HPSC PGT Chemistry Mock Test - 8 - HPSC TGT/PGT MCQ

The correct answer is 98.4° F,

Key Points

• The normal temperature of the human body is 37 °C (98.4° F). 
• A temperature above 100.4 °F(38°C) most often means you have a fever.
• Normal body temperature is also called the normal or core body temperature, which is based on Homeostasis.
• ​Homeostasis is a phenomenon in which the body regulates its functions to keep the internal conditions as stable as possible.
• The normal human body temperature border is typically stated as 36.5–37 °C (97.7–98.6 °F).
• Human body temperature depends on gender, age, time of day, exertion level, health status
  • Also in what part of the body the measurement is taken at.
• Body temperature is kept in the normal range by thermoregulation, in which adaptation of temperature is triggered by the central nervous system.

Thus, the Body temperature of a normal human being is 98.4° F.

The correct answer is Ethanol + Methanol​.

• Ethanol + Methanol​ is denatured alcohol.
• Denatured alcohol is ethanol that has additives to make it poisonous, bad-tasting, foul-smelling, or nauseating to discourage its recreational consumption.
• The term denatured alcohol refers to alcohol products adulterated with toxic and/or bad tasting additives (e.g., methanol, benzene, pyridine, castor oil, gasoline, isopropyl alcohol, and acetone), making it unsuitable for human consumption.
• The most common additive used is methanol (5–10%), giving rise to the term methylated spirits. Denatured alcohol is used as a lower-cost solvent or fuel for home-scale or industrial use.

Key Points

• Denatured alcohol is ethanol or grain alcohol that contains additional chemicals called denaturants that make it unfit for human consumption.
• Denatured alcohol is fine for some types of lab work and as an ingredient in certain products, but it's not safe to drink.
• Ethanol is an organic chemical compound. It is simple alcohol with the chemical formula C₂H₆O.
• Its formula can be also written as CH₃−CH₂−OH or C₂H₅OH and is often abbreviated as EtOH.

Additional Information

• Alcohol (ethanol or ethyl alcohol) is the ingredient found in beer, wine, and spirits that causes drunkenness.
• Alcohol is formed when yeast ferments (breaks down without oxygen) the sugars in different food. 

The correct answer is Virat Singh.

Key Points

• Sh. Virat Singh is the current secretary of the Haryana Staff Selection Commission (HSSC).
• Haryana Staff Selection Commission (HSSC)
  • It ​is constituted by Haryana Government for the recruitment of Group C and D Services.
  • The Commission has been constituted with the purpose of recruiting capable, competent and highly skilled individuals by conducting various examinations for different posts.
  • It consists of five Members including a Chairman appointed by the Haryana Govt. on the recommendation of a collegium consisting of-
    • a Minister of Cabinet Rank
    • Chief Secretary to Govt. of Haryana
    • Legal Remembrance and Secretary to Govt. Haryana, Law and Legislative Department.
  • The Chairman/Member shall cease to be Chairman or Member of the Commission on attaining the age of 68 & 65 years respectively.
• Chairman of HSSC- Shri Bhopal Singh.

The correct answer is Sonipat.

Key Points

• Anju Dahiya -
  • She is a teacher from the Sonipat district of Haryana.
  • She has been honored with the 'National Teacher Award 2022.​

Additional Information

• ​On August 25, 2022, the Ministry of Education, Government of India released the final list of National Teacher Awards 2022.
• The name of Haryana's teacher Anju Dahiya is also included in this.
• President Draupadi Murmu awarded the selected teachers at Vigyan Bhavan in New Delhi.
• This award was given on September 5, 2022, on the occasion of Teachers' Day.
• As an award, teachers will be given an amount of Rs 50 thousand and a silver medal.

The logic followed here is:

1) Intact and Unflawed are synonyms meaning not damaged and perfect.

2) Entire and Partial are antonyms.

3) Bright and Luminous are synonyms.

4) Pure and Perfect are synonyms.

Both the words are synonyms in all the options except option 2, where the given words are antonyms.

Hence, the correct answer is "Entire : Partial".

Given:

x + y + 1 = 0

Concept Used:

(a + b )³ = a³ + b³ + 3ab (a + b)

Calculations:

x + y + 1 = 0

⇒ x + y = -1

Cubing on both sides we get

(x + y)³ = ( -1 )³

⇒ x³ + y³ + 3xy( x + y ) = -1

⇒ x³ + y³ + 3xy ( -1) = -1

∵ x + y = -1

⇒ x³ + y³ - 3xy = -1

∴ required value = -1

Key Points  
Some important fundamental principles of the NEP 2020 are:

• Full equity and inclusion as the cornerstone of all educational decisions to ensure that all students are able to thrive in the education system.
• It includes the overall development of the leader, it covers all three aspects as Cognitive domain, affective domain, and psychomotor domain.
• Emphasis on conceptual understanding rather than rote learning and learning-for-exams.
• Assessment of the students should be done by using different methods, by different activities including role play, portfolios, etc.
• The curriculum/instruction is in the native language or in the mother tongue of the primary students so that they can understand and imply it perfectly.
• Promoting self-assessment and the peer assessment done by the student in the classroom.
• Respect for diversity and respect for the local context in all curriculum, pedagogy, and policy, always keeping in mind that education is a concurrent subject.
• Establishment of the linkage of the concepts with the environment or we can say that the linkage of the school with the home.
• The teacher should promote or encourage the abilities of the learners, they should reflect on the unique abilities of the learners on their report card so that learner improves their unique abilities much better than now.
• Promoting multilingualism and the power of language in teaching and learning.
• Creativity and critical thinking encourage logical decision-making and innovation.
• It emphasizes group work as well as individual work, NEP 2020 links the study to the curriculum.

Thus by all these references, we can conclude that According to National Education Policy 2020, the progress card of the students communicated to the parents would be a reflection of the progress as well as the uniqueness of the student.

Lead does affect the kidney and CNS but its first target is RBC and through that onlt it travels inside the body to CNS and kidneys.

Molarity = 2.772 M =2.772 mol L^-1  Thus, NaOH =2.772 mol

A diamond is not considered a molecule because each carbon atom is covalently bonded with four other carbon atoms. This is what makes a diamond a network solid.

Additional Information: 

• A network solid or covalent network solid (also called atomic crystalline solids) is a chemical compound (or element) in which the atoms are bonded by covalent bonds in a continuous network extending throughout the material. 
• Examples of network solids include diamond with a continuous network of carbon atoms and silicon dioxide or quartz with a continuous three-dimensional network of SiO₂ units.

Superoxides: Superoxides are a class of compounds that contain the superoxide anion, which has the chemical formula O2-. In superoxides, the oxidation number of oxygen is -1/2.

• The reason the oxidation number of oxygen in superoxides is -1/2 is because of the unique way in which the electrons are distributed in the superoxide ion. Each superoxide ion is composed of two oxygen atoms. However, these two oxygen atoms share one electron, resulting in an overall charge of -1 for the entire ion. Therefore, each oxygen atom effectively has a charge of -1/2.
• Some common examples of superoxides include potassium superoxide (KO₂) and rubidium superoxide (RbO₂). These are often used in life-support systems to generate oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide.
• It's important to note that the oxidation number of oxygen can vary depending on the specific compound in which it is found. For instance, in peroxides (like hydrogen peroxide, H₂O₂), the oxidation state of oxygen is -1. In most other compounds, including water, the oxidation state of oxygen is typically -2.
• When oxygen is bonded to fluorine, the oxidation state of oxygen is positive since fluorine is more electronegative. When oxygen is bonded to metals, the oxidation state is typically -2, as metals are usually less electronegative than oxygen.

Key Point: In superoxides, the oxidation state of each oxygen atom is -1/2 due to the sharing of one electron between two oxygen atoms in the superoxide ion.

(a) CO (14e), no unpaired electron, magnetic moment = 0
CO⁺ (13e), One electron is lost from bonding melecular orbital unpaired electron = 1, magnetic moment =
(b)  (15e) Unpaired electron = 1, magnetic moment =
(13e) Unpaired electron = 1, magnetic moment =
(c) Zn, Zn²⁺, unpaired electron = 0
(d) O₂ (16e), unpaired electron = 2, magnetic moment =
, unpaired electron = 1, magnetic moment =

[Co(CO)₄]
EAN = 27 –(0)+ 4 × 2 = 35
2[Co(CO)₄] → Co₂(CO)₈

EAN = 27 + 1 + 4 ×2 = 36

Electron –rich hydrides, as the name suggest, are compounds of hydrogen with other elements that have excess electrons present as lone-pairs. For example ammonia –NH₃ is a hydride of nitrogen that has one lone pair, water (H₂O) is a hydride of oxygen that has two lone pairs etc.

H₂O₂ is an oxidizing agent in 1st reaction and Reducing agent in 2nd reaction.

Fluorine has highest electronegativity among all known elements, so it shows only negative oxidation states.

Ni²⁺ and Ti³⁺ ions are coloured in aqueous solution because they contain unpaired electrons.

The flow of current in a Daniel cell or any other electrochemical cell is due to the movement of electrons from the anode to the cathode. This happens through an external circuit connecting the two electrodes.

• Electron Transfer: In a Daniel cell, the zinc (Zn) electrode is oxidized to zinc ions (Zn²⁺), releasing two electrons. These electrons then move through the external circuit to the copper (Cu) electrode, reducing the copper ions (Cu²⁺) to copper atoms. However, the transfer of electrons does not occur directly from Zn to Cu²⁺ in the solution. Instead, it happens via the external circuit. Therefore, option A is incorrect.

• Potential Difference: The potential difference between the two electrodes in a Daniel cell is what drives the flow of current. When zinc is oxidized at the anode, it leaves behind electrons, creating a negative charge. At the same time, the reduction of copper ions at the cathode absorbs electrons, creating a positive charge. This difference in charge creates a potential difference or voltage that causes the electrons to flow from the anode to the cathode, generating current. Therefore, option B is correct.

• Salt Bridge: A salt bridge is a device used to complete the circuit in a Daniel cell by allowing the flow of ions between the two half-cells. This maintains the electrical neutrality within the half-cells, enabling the reaction to continue. However, it does not directly facilitate the flow of current, which is driven by the potential difference between the electrodes. Therefore, option C is incorrect.
• Platinum Wire: While a wire, such as one made of platinum, is needed to connect the two electrodes and provide a path for the electrons to move, it is not the presence of the wire itself that allows for the flow of current. Rather, it is the potential difference between the electrodes. Therefore, option D is incorrect.

In conclusion, the flow of current in a Daniel cell is possible if there is a potential difference between the copper and zinc electrodes. This potential difference drives the movement of electrons from the anode to the cathode, generating current.

Valence of representative element is usually equal to the number of valence electrons and/or equal to eight minus the number of valence electrons.

The correct answer is option  A
1-butyne can react with sodium in liquid ammonia. Because terminal alkynes have acidic hydrogen. This acidic hydrogen can replace Na in presence of liquid ammonia.

 

NaHCO₃ + H₂SO₄ →  Na₂SO₄ + H₂O + CO₂
extingusher fire

BeO is amphoteric due to its diogional similarly with Al

Ozone is detected by using Hg.

(S)-2-butanol is formed with specific rotation + 13.52°.

(i) CaOCI₂ has



Oxidation number = + 6
Oxidation number = - 2
(ii) → (p,u)


(iii) → (q.v)

Born Haber cycle involves

The complex [CO(NH₃)₅NO₂]CI₂  produces three ions in aqueous solution.

[Co(NH₃)₅NO₂]CI₂ → [Co(NH₃)₅NO₂]⁺ + 2Cl^-
The aqueous solution on treatment with an excess of AgNO₃ gives two moles of AgCI because we have 2 moles of Cl^- ion in aqueous solution.
Linkage isomers

[Co(NH₃)₅NO₂]CI₂ and [Co(NH₃)₅(ONO)]CI₂
The nitrite ligand is bound through oxygen (—ONO)in red form. The nitrite ligand is bound through nitrogen (—NO₂) in yellow form.