which year, Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) was formed by the amalgamation of the Technical Development Establishment (TDE) of the Indian Army and the Directorate of Technical Development & Production (DTDP) with the Defence Science Organisation (DSO)
The Reserve Bank of India was established in the year
Lord Buddha's image is sometimes shown with the hand gesture, called 'Bhumisparsha Mudra'. It signifies
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about Fundamental Duties under the Constitution of India? It shall be the duty of every citizen of India
Which one of the following scripts of ancient India was mostly written from right to left?
During the time of which Mughal Emperor did the East India Company establish its first factory in India?
Who, among the following, first translated the Bhagwat Gita into English?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists
Match List I with List 11 and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists
Who was not a Chief Justice of India?
Who was the first Attomey-General for India?
Under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, the Civil Disobedience Movement. launched in 1930, started from?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists
Which of the following planets has the maximum number of natural satellites?
In India, the interest rate on savings accounts in all the nationalised commercial banks is fixed by?
Solvents are the substances used to dissolve other substances. Consider the following substances
(1) Water
(2) Ether
(3) Toluene
(4) Chloroform
(5) Ethanol
Which of the above can be used as solvents?
Viruses are parasitic, having DNA/RNA but, they can be crystallised and lack respiration. Therefore, they are treated as
Who is the winner of the coveted Dadasaheb Phalke Award for the year 2013?
Who among the following has been recently appointed as brand ambassador for Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)
Till date (2014), how many people have been awarded the Bharat Ratna Award?
Which country Malala Yousafzai belongs to?
Who recently became the first woman chief of the State Bank of India?
Who is the Chairman of the 14th Finance Commission?
The Chairperson of the Seventh Pay Commission is
Which one of the following is NOT correctly matched?
The First Five Year Plan of India was based on
Which one of the following measures is NOT likely to aid in improving lndia's balance of payment position?
Find out the correct chronological sequence of the following 'persons' visit to India at one time or another
(1) Fa-Hien
(2) I-Tsing (Yijing)
(3) Megasthanese
(4) Hiuen-Tsang
Which was the first newspaper to be published in India?
The change in the colour of stars is linked to
Which one of the following does NOT remain to be a planet now?
Who was appointed as the 23rd Governor of the Reserve Bank of India?
On 11 January 2013, Urjit Patel was appointed as Deputy Governor of RBI for a period of three years.He took over charge of the vital Monetary Policy Department, succeeding Subir Gokarn to the post.On 20 August 2016, he was appointed as the governor of Reserve Bank Of India(RBI) succeeding Raghuram Rajan.
Which one of following offices is held during the pleasure of the President of India?
Who was the first winner of the prestigious Jnanpith Award?
Match List I with List II and choose the correct answer
Who was among the following honoured with Arjun Award in Chess for the year 2013?
Economic growth rate projected by the IMF for India in the fiscal year 2014-15 is
Who was sworn in as the Prime Minister of Italy on 22nd February 2014?
Which one of following is the highest peacetime gallantry award of India?
Which one of the following gases is lighter than air?
Name the scientist who is known as the father of modern genetics
Which year was designated by the United Nations as International Women's Year?
Mention the correct abbreviation for ATM
General Election is being held in India from 7 April to 12 May 2014 to constitute
Mention the name of the current Chief Justice of India
The 9th Ministerial Conference of the WTO, held during 3 December - 6 December 2013, was concluded at
Nobel Prize in Literature for the year 2013 was awarded to
Which one of the following satellites was successfully launched by the ISRO's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C24) on 4th April 2014?
Directions : Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given below
Five friends Satish, Rajesh, Rehman, Rakesh, and Vineet. Each presents one paper to their class on Physics, Zoology, Botany, English, or Geology one day a week, Monday through Friday.
(i) Vineet does not present English and does not give his presentation on Tuesday.
(ii) Rajesh makes the Geology presentation, and does not do it on Monday or Friday.
(iii) The Physics presentation is made on Thursday.
(iv) Rehman makes his presentation, which is not on English, on Wednesday.
(v) The Botany presentation is on Friday, and not by Rakesh.
(vi) Satish makes his presentation on Monday.
Q.
What day is the English presentation made?
Directions : Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given below
Five friends Satish, Rajesh, Rehman, Rakesh, and Vineet. Each presents one paper to their class on Physics, Zoology, Botany, English, or Geology one day a week, Monday through Friday.
(i) Vineet does not present English and does not give his presentation on Tuesday.
(ii) Rajesh makes the Geology presentation, and does not do it on Monday or Friday.
(iii) The Physics presentation is made on Thursday.
(iv) Rehman makes his presentation, which is not on English, on Wednesday.
(v) The Botany presentation is on Friday, and not by Rakesh.
(vi) Satish makes his presentation on Monday.
Q.
What presentation does Vineet do?
Directions : Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given below
Five friends Satish, Rajesh, Rehman, Rakesh, and Vineet. Each presents one paper to their class on Physics, Zoology, Botany, English, or Geology one day a week, Monday through Friday.
(i) Vineet does not present English and does not give his presentation on Tuesday.
(ii) Rajesh makes the Geology presentation, and does not do it on Monday or Friday.
(iii) The Physics presentation is made on Thursday.
(iv) Rehman makes his presentation, which is not on English, on Wednesday.
(v) The Botany presentation is on Friday, and not by Rakesh.
(vi) Satish makes his presentation on Monday.
Q.
What day does Rakesh make his presentation on?
Directions : Each question contains a statement on relationship and a question regarding relationship based on the statement. Choose the correct option.
Q.
Pointing to a photograph, a man said, "I have no brother or sister but that man's father is my father's son". Whose photograph was that?
Directions : Each question contains a statement on relationship and a question regarding relationship based on the statement. Choose the correct option.
Q.
Ranjan introduces Abhay as the son of the only brother of his father's wife. How is Abhay related to Ranjan?
Directions : Each question contains a statement on relationship and a question regarding relationship based on the statement. Choose the correct option.
Q.
Pointing to a lady on the stage, Bhumika said. "She is the sister of the son of the wife of my husband". How is the lady related to Bhumika?
Directions : Each question contains a statement on relationship and a question regarding relationship based on the statement. Choose the correct option.
Q.
Pinky, who is Victor's daughter, says to Lucy, "Your mother Rosy is the younger sister of my father, who is the third child of Joseph". How is Joseph related to Lucy?
Directions : Each question contains a statement on relationship and a question regarding relationship based on the statement. Choose the correct option.
Q.
Pramod told Vinod, “Yesterday I defeated the only brother of the daughter of my grandmother”. Whom did Promod defeat?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
(i) In a family of six persons. there are people from three generations. Each person has separate profession and also each one likes different colours. There are two couples in the family.
(ii) Charan is a CA and his wife neither is a doctor nor likes green colour.
(iii) Engineer likes red colour and his wife is a teacher.
(iv) Vanita is mother-in-law of Namita and she likes orange colour.
(v) Mohan is grandfather of Raman and Raman, who is a principal, likes black colour.
(vi) Sarita is granddaughter of Vanita and she likes blue colour. Sarita's mother likes white colour.
Q.
Who is an Engineer?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
Five friends Satish. Rajesh, Rehman. Rakesh. and Vineet. – each presents one paper to their class on Physics. Zoology, Botany, English, or Geology – one day a week. Monday through Friday.
(i) Vineet does not present English and does not give his presentation on Tuesday.
(ii) Rajesh makes the Geology presentation, and does not do it on Monday or Friday.
(iii) The Physics presentation is made on Thursday.
(iv) Rehman makes his presentation, which is not on English, on Wednesday.
(v) The Botany presentation is on Friday, and not by Rakesh.
(vi) Satish makes his presentation on Monday.
What presentation does Vineet do„?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
Five friends Satish, Rajesh, Rehman, Rakesh, and Vineet. Each presents one paper to their class on Physics, Zoology, Botany, English, or Geology one day a week, Monday through Friday.
(i) Vineet does not present English and does not give his presentation on Tuesday.
(ii) Rajesh makes the Geology presentation, and does not do it on Monday or Friday.
(iii) The Physics presentation is made on Thursday.
(iv) Rehman makes his presentation, which is not on English, on Wednesday.
(v) The Botany presentation is on Friday, and not by Rakesh.
(vi) Satish makes his presentation on Monday.
Q.
Which of the following is the correct pair of two couples?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
Five friends Satish, Rajesh, Rehman, Rakesh, and Vineet. Each presents one paper to their class on Physics, Zoology, Botany, English, or Geology one day a week, Monday through Friday.
(i) Vineet does not present English and does not give his presentation on Tuesday.
(ii) Rajesh makes the Geology presentation, and does not do it on Monday or Friday.
(iii) The Physics presentation is made on Thursday.
(iv) Rehman makes his presentation, which is not on English, on Wednesday.
(v) The Botany presentation is on Friday, and not by Rakesh.
(vi) Satish makes his presentation on Monday.
Q.
How many ladies are there in the family?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
Five friends Satish, Rajesh, Rehman, Rakesh, and Vineet. Each presents one paper to their class on Physics, Zoology, Botany, English, or Geology one day a week, Monday through Friday.
(i) Vineet does not present English and does not give his presentation on Tuesday.
(ii) Rajesh makes the Geology presentation, and does not do it on Monday or Friday.
(iii) The Physics presentation is made on Thursday.
(iv) Rehman makes his presentation, which is not on English, on Wednesday.
(v) The Botany presentation is on Friday, and not by Rakesh.
(vi) Satish makes his presentation on Monday.
Q.
Which colour is liked by CA?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
Two buses start from the opposite points of a main road, 150 kms apart. The first bus runs for 25 kms and takes a right turn and then runs for 15 kms. It then turns left and runs for another 25 kms and takes the direction back to reach the main road. In the meantime. due to a minor breakdown, the other bus has run only 35 kms along the main road. What would be the distance between the two buses at this point?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N' are sitting around a round table in the same order for group discussion at equal distances. Their positions are clock wise. If 'M' sits in the north, then what will be the position of 'J'?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
Roshan, Vaibhav, Vinay and Sumit are playing cards. Roshan and Vaibhav are partners. Sumit faces towards North. If Roshan faces towards West. then who faces towards South?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
Five boys are standing in a row facing East. Pavan is to the left of Tavan, Vipin, Chavan. Tavan, Vipin, Chavan are to the left of Nakul. Chavan is between Tavan and Vipin. If Vipin is fourth from the left, then how far is Tavan from the right?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
One morning after sunrise, Suraj was standing facing a pole. The shadow of the pole fell exactly to his right. Which direction was Suraj facing?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
Diana is three times older than Jackson; Edward is half the age of Stephen, Jackson is older than Edward.
Q.
Which one of the following can be inferred?
Directions : Read the information given below to answer the questions.
Diana is three times older than Jackson; Edward is half the age of Stephen, Jackson is older than Edward.
Q.
Which one of the following information will be sufficient to estimate Diana's age?
Directions : Study the sequence/pattern of letters or numbers carefully to work out the pattern on which it is based, and answer what the next item in the sequence must be. For example, the sequence 'A, C, E, G, ?' has odd numbered letters of alphabet; therefore, the next item must be 'I'.
Q.
0, 3, 8, 15, ?.
Directions : Study the sequence/pattern of letters or numbers carefully to work out the pattern on which it is based, and answer what the next item in the sequence must be. For example, the sequence 'A, C, E, G, ?' has odd numbered letters of alphabet; therefore, the next item must be 'I'.
Q.
8,16, 28, 44, ?.
Directions : Study the sequence/pattern of letters or numbers carefully to work out the pattern on which it is based, and answer what the next item in the sequence must be. For example, the sequence 'A, C, E, G, ?' has odd numbered letters of alphabet; therefore, the next item must be 'I'.
Q.
0, 6, 24, 60, 120, 210, ?.
Directions : Study the sequence/pattern of letters or numbers carefully to work out the pattern on which it is based, and answer what the next item in the sequence must be. For example, the sequence 'A, C, E, G, ?' has odd numbered letters of alphabet; therefore, the next item must be 'I'.
Q.
POQ, SRT, VUW, ?.
Directions : Study the sequence/pattern of letters or numbers carefully to work out the pattern on which it is based, and answer what the next item in the sequence must be. For example, the sequence 'A, C, E, G, ?' has odd numbered letters of alphabet; therefore, the next item must be 'I'.
Q.
A1, C3, F6, J10, O15, ?.
Directions : Two words, which have a certain relation, are paired. Select a correct option to substitute the question mark so as to make a similar relational pair with the word given after double colon
Q.
Bow : Arrow :: Pistol
Directions : Two words, which have a certain relation, are paired. Select a correct option to substitute the question mark so as to make a similar relational pair with the word given after double colon
Q.
Eye : Wink :: Heart:
Directions : Two words, which have a certain relation, are paired. Select a correct option to substitute the question mark so as to make a similar relational pair with the word given after double colon
Q.
Ocean : Water :: Glacier : ?
Directions : Two words, which have a certain relation, are paired. Select a correct option to substitute the question mark so as to make a similar relational pair with the word given after double colon
Q.
Prima facie : On the first view :: In pari delicto : ?
Directions : Two words, which have a certain relation, are paired. Select a correct option to substitute the question mark so as to make a similar relational pair with the word given after double colon
Q.
Delusion : hallucination :: Chagrin : ?
Directions : Question comprises two statements (numbered as I and II). You have to take the statements as true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follow from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
(I) All contracts are agreements.
(II) All agreements are accepted offers.
Q.
Which of the following derivations is correct?
Directions : Question comprises two statements (numbered as I and II). You have to take the statements as true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follow from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
(I) Some beautiful women are actresses.
(lI) All actresses are good dancers.
Q.
Which of the following derivations is correct?
Directions : Two statements are given below followed by two conclusions (I and II). You have to consider the two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. You have to decide which of the conclusions, if any, follow from the given statements.
Statements:
Some books are magazines.
Some magazines are novels.
Conclusions:
(I) Some books are novels.
(II) Some novels are magazines.
Directions : Two statements are given below followed by two conclusions (I and II). You have to consider the two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. You have to decide which of the conclusions, if any, follow from the given statements.
Statements:
All students like excursions.
Some students go for higher education.
Conclusions:
(I) Students who go for higher education also like excursions.
(II) Some students do not go for higher education, but like excursions.
Directions : Two statements are given below followed by two conclusions (I and II). You have to consider the two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. You have to decide which of the conclusions, if any, follow from the given statements.
Statements:
All good hockey players are in the Indian Hockey team.
'X' is not a good hockey player.
Conclusions:
(I) 'X' is not in the Indian Hockey team.
(II) 'X' wants to be in the Indian Hockey team.
Directions : In the following question, a related pair of words is followed by four pairs of words or phrases. Select the pair that best expresses a relationship similar to the one expressed in the question pair.
Q.
India : Tricolour
Directions : In the following question, a related pair of words is followed by four pairs of words or phrases. Select the pair that best expresses a relationship similar to the one expressed in the question pair.
Q.
Statute : Law
Directions : In the following question, a related pair of words is followed by four pairs of words or phrases. Select the pair that best expresses a relationship similar to the one expressed in the question pair.
Q.
Buddhists : Pagoda
Directions : question consists of five statements (a-e) followed by options consisting of three statements put together in a specific order. Choose the option which indicates a valid argument; that is, where the third statement is a conclusion drawn from the preceding two statements.
a. Law graduates are in great demand.
b. Rajesh and Krishna are in great demand.
c. Rajesh is in great demand.
d. Krishna is in great demand.
e. Rajesh and Krishna are law graduates.
Choose the correct option
Directions : question consists of five statements (a-e) followed by options consisting of three statements put together in a specific order. Choose the option which indicates a valid argument; that is, where the third statement is a conclusion drawn from the preceding two statements.
a. All captains are great players.
b. Some captains are successful sports administrators.
c. Ritwik is a great player.
d. Ritwik is a captain and successful sports administrator.
e. Some successful sports administrators are great players.
Choose the correct option
Directions : This section consists of legal propositions/principles (here in after referred to as 'principle') and facts. These principles have to be applied to the given facts to arrive at the most reasonable conclusion. Such principles may or may not be true in the real sense, yet you have to conclusively assume them to be true for the purposes of this section. In other words, in answering the following questions, you must not rely on any principles except the principles that are given herein below for every question. Further, you must not assume any facts other than those stated in the question. The objective of this section is to test your interest towards study of law, research aptitude and problem solving ability even if the 'most reasonable conclusion' arrived at may be unacceptable for any other reason. It is not the object of this section to test your knowledge of law.
Principle: When one person signifies to another his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything, with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to such act or abstinence, he is said to make a proposal. The expression of willingness/desire results in a valid proposal only when it is made/addressed to some person(s).
Facts: 'X' makes the following statement in an uninhabited hall: 'I wish to sell my mobile phone for Rs 1,000'.
Q.
Which of the following, derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: A proposal (offer) should be made with an intention that after its valid acceptance, a legally binding promise or agreement will be created. The test for the determination of such intention is not subjective, rather it is objective. The intention of the parties is to be ascertained from the terms of the agreement and the surrounding circumstances under which such an agreement is entered into. As a general rule, in the case of arrangements regulating social relations, it follows as a matter of course that the parties do not intend legal consequences to follow. On the contrary, as a general rule, in the case of arrangements regulating business affairs, it follows as a matter of course that the parties intend legal consequences to follow. However, the above rules are just presumptive in nature, and hence, can be rebutted.
Facts: One morning while having breakfast, 'X' , the father, says to 'Y' (X's son), in a casual manner, 'I shall buy a motorbike for you if you get through the CLAT.'
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: Acceptance (of offer) must be communicated by the offeree to the offeror so as to give rise to a binding obligation. The expression 'by the offeree to the offeror' includes communication between their authorised agents.
Facts: 'X' made an offer to buy Y's property for a stipulated price. 'Y' accepted it and communicated his acceptance to 'Z' a stranger.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: Acceptance should be made while the offer is still subsisting. The offeror is free to retract his offer at any time before his offer gets accepted by the offeree. Once the offer is withdrawn or is lapsed, it is not open to be accepted so as to give rise to a contract. Similarly, if a time is prescribed within which the offer is to be accepted, then, the offer must be accepted within the prescribed time. And, if no time is prescribed, then, the acceptance must be made within a reasonable time. 'What is a reasonable time' is a question of fact which is to be determined by taking into account all the relevant facts and surrounding circumstances.
Facts: 'X' makes an offer to 'Y' to sell his equipment for Rs.1,000.00. No time is specified for the acceptance. 'Y' sends his reply two years after receiving the offer.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: Minor's agreement is void from the very beginning. It can never be validated. It cannot be enforced in the court of law.
Facts: 'A', a boy of 16 years of age, agrees to buy a camera from 'B' , who is a girl of 21 years of age.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: A contract which is duly supported by real and lawful consideration is valid notwithstanding the fact that the consideration is inadequate. The quantum of consideration is for the parties to decide at the time of making a contract, and not for the courts (to decide) when the contract is sought to be enforced. An agreement to which the consent of the promisor is freely given is not void merely because the consideration is inadequate; but the inadequacy of the consideration may be taken into account by the Court in determining the question whether the consent of the promisor was freely given.
Facts: 'A' agrees to sell his mobile phone worth Rs.20,000/- for 100/- only to 'B'. A's consent is freely given.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: The consideration or object of an agreement is unlawful if it is forbidden by law. Every agreement of which the object or consideration is unlawful is void.
Facts: 'X', promises to pay 'Y' Rs.50,000, if he ('Y') commits a crime. 'X' further promises to indemnify him ('Y') against any liability arising thereof. 'Y' agrees to act as per X's promise.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: The consideration or object of an agreement is unlawful if the Court regards it as opposed to public policy. Every agreement of which the object or consideration is unlawful is void.
Facts: 'X' promises to obtain for 'Y' an employment in the public service; and 'Y' promises to pay Rs.5,00,000/- to 'X'.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: Two or more persons are said to consent if they agree upon the same thing in the same sense. Consent is said to be free when it is not caused by coercion, or undue influence, or fraud, or misrepresentation, or mistake. When consent to an agreement is caused by coercion, undue influence, fraud or misrepresentation, the agreement is a contract voidable (rescindable or terminable) at the option of the party whose consent was so caused. However, when consent to an agreement is caused by mistake as to a matter of fact essential to the agreement, the agreement is void.
Facts: 'X' threatens to gun down 'Y', if he ('Y') does not sell his property worth Rs. 20,00,000/- for Rs 1,00,000/- only. As a consequence, 'Y' agrees to sell it as demanded by 'X'.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: Agreements in restraint of marriage are void.
Facts: 'X' enters into an agreement with 'Y' whereunder he agrees not to many anybody else other than a person whose name starts with the letter and promises to pay Rs. 1,00,000/- to 'Y' if he ('X') breaks this agreement.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: Vicarious liability is the liability of the Master or Principal for the tort committed by his servant or agent, provided the tort is committed in the course of employment. The Master or Principal is not liable for private wrongs of the servant/ agent.
Facts: 'X' hands over some cash money at his house to 'Y', who is his (X's) neighbour and is also, cashier in a bank, to be deposited in A's account in the bank. Instead of depositing the money, 'Y' misappropriates it.
Q. Which of the following statements depicts correct legal position in this given situation?
Principle: A person has no legal remedy for an injury caused by an act to which he has consented.
Facts: 'R', a cricket enthusiast, purchases a ticket to watch a T20 match organised by the Indian Premier League (IPL). During the match, a ball struck for six hits 'R' on his body, and injures him. He sues IPL for compensation for the medical expenses.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: Ignorance of law excuses no one.
Facts: 'X' fails to file his income tax returns for a considerable number of years. The Income Tax department serves upon him a 'show-cause notice' as to why proceedings should not be initiated against him for the recovery of the income tax due from him with interest and penalty.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: Damage without the violation of a legal right is not actionable in a court of law. If the interference with the rights of another person is not unlawful or unauthorised, but a necessary consequence of the exercise of defendant's own lawful rights, no action should lie.
Facts: There was an established school ('ES') in a particular locality. Subsequently, a new school ('NS') was set up in the same locality, which charged lower fees, on account of which people started patronising the new school. Because of the competition, 'ES' had to reduce its fees. 'ES' filed a case against 'NS' saying that 'NS' had caused it (TS') financial loss and, thus, claimed compensation.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: Whenever there is an invasion of a legal right, the person in whom the right is vested, is entitled to bring an action though he has suffered no actual loss or harm, and may recover damages (compensation).
Facts: 'A' was a qualified voter for the Lok Sabha election. However, a returning officer wrongfully refused to take A's vote. In spite of such wrongful refusal, the candidate, for whom 'A' wanted to vote, won the election. But, 'A' brought an action for damages:
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: In a civil action for defamation, truth of the defamatory matter is an absolute defence. However, the burden of proving truth is on the defendant; and he is liable if he does not successfully discharge this burden.
Facts: 'D', who was the editor of a local weekly, published a series of articles mentioning that 'P', who was a government servant, issued false certificates, accepted bribe, adopted corrupt and illegal means to mint money and was a 'mischief mongex'. 'P' brought a civil action against 'D', who could not prove the facts published by him.
Q. Under the circumstances, which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: A gift comprising both existing and future property is void as to the latter.
Facts: 'X' has a house which is owned by him. He contracted to purchase a plot of land adjacent to the said house,but the sale (of the plot of land) in his favour is yet to be completed. He makes a gift of both the properties (house and land) to 'Y'.
Q. Under the above-mentioned circumstances, which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: Caveat emptor, i.e. 'let the buyer beware' stands for the practical skill and judgment of the buyer in his choice of goods for purchase. It is the business of the buyer to judge for himself that what he buys has its use and worth for him. Once bought, and if the buy is not up to his expectations, then he alone is to blame and no one else.
Facts: For the purpose of making uniform for the employees, 'A' bought dark blue coloured cloth from 'B', but did not disclose to the seller ('B') the specific purpose of the said purchase. When uniforms were prepared and used by the employees, the cloth was found unfit. However, the cloth was fit for a variety of other purposes (such as, making caps, boots and carriage lining, etc).
Q. Applying the afore-stated principle, which of the following derivations is CORRECT as regards remedy available to 'A' in the given situation?
Principle: The transferor of goods cannot pass a better title than what he himself possesses.
Facts: 'X' sells a stolen bike to 'Y'. 'Y' buys it in good faith. As regards the title to bike.
Q. Which of the following derivations is CORRECT?
Principle: Negligence is a breach of duty or a failure of one party to exercise the standard of care required by law, resulting in damage to the party to whom the duty was owed. A plaintiff can take civil action against the respondent, if the respordent's negligence causes the plaintiff injury or loss of property.
Facts: 'D' went to a cafe and ordered and paid for a tin/can of soft drink. The tin was opaque, and, therefore, the contents could not be seen from outside. She ('D') consumed some of the contents and then lifted the tin to pour the remainder of the content into a tumbler. The remains of a snail in decomposed state dropped out of the tin into the tumbler. 'D' later complained of a stomach pain and her doctor diagnosed her as having gastroenteritis and being in a state of severe shock. She sued the manufacturer of the drink for negligence.
Q. Applying the afore-stated principle, which of the following derivations is CORRECT as regards liability of the manufacturer in the given situation?