NVS PGT Physics Mock Test - 2 - NVS TGT/PGT MCQ

Ryotwari system, one of the three principal methods of revenue collection in British India. It was prevalent in most of southern India, being the standard system of the Madras Presidency (a British-controlled area now constituting much of present-day Tamil Nadu and portions of neighboring states). 

Key Points

The system was devised by Capt. Alexander Read and Thomas (later Sir Thomas) Munro at the end of the 18th century and introduced by the latter when he was governor (1820–27) of Madras (now Chennai).

• The principle was the direct collection of the land revenue from each individual cultivator by government agents.
• For this purpose, all holdings were measured and assessed according to crop potential and actual cultivation.
• The advantages of this system were the elimination of middlemen, who often oppressed villagers, and an assessment of the tax on land actually cultivated and not merely occupied.
• Offsetting these advantages was the cost of detailed measurement and of individual collection. This system also gave much power to subordinate revenue officials, whose activities were inadequately supervised.
• This system was in operation for nearly 5 years and had many features of the revenue system of the Mughals.
• It was instituted in some parts of British India, one of the three main systems used to collect revenues from the cultivators of agricultural land.
• These taxes included undifferentiated land revenue and rents, collected simultaneously.
• Where the land revenue was imposed directly on the ryots (the individual cultivators who actually worked the land) the system of assessment was known as ryotwari.
• Where the land revenue was imposed indirectly—through agreements made with Zamindars the system of assessment was known as zamindari. In Bombay, Madras, Assam, and Burma the Zamindar usually did not have a position as a middleman between the government and the farmer.

Hence, the correct answer is Thomas Munro.

The correct answer is Odisha.

Key Points

• The Tropic of Cancer is an imaginary line north from the Equator at an angle of 23.50 degrees.
• Tropic of Cancer passes through 16 countries, 3 continents, and 6 water bodies.
• It passes through 8 Indian states.
  

Additional Information

The correct answer is The Supreme Court.

Key Points 

• The Supreme Court of India is called the custodian of the Constitution in India.
• The highest court in India, the Supreme Court is considered as the guardian of the Constitution.
• The conflicts or quarrels of jurisdiction between the central government and the state governments or between the legislature and the executive are decided by the court.
• It upholds and uplifts the rule of law and also ensures and protects citizens’ rights and liberties as given in the Constitution.
• Therefore, the Supreme Court is also known as the Guardian of the Constitution.​

Additional Information 

• The Indian constitution provides for a provision of the Supreme Court under Part V (The Union) and Chapter 6 (The Union Judiciary).
• The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial court and the final court of appeal under the Constitution of India, the highest constitutional court, with the power of judicial review.
• India is a federal state and has a single and unified judicial system with a three-tier structure, i.e. Supreme Court, High Courts, and Subordinate Courts.

Manganese is one of the important raw materials used for smelting iron ore.

Important Points

• Manganese is used for making alloys.
• It is used in manufacturing of enamel, dry cell batteries, plastics, chemicals and glasses.
• It requires almost 10 kg of manganese to manufacture one tonne of steel.
• Odisha is the largest producer of manganese in India with multiple mines located over the iron ore belt of India.
• Some of the major mines are Bonai, Kendujhar, Sundergarh, Gangpur, Koraput, Kalahandi, and Bolanger.
• After Odisha, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Telangana, Goa, and Jharkhand lies in the list of manganese producer in India.
• In 2000-2001, Odisha produced one-third of the country's total production.

Thus, we can conclude that Odisha is the largest producer of manganese.

The correct answer is Soviet Union.

• The battle of Stalingrad held between the Soviet Union and Germany.
• The Soviet Union won the battle against Germany.
• The German army raced across the Russian plains, inflicting terrible casualties on the Red Army and the Soviet population.
• The Battle of Stalingrad was a brutal military campaign between Russian forces and  Nazi Germany and the Axis powers during World War II.
• February 1943, Russian troops had retaken Stalingrad and captured nearly 100,000 German soldiers, though pockets of resistance continued to fight in the city until early March.

Additional Information

• The capture of Stalingrad was important to Hitler for two primary reasons:
  • ​It was a major industrial city on the Volga River.
  • Its capture would secure the left flank of the German armies as they advanced into the oil-rich Caucasus region with the goal of cutting off fuel to Stalin’s war machine.
• The Soviet generals Aleksandr Vasilyevskiy and Georgy Zhukov, responsible for planning in the Stalingrad area, concentrated massive Soviet forces in the steppes to the north and south of the city.

The correct answer is 23 March.

Key Points

• On this day, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) was established in the year 1950. 
• WMO is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
• The International Meteorological Organization (IMO), whose concept dates back to the Vienna International Meteorological Congress of 1873, gave birth to the organisation.
• The theme for 2022 is 'Early Warning and Early Action.

Additional Information​ 

• List of Important Days/Events in March:​ 

Given:

Length of rectangle = 3/5 of radius of circle

Radius of circle = Side of square with area 6400 m2

Breadth of rectangle = 15 m 

Formulas used:

Area of square = (Side)²

Perimeter of rectangle = 2(Length + Breadth) 

Calculation:

Area of square = 6400 m2

⇒ Side² = 6400 

⇒ Side = √6400 = 80 m 

Radius of cirlce = Side of square = 80 m 

⇒ Length of rectangle = 3/5 × 80 = 48 m 

∴ Perimeter of the rectangle = 2(48 + 15) m 

⇒ 126 m 

In the figure the simplest Triangles are GLK, DLJ, DJM,HMN,QRE,IRA,IPA, and FPO is the 8 triangle

and another is BDO,CDQ,DLM, PRA, KFI, NEI, HJI, GJI,DKI, and DNI is the 10 triangle

and another is DIE, DFI, DOA, DQA, and GHI is the 5 triangle

and DCA, DBA is the 2 triangle and DEF and ABC so that according to the figure the total no. of triangle is
8 + 10 + 5 + 2 + 1 + 1
= 27

The pattern followed is:
Given series:

1. There is a rotation of 90º clockwise in next each step.
2. One similar figure is added next to each step.
The figure which will come next is,

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

We know that attraction at an external point due to spherical shell of mass M is GM/r² while at an internal point is zero. So, for particle at point C
OA = G (M1 + M2)m/p²
OB = G M₁m/q²
OC = 0
 

Velocity of efflux when the hole is at depth h, v = √(2gh).
Rate of flow of water from square hole

Rate of flow of water from circular hole

According to problem

 

Explanation:

If a vector is multiplied by a scalar as in  pA^→ ,  then the magnitude of the resulting vector is equal to the product of p and the magnitude of  A^→, and its direction is the same as  A^→ if p is positive and opposite to  A^→ if p is negative.

Distributive law for scalar multiplication:

p(A^→ +B^→ )=pA^→ +pB^→ 

Gamma rays are electromagnetic radiation (high-energy photons) with an extreme frequency and a high energy. They are created by the decay of nuclei as they travel from a high-energy state to a lower state; this process is called “gamma decay.” Most atomic responses are accompanied by gamma emission.

Explanation:explanation none

► Electric field (E) = 26i - k
► A = 20k
Electric flux = electric field.area
= E.A
= (26i - k)*(20k)
= (26*0 -1)*20
= -20 units

In an inductor, current lags behind the input voltage by a phase difference of π/2.
Current and voltage are in the same phase in the resistor whereas current leads the voltage by π/2 in a capacitor.
So, the circuit must contain an inductor only.

Icm = ma2/6
Now, applying parallel axis theorem
Ireq = Icm + m(a/√2)² 
Ireq = 2/3 ma² 

India's first artificial satellite was Aryabhata. Launched by soviet union on 19  April 1975

Consider the attached free body diagram for the given scenario.
From coulomb's law,
∣F1​∣=∣F2​∣= qQ /4πε_o​r²​
In y-direction, forces cancel, F_y​=0
In x-direction, forces add up. Also, it is directed in +ve x direction if the position of −q is along −ve x axis and in −ve x direction if the position of −q is along +ve x axis.
Hence, 
F_x​=2qQcosθ​ i /4πε_o​r²    ∀ x<0
F_x​=2qQcosθ​ i /4πε_o​r²    ∀ x≥0
But cosθ =x/r
       r= √x²+d^2​
Substituting in force equation, we get
F_x​=2qQx​ i /4πε_o​( x²+d²​)^3/2  ∀ x<0
F_x​=2qQx i /4πε_o​( x²+d^2​)^3/2  ∀ x≥0
 
Now, a=F/m​ by Newton's second law. It is positive when x is negative and negative when x is positive. This is satisfied only in option (B).
 

Let the initial velocity of the body at point A is v, AB is 3 cm.

On penetrating 3 cm in a wooden block, let the body moves x distance from B to C.
For B to C:

Note: Here, it is assumed that retardation is uniform.

For all practical purposes, the motion of a simple pendulum is SHM only if the maximum angle which the string makes with the vertical is less than 1 because for angles less than 1° sinθ = θ.

Correct option is B.

Answer :- d

Solution :- The negative sign is just a convention and it signifies that the direction of E is opposite to the direction in which potential increases.

In SI units, permeability is measured in Henries per meter H/m or Hm−1.
Henry has the dimensions of [ML²T⁻²A⁻²].
Dimensions for magnetic permeability will be [ML²T⁻²A⁻²]/[L]=[MLT⁻²A⁻²]

Given:
 Mass of the particle, m = 0.1 kg
 Amplitude of SHM, A = 0.1 m
 Kinetic energy at mean position, K.E. = 8×10⁻³J
 Initial phase of oscillation, ϕ = 45^∘

The kinetic energy at the mean position is given by the formula:
KE = 1/2 mv²
At the mean position, the velocity v is maximum and is given by:
v_max = Aω
Substituting this into the kinetic energy formula gives:
K.E. = 1/2 m (Aω)²

Substituting the known values into the kinetic energy equation:
8×10⁻³ = 1/2 × 0.1 × (0.1ω)²
This simplifies to:
8 × 10⁻³ = 0.005 × (0.01ω²)
8 × 10⁻³ = 5 × 10⁻⁵ ω²
Now, solving for ω²:
ω² = 8 × 10⁻³ / 5 × 10⁻⁵ = 160
Thus,
ω = √160 = 4 radians/second

The general equation of motion for SHM is given by:
x(t) = A sin(ωt+ϕ)
Substituting the values of A, ω, and ϕ:
Convert ϕ from degrees to radians:
ϕ = 45^∘ = π/4 radians
Thus, the equation becomes:
x(t) = 0.1 sin(4t+π/4)

The passage seems to center around the theme of recession. The first sentence should be P because it introduces and defines 'recession'. The next sentence would be R which gives the technical definition of 'recession'. The next two sentences are about the effects of a recession. Out of these S would come before Q as Q exemplifies S. Therefore, the correct sequence is PRSQ.

"News" is always used in the singular form. Hence, it requires a singular supporting verb.
Correct Sentence- No news of firing along the border has been heard of.

सही उत्तर है - ‘अचल’।

• पृथ्वी का पर्यायवाची शब्द अचल नहीं होगा।
• अन्य विकल्प इला, अचला और अवनि पृथ्वी के पर्यायवाची शब्द है।

Key Points

• पृथ्वी के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द : महि, मेदिनी, धरा, रसा, वसुन्धरा, विकेशी, क्षमा, धरती, धरणी आदि।​
• अचल के पर्यायवाची शब्द : भूधर, महीधर, नगपति, शिखर, अद्री, तुंग, धरणीधर, पर्वत, पहाड़, गिरी आदि।

Additional Informationसमानार्थी शब्द:

• वे शब्द जिनका अर्थ एक समान होता हैं समानार्थी शब्द कहलाते हैं।
  समानर्थी शब्द को हम पर्यायवाची शब्द भी कहते है। ‘पर्याय’ का अर्थ है ‘समान’ तथा ‘वाची’ का अर्थ है ‘बोले जाने वाले’ अर्थात
  समान बोले जाने वाले शब्दों को हम पर्यायवाची शब्द या समानार्थी शब्द कहते है।

पर्यायवाची शब्द के उदाहरण :

• पत्नी- भार्या, दारा, अर्धांगनी, वामा, गृहिणी, बहू, वधू, कलत्र, प्राणप्रिया।
• दोस्त- बन्धु, मित्र, साथी, यार, सखा, हितैषी, अंतरंग।
• बसंत- ऋतुराज, ऋतुपति ,मधुमास ,कुसुमाकर।

मयंक शब्द 'सूर्य' का पर्यायवाची नहीं है। मयंक चन्द्रमा का पर्यायवाची होता है।

Key Points

• चन्द्रमा : शशि, हिमकर, राकेश, रजनीश, हिमांशु, चाँद, मयंक, विधु, सुधाकर, कलानिधि, निशापति, शशांक
• सूर्य : अंशुमान, सूरज, रवि, दिनकर, दिवाकर, प्रभाकर, भास्कर।
• सविता : भानु, दिनेश, मार्तण्ड, अंशुमाली, सूर्य, रवि, सूरज, दिनकर, प्रभाकर, दिवाकर, भास्कर
• दिनकर : प्रभाकर, दिवाकर, भास्कर, सविता, भानु, दिनेश, मार्तण्ड, अंशुमाली, सूर्य
• भास्कर : सूरज , फतिंगा , पतंगा पतंग , सूर्य

• बहुवचन - कबूतर
• समानार्थी शब्द - कपोत
• लिंग - पुल्लिंग
• संज्ञा के प्रकार - जातिवाचक

चिड़िया

• बहुवचन - चिड़ियाँ
• समानार्थी शब्द - पंछी , पक्षी , परिंदा
• लिंग - स्त्रीलिंग
• संज्ञा के प्रकार - जातिवाचक

कोयल

• बहुवचन - कोयलें
• समानार्थी शब्द - कोकिल , कोकिला
• लिंग - स्त्रीलिंग
• संज्ञा के प्रकार - जातिवाचक

कौआ

• समानार्थी शब्द - काग , काक , कौवा
• विलोम शब्द - कौवी , कौवी
• लिंग - पुल्लिंग