NVS Catering Assistant Mock Test - 2 - NVS TGT/PGT MCQ

From the given information,

(1) Rani is the sister of Piyush and the daughter of Kamal.

(2) Kamal is the son of Gaurav and the brother of Aryan.

(3) Aryan is the father of Rajneesh. Therefore, the final family tree is as follows:

Hence, Aryan is the paternal uncle of Piyush.

The logical and meaningful order of the given words is as follows:

LOGIC: The words have been arranged according to the ascending order.

1. Village

4. Taluk

3. District

5. State

2. Nation

Hence, "1, 4, 3, 5, 2" is the correct answer.

Confusion Points

A tehsil also known as tahsil, taluka, or taluk is a local unit of administrative division in some countries of the South Asia that is usually translated to "township".

The correct answer is Panchayati Raj.

Key Points

• The eleventh schedule of the Indian Constitution specifies the power, authority, and responsibilities of Panchayats.
• The 73^rd amendment in 1992 added a new Eleventh Schedule to the Indian constitution.
• The idea of the Panchayati Raj system in India signifies the System of Rural Local Self-Government.
• Twenty-nine subjects are listed in the Eleventh Schedule of the Constitution.
• The 73rd Amendment Act is also known as the "Panchayati Raj Act".
• The 73rd Amendment Act of the Indian constitution gave constitutional status to the Panchayati raj system.
• The 73rd Amendment act has added a new Part IX to the constitution of India.
  • It consists of provisions from Article 243 to 243 O.
• The term Panchayati raj was coined by Jawaharlal Nehru.
• Panchayati Raj Act came into force on 24th April 1993.

Additional Information

• The eighth schedule of the Indian constitution deals with the 22 official languages recognized by the Indian Constitution.
• Part II (Article 5 to 11) of the Indian constitution deals with Citizenship.
• Part XI (Article 245 to 263) of the Indian constitution deals with the Centre-State relation.

The correct answer is Solid carbon dioxide.
Key Points

• Dry ice is a solid form of carbon dioxide.
• It is used primarily as a cooling agent but is also used in fog machines at theatres for dramatic effects.
• Its advantages include lower temperature than that of water ice and not leaving any residue.
• It is useful for preserving frozen foods where mechanical cooling is unavailable.
• Dry ice sublimates at 194.7 K at Earth atmospheric pressure.
• The outgassing from it can cause hypercapnia.
• Dry ice is colourless, non-flammable, with a sour zesty odour, and can lower the pH of a solution when dissolved in water, forming carbonic acid.

The correct answer is Black soil area.

• The black soil area is one of the distinct features of the peninsular plateau.
• Black soil is also called as the lava soil or regur soil.
• Black soil (Black Cotton Soil) is rich in calcium, potassium, and magnesium but has poor nitrogen content.
• Black soil is extremely fine and clayey and has the capacity to hold a lot of moisture.
• Laterite is a soil rich in iron and aluminum.
• Laterite soil is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas.
• Red soil is the third-largest soil group in India.
• Alluvial soil (most fertile) area is widespread in northern plains and river valleys.

Black soil is mainly concentrated over:

• Parts of Maharashtra
• Madhya Pradesh
• Gujarat
• Andhra Pradesh
• Karnataka
• Rajasthan
• Uttar Pradesh
• Certain parts of Tamil Nadu.

The correct answer is Microscope.

Key Points

• Microscope
  • It is a laboratory instrument used to scrutinize objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.
  • It is used to magnify very small objects.
  • It has two convex lenses- one of them is called an objective lens and the other one is known as the eyepiece.
  • Microscopy is the science of investigating small objects and structures using a microscope.

Additional Information

• Hydroscope is an optical device used for viewing objects far below the surface of the water.
• Electroscope is a scientific device that is used to detect the presence of an electric charge on a body.
• Periscope is an optical instrument that uses a system of prisms, lenses or mirrors to reflect images through a tube.

कुछ छात्र आज विद्यालय नहीं आये। वाक्य में संख्यात्मक विशेषण है।

Key Points

• संख्या का बोध

Important Points

Additional Information

गुणवाचक विशेषण:- जो शब्द किसी संज्ञा या सर्वनाम का गुण, दोष, आकार-प्रकार रंग रूप गंध आदि बताते हैं, वे शब्द गुणवाचक विशेषण कहलाते है।

उदाहरण -

• ताज महल एक सुन्दर इमारत है। 
• जयपुर में पुराना घर है।

व्यक्तिवाचक विशेषण:- शब्द एक व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा से बन रहे हैं एवं बाद में विशेषण बना रहे है।अतः यह व्यक्तिवाचक विशेषण के अंतर्गत आएगा।

उदाहरण-

• बनारसी साड़ी मुझे सबसे ज्यादा पसंद है।
• हमारी दूकान पर जयपुरी मिठाइयां मिलती हैं।

सार्वनामिक विशेषण:- जो सर्वनाम शब्द संज्ञा से पहले आएं एवं विशेषण की तरह उस संज्ञा शब्द की विशेषता बताएं तो वे शब्द सार्वनामिक विशेषण कहलाते हैं।

उदाहरण-

• वह आदमी अच्छे से काम करना जानता है।
• यह लड़की वही है जो मर गयी थी।

उपर्युक्त विकल्पों में से विकल्प "तुच्छ" सही है तथा अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं।

Key Points

• तुच्छ शब्द अज्ञान का पर्यायवाची नहीं है।
• तुच्छ का पर्यायवाची शब्द
  • खोखला, सारहीन, निःसार, अल्प, थोड़ा, नीच, घटिया, दो कौड़ी का, दुष्ट।
• तुच्छ का विलोम
  • महान

Additional Information

• अज्ञान का पर्यायवाची शब्द
  • जड़ता, मूर्खता, अविद्या, मोह, अविवेक।
• अज्ञान का विलोम
  • ज्ञान
• ज्ञ संयुक्त व्यंजन है।
  • (ज् + ञ)

उपर्युक्त विकल्पों में से विकल्प "प्रगतिवादी" सही है तथा अन्य विकल्प गलत हैं।

Key Points

सनातन का विलोम

• प्रगतिवादी ,अस्थायी।

सनातन

• विशेषण
  • परंपरानुसार चला आता हुआ।
  • परंपरानिष्ठ, ऑर्थोडॉक्स।

प्रगतिवादी

• विशेषण
  • प्रगतिवाद संबंधी, प्रगतिवाद का।
  • गतिशील रहने वाला।

Additional Information

नीरस का विलोम

• सरस, आकर्षक, लुभावना, सुंदर।

तामसिक का विलोम शब्द

• सात्विक, सतगुण।

असामयिक का विलोम

• सामायिक।

सही उत्तर ‘बहुव्रीहि समास’ है।

Key Points

• 'पंचतंत्र' बहुव्रीहि समास का उदाहरण है।
• 'पंचतंत्र' का समास विग्रह होगा - पांच तंत्रों का समूह (एक कहानी की पुस्तक का नाम)
• जिस समास में दोनों पद प्रधान नहीं होते हैं और दोनों पद मिलकर किसी अन्य विशेष अर्थ की ओर संकेत कर रहे होते हैं बहुव्रीहि समास हिता है।
• 'पंचतंत्र' एक पुस्तक का नाम है जिनकी कहानियां हमें नैतिकता की शिक्षा देती हैं।

Important Points
पदों की प्रधानता के आधार पर समास का वर्गीकरण निम्न प्रकार है -

1. पूर्वपद प्रधान- अव्ययीभाव समास
2. उत्तरपद प्रधान- तत्पुरुष समास, कर्मधारय समास, द्विगु समास
3. दोनों पद प्रधान- द्वंद्व समास
4. दोनों पद अप्रधान- बहुव्रीहि समास

Confusion Points
संधि और समास- अर्थ की द्रष्टि से दोनों शब्द सामान हैं यद्यपि दोनों में कुछ अंतर है जैसे-

1. संधि वर्णों का मेल है और समास शब्दों का मेल है।
2. संधि में वर्णों के मेल से वर्ण परिवर्तन अथवा विकार उत्पन्न होता है जबकि समास में ऐसा नहीं होता।
3. संधि के द्वारा बने शब्दों को पुनः मूल अवस्था में लाने को संधि-विच्छेद कहते हैं जबकि समास के पदों को अलग करने की प्रक्रिया समास-विग्रह कहलाती है।

Additional Information

The correct answer is E-Commerce Website.

Key Points

• E-commerce means the sale of goods and services on the internet.
• The E-commerce website allows users to buy and sell products of their choice online.
• It is one of the easiest ways of trading where a user can purchase or sell the product online without visiting the store physically.
• All types of goods and services are available at a time on the e-commerce website.
• Amazon, Flipkart, Paytm, etc. are examples of E-commerce websites.

A computer network is a group of computers linked together for the purpose of communication and sharing resources.

Key-Points

The following are the various types of communication networks:

Advantages Of Switches Over Hub

• Switches are the successor of Hubs.
• Hubs were literally dumb devices they didn’t provide any security nor do they store any MAC addresses.
• So, the switch was introduced to overcome these issue
• A switch is a device used on a computer network to physically connect devices together.
• Multiple cables can be connected to a switch to enable networked devices to communicate with each other.
• Switches manage the flow of data across a network by only transmitting a received message to the device for which the message was intended.
• Each networked device connected to a switch can be identified using a MAC address, allowing the switch to regulate the flow of traffic.
• This maximizes the security and efficiency of the network.
• Because of these features, a switch is often considered more "intelligent" than a network hub.
• Hubs neither provide security or identification of connected devices.
• This means that messages have to be transmitted out of every port of the hub, greatly degrading the efficiency of the network.

Therefore, the switch would be used in a network in preference to a hub to reduce network traffic.

The correct answer is Option 2.

Hosting services are service providers that allows individuals or organizations to post a website or webpage on the internet. Examples include SlideShare, SlideServe, SlidePub, etc.

SlideShare:

• Slide Share is one such hosting service that was founded in 2006 to make knowledge sharing easy.
• It facilitates sharing of professional content in the form of presentations, images, infographics, documents and videos.
• It was purchased by LinkedIn in 2012.
• Users can upload files privately or publicly for the users to comment, like and share
• It is available for offline viewing as well.

Hence, SlideShare is a hosting service that facilitates views on a topic in the form of presentations.

Concept:

• Pathogens are organisms that cause disease.
• It may include bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
• They are an infectious agent.

Additional Information

• Pathogens can be killed by chlorines.
• Water chlorination is the process of adding chlorine(Cl2) or hypochlorite ions to the water.
• This method is used to kill certain bacteria and other microbes in tap water as chlorine is highly toxic.

Explanation:

List of pathogens and diseases:

The correct answer is 'option 4'

Concept:

• Biogas is a renewable fuel produced by the breakdown of organic matter such as food scraps and animal waste.
• It can be used in a variety of ways including as vehicle fuel and for heating and electricity generation.
• Biogas consists mainly of methane and carbon dioxide (60% methane and rest carbon dioxide)
• It can also include small amounts of hydrogen sulphide, siloxanes, and some moisture.
• The relative quantities of these vary depending on the type of waste involved in the production of the resulting biogas.

Additional Information What can biogas be used for?

• To fuel vehicles – If biogas is compressed it can be used as a vehicle fuel.
• As a replacement for natural gas – If biogas is cleaned up and upgraded to natural gas standards, it’s then known as biomethane and can be used in a similar way to methane; this can include cooking and heating.

Thickened soups made from shellfish are known as Bisques.

Key PointsBisques:

• Bisques are thickened soups made from shellfish.
• They are usually prepared like cream soups and finished off with cream.

Additional InformationCream soups:

• Cream soups are soups that are thickened with roux, beurre manie, or liaaison.
• Cream soups are usually named after the main ingredient such as cream of chicken or cream of tomato.

Purees:

• Purees are soups that are naturally thickened by pureeing one or more of their ingredients.
• They are not as smooth or creamy as a cream soup.
• Purees are normally based on starchy ingredients like dried peas or from fresh starchy ingredients like potatoes.
• Purees may or may not contain milk or cream.

Chowders:

• Chowders are hearty soups of American origin and are made of fish, shellfish, and/or vegetables.
• Although they are made in different ways, they usually contain milk and potatoes.
• Processed pork products like ham, bacon, or dried sausages are also added.
• There is also a version based on tomatoes.
• Cheese also features prominently in chowders.

Residential catering is not included in non-commercial catering.

Key PointsResidential catering:

• This type of establishment provides food and beverage along with accommodation.
• Such as hotels, motels, resorts, etc.
• It comes under commercial catering.
• It aims to earn profit by providing food and beverage to the guests as per their demand.

Additional Information Non-commercial catering:

• These are the establishments that provide food and beverage as a part of another business.
• Their aim is not to earn money.
• Instead, the establishments are there to provide welfare services at affordable prices.

Non-commercial catering can be of the following types:

1. Institutional catering: Catering in schools, colleges, universities, hospitals, orphanages, old age homes, prisons, etc. The provision of food and beverage services is completely or partially subsidized by various government funds.
2. Transport catering: The provision of food and beverages to passengers, before, during, and after the journey on trains, aircraft, and ships and in buses or private vehicles.
3. Industrial catering: The provision of food and beverages to 'people at work', in industries and factories at highly subsidized rates is called industrial catering.

Baking and Grilling are the cooking method that uses radiation.

Key Points

Cooking by Radiation:

• Radiation is the process of heat transference directly onto the food being cooked.
• The heat is transferred by electromagnetic waves, such as microwaves and infrared waves.
• These waves go directly to the food being cooked, and any object in the path of the rays will also become hot
• These waves cause the food, which is located close to the heat source, to first heat then cook.
• Cooking equipment that uses the process of radiation to cook food includes microwaves, salamanders, grills, and toasters.
• Methods of cooking by radiation include grilling, roasting, baking, and microwaving.

Additional Information Cooking by Conduction:

• Conduction is the process in which heat is transferred to the food by direct contact with the cooking vessel (e.g. pot, pan, solid top).
• The heat passes through a solid or from one solid to another.
• For food to be cooked by conduction, it must be in direct contact with a heated item.
• Cooking equipment that uses the process of conduction to cook food includes brat pans, solid grill plates, and stove hotplates.
• Methods of cooking by conduction include stir-frying, shallow-frying, and sautéing or searing.

Cooking by Convection:

• When food is cooked through the convection process, the heat passes through another medium – either liquid or gas.
• When liquids or gases are heated, the heat is distributed throughout the cooking medium and food by convection currents.
• Cooking equipment that uses the process of convection to cook food includes deep-fryers, stockpots, steamers, boilers, poachers, cooking pots, and ovens.
• Methods of cooking by convection include poaching, boiling, stewing, braising, baking and roasting.

The following are the incorrect textures that spoil a dish and should be avoided.

1. Coarse and open texture: in this one can see uneven and large holes due to the excessive addition of raising agent.
2. Hard texture: the air enclosed has been driven off, maybe due to the addition of more liquid than required, or has not been mixed properly. The low temperature of the oven also spoils the texture.
3. Soggy texture: this occurs due to the presence of too much moisture.
4. Lumpy texture: this is caused due to the improper mixing of solids and liquids at the same temperature. This texture may occur in sauces, gnocchi, suji halwa, etc.

Hence, All of the above options are correct.

Cilantro is the word North Americans use for Coriander.
It is also known as Chinese parsley

Additional Information

La Tomatina is a festival that is held in Spain.

• This festival held in Bunol, a town in Spain.
• Participants in this festival throw tomatoes and get involved solely for entertainment purposes in a tomato battle.
• This has been held in Buñol since 1945, on the last Wednesday of August, during a week of festivities.
• Due to its popularity, La Tomatina of Buñol was declared International Tourist Interest Festivity by the Tourism Secretariat in 2002.
• The Capital of Spain is Madrid and the currency is Euro.

• The most important and frequently used spices in Mexican cuisine are chili powder, cumin, oregano, cilantro, epazote, cinnamon, and cocoa. Many mexican dishes also contain garlic and onions.
• Next to corn, rice is the most common grain in Mexican cuisine.
• Chocolate: Chocolate played an important part in the history of Mexican cuisine. Chocolate was first drunk rather than eaten. Today chocolate is used in a wide array of Mexican foods, from savory dishes such as chicken mole to traditional Mexican style hot chocolate and a drink - champurrados, both of which are prepared with molinillo – a traditional turned wooden whisk.

The correct answer is Black.

• A solar cooker is painted black from the outside.

Key Points

• The black colour is used on the outer side because the black colour is known as the perfect absorber.
• A solar cooker is a device that uses the energy from direct sunlight to heat, cook food materials.
• Sunlight is radiation generated by fluctuating electric and magnetic fields.
• When the photons of light waves interact with molecules of the substance the sunlight gets converted to heat.
• The sunlight emitted by the sun possesses electromagnetic radiation in them.
• When the sunlight strikes, the energy causes the molecules of the matter to vibrate and the molecules get excited and jump to higher levels. This activity generates heat.
• A concave mirror is used in solar cookers.

In Spain, small food items intended to be eaten with wine or other drinks, usually in taverns and bars are known as Tapas.

Key Points
Tapas:

• Tapas actually refers to a style of serving food, rather than specific dishes. However, this doesn’t mean that there aren’t classic dishes that you’ll find in any decent tapas bar.
• First, a “tapa” is simply a small portion of food. Anything can be served tapas-style.
• When you go for tapas, you’ll end up ordering lots of small plates and sharing.
• This way, you can try a selection of different dishes all at once.

BARBECUE is a party in which usually meat (sometimes a whole carcass of animal fixed in a rod) is basted and in front of the people. It is usually held in the open. Meat roasted in open fire is known as barbecued meat.

Additional Information

BARDING-

Pieces of pork fat are placed over the lean meat, fish, or the breast of a bird to prevent drying.

BARQUETTE-

A boat-shaped pastry tartlet with a filling.

BASTE-

To moisten food products with drippings or fat while cooking. The other term for it is spooning of fat

Any kind of edible food grain, mostly used as a breakfast food, like wheat, buckwheat, oats, rye, corn, maize, millet, barley, and sorghum, belongs to Cereal.

Additional InformationCelery is part of the Apiaceae family, which includes carrots, parsnips, parsley, and celeriac. Its crunchy stalks make the vegetable a popular low-calorie snack, and it may provide a range of health benefits.

Plant fibers are generally composed of cellulose, often in combination with other components such as lignin. Examples include cotton, hemp, jute, flax, ramie etc

HACCP is not new, it was first used in 1960 by Dabur (India) Limited, which is the incorrect statement about HACCP.

Key Points

• NASA and Pillsbury jointly developed the HACCP system in 1960 for US Space Research Program.
• NASA required "zero risk" products for astronauts.
• HACCP is a system designed to reduce food safety hazards to a minimum.

Additional Information

HACCP or Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point:

• ​HACCP is a management system in which food safety is addressed through the analysis and control of biological, chemical, and physical hazards from raw material production, procurement, and handling, to manufacturing, distribution, and consumption of the finished product.
• HACCP is one of the major tools for Critical Control Point systems.
• It is an approach to food manufacture and storage in which raw materials and each step in a process are considered in detail and evaluated for their potential to contribute to the development of pathogenic microorganisms or other food hazards.

Seven steps of HACCP:

1. Perform a hazard analysis
2. Determine Critical Control Points (CCPs)
3. Set critical limits
4. Establish a monitoring system
5. Establish corrective actions
6. Establish verification procedures
7. Establish record-keeping procedures