Test: New Political Formations in the 18th Century CE - Class 7 MCQ

• The Mughal Empire struggled to govern efficiently because there were fights inside the empire and they had money problems. When a kingdom has fights and money issues, it becomes hard to rule well. Imagine trying to play a game with your friends, but some keep arguing and you don't have enough game pieces. That's how it was for the Mughal Empire, making it tough for them to keep everything running smoothly.

The Mughal Empire faced problems inside the kingdom, like fights among people, which made it weak. This caused difficulties for the rulers to govern properly.

Bengal was a province under the Mughal Empire during Murshid Quli Khan's rule. This means that even though Bengal operated almost independently, it still sent revenue to the Mughal emperor in Delhi. This helped the empire maintain control over Bengal's affairs.

In the early 18th century, in 1717, Murshid Quli Khan became the governor of Bengal. He helped Bengal prosper and took control of revenue administration.

Awadh was known for being situated in a place with plenty of food and great for trading. This meant that it had lots of crops and goods to exchange with other areas.

• Safdar Jung and Shujauddaula were important leaders in Awadh's history, but Saadat Khan was not the one who oversaw the peak prosperity.
• Asafuddaula relocated the capital to Lucknow, but he did not oversee the peak prosperity.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Safdar Jung, who played a significant role during Awadh's prosperous times.

Qamaruddin Chin Qilich Khan was granted the title of Nizamul Mulk Asaf Jah I by the Mughal emperor. This title signified his authority and position as a ruler. It was like being called the first leader of a place. It was an honor given to him that showed he was very important and powerful.

Qamaruddin Chin Qilich Khan founded the kingdom of Hyderabad in 1724. This means he started the place called Hyderabad in the year 1724.

Hyderabad experienced cultural and economic growth during the time when the nizams were ruling. This means that when the nizams were in power, Hyderabad saw significant progress in its culture and economy. It was a period of development and improvement for the city.

Hyder Ali's military expertise means he was very good at leading soldiers in battles. This made people admire and look up to him a lot.

The 'Tiger of Mysore' was Tipu Sultan. He was a brave ruler who fought against the British. Just like a tiger is strong and fearless, Tipu Sultan showed great courage in defending his kingdom.

• The Jats were a farming community who rose as a political force and rebelled against the Mughal authority in the 17th century.
• They wanted to have more control over their own lands and decisions. This means they wanted to have more say in how things were done where they lived.
• Even though they faced challenges, they continued to resist Mughal rule.
• So, the Jats were people who wanted to have more power and control over their own lives and lands.

Jats were a farming community, which means they were involved in activities related to growing crops and raising livestock.

Shivaji became a ruler by crowning himself as the leader. This means he declared himself as the king. It's like when you play a game and say you are the king or queen of the game. It shows that he thought he should be the one in charge of making decisions for his kingdom.

Shivaji governed with the help of eight ministers. Ministers are like special helpers who work with the king to make important decisions.

• Shivaji indeed crowned himself Chhatrapati, which means a king or emperor. This was a significant moment in his life where he declared himself as a ruler with great authority and power.
• For a young child to understand, imagine Shivaji putting on a special crown and telling everyone, "I am now the king!" This made him very important and powerful in his kingdom.

• The historical movement in Europe that encouraged people to question established beliefs and accept logically reasoned ideas was called The Enlightenment.
• During this time, many thinkers like John Locke and Voltaire inspired others to think critically and challenge old ways of thinking.
• It was a time of new ideas and a push for more freedom and equality in society.

Diderot was one of the philosophers who inspired the Enlightenment. They all wanted people to think for themselves and question old ideas. The Enlightenment helped shape big events like the French and American Revolutions, changing how people thought about government and society.

• The Enlightenment was a time when smart people in Europe, like John Locke and Voltaire, told others to think and ask questions about things they believed.
• It was like saying, "Hey, think carefully about what you believe, and only believe things that make sense!"
• This is important because it helped to start big events like the French Revolution and the American Revolution.