HPSC PGT Chemistry Mock Test - 4 - HPSC TGT/PGT MCQ

Key Points

Rock cycle:​​

• Rocks do not remain in their original form for a long period.
• They undergo a transformation.
• This cycle is an uninterrupted process through which old rocks are converted into new ones.
• Igneous rocks are primary rocks.
• These rocks can be changed into metamorphic rocks.
• Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks are formed from these primary rocks.
• The fragments evolved out of metamorphic rocks and igneous again form into sedimentary rocks.
• Sedimentary rocks themselves can develop into fragments.
• The crustal rocks -igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary-once formed may be carried down into the interior of the Earth through subduction.
• In this process, parts or entire crustal plates subduct under another plate and the same melt at high temperatures in the interior.
• This results in the formation of molten magma, the unique source for igneous rocks.
• The process of transformation follows the steps,  'Igneous rocks - sediment - sedimentary rocks - metamorphic rocks - magma'​ 
• The image below clearly explains the rock cycle.

Hence, rock cycle is the process of transformation of rock from one to another

The correct answer is Kala Ramchandran.

• Kala Ramachandran: First Woman Police Commissioner, 1994-batch Indian Police Service (IPS) officer Kala Ramachandran took charge as Gurugram's first woman police commissioner on Tuesday.

Additional Information

• About Indian Police Service​
  • The Indian Police Service is a central civil service under the All India Services along with the Indian Administrative Service and the Indian Forest Service.
  • The IPS replaced the Indian Royal Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Raj.
  • The Indian Police Service was created under Article 312(2) in Part XIV of the Constitution of India.
  • Article 312 of the Constitution states that if the Rajya Sabha has declared by resolution supported by not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting, that it is necessary or expedient so to do in the national interest, Parliament may by law provide for the creation of one or more All India Services (including an All India Judicial Service) for the Union and the States.
  • IPS officers are recruited through the Civil Services Examination conducted by the UPSC (under Article 315-323 of the Constitution of India).

• Neeraj Chopra is an Indian athlete who competes in the javelin throw.
• He won a gold medal at the 2018 Asian Games and set a national record of 88.06 m.
• He also clinched a gold medal at the 2018 Commonwealth Games.
• He was also the champion of the 2016 IAAF World U20 Championship and set a world junior record of 86.48 m. 

The correct answer is Prevent stubble burning.

Key Points

• The Supreme Court had appointed Justice Madan B. Lokur committee in October 2020, to prevent stubble burning in the states of Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, amid rising levels of pollution in the national capital and adjoining regions.
  • ​Hence, option 2 is correct.
• He is a former judge of the Supreme court. 
• The Supreme Court also directed the appointment of the Environment Pollution Control Authority (EPCA).
• Chief secretaries of Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh were advised to help the Lokur panel with physical surveillance of fields to check instances of stubble burning and other related matters.
• It will get assistance from National Cadet Corps (NCC), National Service Scheme and Bharat Scouts.

'Dyslexia' is a term known for reading disorder. The person having this disorder faces difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols, but it is not related to general intelligence. It will not have any impact on a person's general intelligence. It is a hereditary disorder that mostly runs in families. Hence, the correct answer is, 'Reading disorder.'

The correct answer is Option A.
 
I, II and III structures have D configuration with -OH group on the lowest asymmetric carbon is on the right side which is comparable to (+) glyceraldehyde.

The expression for the change in internal energy is given by,
ΔU=q+w
q = heat absorbed = 200 J
w = work done = −P x V
=−2×10⁵ × 500×10⁻⁶
= −100 N - m
ΔU=200−100J= 100 J
Hence, the correct option is C.

The correct answer is option D

Determining Anodes when connected to the Standard Hydrogen Electrode

The Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is commonly used as a reference electrode in electrochemistry and has an electrode potential of 0V. The electrode with a lower reduction potential than the SHE will act as the anode (site of oxidation), while the electrode with a higher reduction potential than the SHE will act as the cathode (site of reduction).
A: Fe/Fe²⁺ E₀= − 0.44
The reduction potential of this electrode is lower than that of the SHE, so it will act as the anode when connected to the SHE.
B: Al/Al³⁺ E₀= - 1.66
The reduction potential of this electrode is lower than that of the SHE, so it will also act as the anode when connected to the SHE.
C: F₂(g)/2F⁻(aq) E₀= + 2.87
The reduction potential of this electrode is higher than that of the SHE, so it will act as the cathode, not the anode, when connected to the SHE.
D: Cu/Cu²⁺ E₀= + 0.34
The reduction potential of this electrode is higher than that of the SHE, so it will also act as the cathode, not the anode, when connected to the SHE.

Therefore, electrodes A: Fe/Fe²⁺ (E₀= − 0.44) and B: Al/Al³⁺ (E₀= - 1.66) will act as anodes when connected to the Standard Hydrogen Electrode.

The variability of oxidation state, a characteristic of transition element arises due to incomplete filling of d-orbitals.

It adsorbs the colour in solutions.

Cimetidine,zantac and ranitidine are antacids as they control the root cause of acidity These drugs prevent the interaction of histamine with the receptors present in the stomach walls Consequently there is a decrease in the amount of acid release by the stomach 

The tendency of an atom in a molecule to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself is called its electronegativity.
Electronegativity is a dimensionless property since it is only a tendency. It only indicates the net result of the tendencies of different elements to attract the bond forming electron pair.

Aggregation of colloidal particles into insoluble precipitate by addition of some suitable electrolyte is called coagulation.

CO₂ and BeH₂ possess linear geometry as well as linear shape , while H₂O possess traversal geometry and bent shape.NF₃ possess traversal geometry and trigonal pyramidal shape . Thus correct option is (c)

The correct answer is Option D
 When alum is added to raw water it reacts with the bicarbonates alkalinities present in water and forms a gelatinous precipitate.
It neutralizes all the suspended impurities of water resulting in their coagulation.

At planar carbonyl carbons, hydride ion attacks from both sides giving both stereomers. Hence, the product diols would be all stereomers of 2, 3 - butanediol.

Presence of either plane of symmetrical or centre of symmetry. Optical activity of one half of the molecule is exactely cancelled by other half and is internally compensated.

100g H₃P0₄ aqueous solution has 34g H₃P0₄

y = 3 = number of ions from one unit

i = van't Hoff factor = 1 + (y - 1)x = (1 + 2x)

Also, 10 mL of dibasic acid = 12mL of 0.1 N NaOH

N₁ (dibasic acid) = 0.12 g equivL^-1 

0.12 x equivalent weight = concentration = 10 g L^-1'

[Kr]4d¹⁰5s⁰

The correct answer is option b. It has a center of symmetry: This statement is incorrect. A center of symmetry requires that for every atom at a certain position, there is an identical atom at an equal distance but opposite in direction. The given compound lacks a center of symmetry

If CO₂ is passed through slaked lime(calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)₂), it gives out calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) also called marble/limestone.

CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂→ CaCO₃+ H₂O