NVS Stenographer Mock Test - 10 - NVS TGT/PGT MCQ

दिये गए विकल्पों में से विकल्प 3 'हरि' सही उत्तर है। अन्य विकल्प सही उत्तर नहीं हैं।

Key Points

• सर्प, मेंढक, सिंह, घोडा, वानर, हाथी आदि सभी 'हरि' के अनेकार्थक शब्द हैं।

अन्य विकल्प -

शिव- मंगल, महादेव, वेद, भाग्यशाली

Additional Information

• अनेकार्थक शब्द- ऐसे शब्द, जिनके अनेक अर्थ होते हैं, अनेकार्थी शब्द कहलाते हैं।
• जैसे-

अंबर – आकाश, कपड़ा ·

अदृष्ट – जो देखा न जाए, भाग्य, गुप्त, रहस्य।

In the given context we are talking about the way in which he convinced his parents for the school trip and since he did it very quickly, it is evident that it was a very easy thing to do by his standard.

A Stalking horse: Pretence 
A slap on the wrist: A very mild punishment 
A piece of cake: Something that is very easy to achieve 
A toss-up: An uncertain result that can go either way 
Among the given options, it is clear that option C is correct in the given context as it expresses the actual meaning of the given context.
This makes option C the correct choice among the given options.

सही उत्तर गर्मी से पदार्थ फैलते हैं और ठंड से सिकुड़ते हैं। है।

Key Points

• गर्मी से पदार्थ फैलते हैं और ठंड से सिकुड़ते हैं।- वाक्य संयुक्त वाक्य है।
• उपरोक्त वाक्य में दो साधारण वाक्य समुच्चयबोधक शब्द (और) की सहायता से जुड़कर संयुक्त वाक्य बना रहे हैं।
• संयुक्त वाक्य- जिस वाक्य में दो या दो से अधिक स्वतंत्र साधारण वाक्य या प्रधान उपवाक्य उपस्थित हों तो उस वाक्य को संयुक्त वाक्य कहते हैं।
• उदाहरण- रमेश बीमार है इसलिए आज खेलने नहीं आया है।
• संयुक्त वाक्य की पहचान- संयुक्त वाक्य की पहचान वाक्य में उपस्थित संयोजक, विभाजक, विरोधदर्शक या परिणामबोधक शब्दों से की जा सकती है तथा वाक्य में उपस्थित स्वतंत्र साधारण वाक्य या प्रधान उपवाक्य को देखकर भी की जा सकती है।

अन्य विकल्प-

• जहाँ अभी समुद्र है, वहाँ कभी जंगल था।- मिश्र वाक्य है, यह वाक्य जहाँ- वहाँ से मिलकर बना हुआ है, अतः यह मिश्र वाक्य का उदाहरण है।
• बुरा न मानो तो एक बात कहूँ।- मिश्र वाक्य है, 'तो' संयोजक आने पर यह मिश्र वाक्य का उदाहरण है।
• सभापति ने अपना भाषण पढ़ा।- सरल वाक्य है, इसमें एक उद्देश्य और एक विधेय है। (उद्देश्य - सभापति, विधेय- अपना भाषण पढ़ा।)

Additional Information

(वही - जो) मिश्र वाक्य का योजक चिन्ह है

दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 'कार्य से निवृत्त होना’ है। अन्य विकल्प इसके गलत उत्तर हैं।

Key Points

• मुहावरा- गंगा नहाना
• अर्थ - ​कार्य से निवृत्त होना
• वाक्य - हर कोई अपना काम करके गंगा नहाने की चाह रखता है।
• अन्य विकल्प अनुचित हैं।

अन्य विकल्प:

Additional Information

• मुहावरा का शाब्दिक अर्थ ‘अभ्यास’ है।
• मुहावरा शब्द अरबी भाषा का शब्द है।
• हिन्दी में ऐसे वाक्यांशों को मुहावरा कहा जाता है, जो अपने साधारण अर्थ को छोड़कर विशेष अर्थ को व्यक्त करते हैं।

यहाँ कि के बाद सुमन है जो की संज्ञा है.

सही उत्तर है - ‘प्राण’।

• ‘प्राण’ शब्द बहुवचन है।
• स्पष्टीकरण: प्राण कुल दस होते हैं, जिन्हें सम्मिलित रूप से संक्षेप में भी प्राण कह देते हैं। इसलिए प्राण शब्द बहुवचन है।
• लड़का, माता और किताब शब्द एकवचन है यहाँ एक व्यक्ति और वस्तु का बोध हो रहा है, इसीलिए यह एकवचन शब्द है|

Additional Information

• वचन : संज्ञा के जिस रुप से संख्या का बोध होता हो उसे वचन कहते हैं।
• हिंदी व्याकरण में वचन के दो भेद होते हैं।
  • एकवचन : संज्ञा का वह रूप जिससे एक संख्या का बोध होता हो उसे एकवचन कहते हैं।
    जैसे : हाथी दौड़ रहा है।
  • ​बहुवचन : संज्ञा का वह रूप जिससे एक से अधिक संख्याओं का बोध होता हो उसे बहुवचन कहते हैं।
    जैसे : हाथी दौड़ रहे हैं।

अन्य उदाहरण :

यहाँ मीठा केले की विशेषता है

Explanation:

The correct answer is C: Get along.

Phrasal verbs are verb phrases that consist of a main verb and a preposition or adverb, which together create a specific meaning different from the main verb on its own. In this case, the phrase "get along" means to have a harmonious or friendly relationship with someone.

- A: Get off - This phrasal verb means to leave or disembark from a vehicle or place, and it is not suitable for the context provided.
- B: Get away - This phrasal verb means to escape or go on vacation, which also doesn't fit the context.
- C: Get along - This is the correct answer because it refers to having a good relationship with someone, as mentioned earlier.
- D: Get down - This phrasal verb means to dance or feel depressed, and it is not relevant to the given context.

दिए गए विकल्पों में अशुद्ध शब्द 'कुशाशन' है। इसका शुद्ध रूप 'कुशासन' होगा।

कुशासन का अर्थ होता है बुरा राज्य।

इसके अलावा इसका एक अर्थ 'कुश की चटाई' भी होता है।

• 'लड़का मिठाई लेकर भागता हुआ घर आया।'  यह वाक्य शुद्ध है। 
• शब्दों के क्रमबद्ध समूह को वाक्य कहते है जिसका सार्थक अर्थ होता है।

Diversion: The act of turning aside or redirecting from a course or path, often to something more enjoyable or entertaining.
Deviation: The act of departing or straying from a standard or expected course; a divergence or deviation from the norm.

The above sentence describes how the person has nothing more to say. Farther means by a great distance, quite doesn’t make sense being a part of the sentence, most and many are not grammatically correct while further means more, makes the option 1 as the correct answer.

'Sound all Greek' means to jabber out words that are of no meaning to the listener. Option 3 is thus correct.
Example- The professor's boring lecture sounded all in Greek to the students.

A sentence having two past tenses is inappropriate (did and punished present in the same sentence). Thus, the first verb can be changed to the past perfect form to make the sentence grammatically suitable and correct. 'Although I had done my homework, the teacher punished me.'
Option 2 is thus correct. 

The International Day of Zero Waste is celebrated every year on March 30th, as established by a resolution passed by the United Nations General Assembly on December 14, 2022. This day is significant for raising awareness about reducing waste and promoting zero-waste initiatives to achieve sustainable development goals.

The 91st Interpol General Assembly, led by the Indian delegation comprising the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and National Investigation Agency (NIA), emphasized denying safe havens to crime. It took place in Vienna, Austria.

The correct answer is It is a closed system.
Key Points

• Ecosystem:
  • Ecosystem, a natural resource system, the complex of living organisms, their physical environment, and all their interrelationships in a particular unit of space.
  • An ecosystem is an open system that can be categorized into its abiotic constituents, including minerals, climate, soil, water, sunlight, and all other nonliving elements, and its biotic constituents, consisting of all its living members. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
  • Linking these constituents together are two major forces: the flow of energy through the ecosystem, and the cycling of nutrients within the ecosystem.
  • The fundamental source of energy in almost all ecosystems is radiant energy from the Sun.
  • The energy of sunlight is used by the ecosystem’s autotrophic, or self-sustaining, organisms. Consisting largely of green vegetation, these organisms are capable of photosynthesis i.e., they can use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into simple, energy-rich carbohydrates.
  • The autotrophs use the energy stored within the simple carbohydrates to produce the more complex organic compounds, such as proteins, lipids, and starches, that maintain the organisms’ life processes.
  • The autotrophic segment of the ecosystem is commonly referred to as the producer level.

Additional Information

• The organic matter generated by autotrophs directly or indirectly sustains heterotrophic organisms.
• Heterotrophs are the consumers of the ecosystem; they cannot make their own food.
• They use, rearrange, and ultimately decompose the complex organic materials built up by the autotrophs.
• All animals and fungi are heterotrophs, as are most bacteria and many other microorganisms.
• Together, the autotrophs and heterotrophs form various trophic (feeding) levels in the ecosystem: the producer level, composed of those organisms that make their own food; the primary consumer level, composed of those organisms that feed on producers; the secondary consumer level, composed of those organisms that feed on primary consumers; and so on.
• The movement of organic matter and energy from the producer level through various consumer levels makes up a food chain.
• For example, a typical food chain in a grassland might be grass (producer) → mouse (primary consumer) → snake (secondary consumer) → hawk (tertiary consumer).
• Actually, in many cases the food chains of the ecosystem overlap and interconnect, forming what ecologists call a food web.
• The final link in all food chains is made up of decomposers, those heterotrophs that break down dead organisms and organic wastes.
• A food chain in which the primary consumer feeds on living plants is called a grazing pathway; that in which the primary consumer feeds on dead plant matter is known as a detritus pathway.
• Both pathways are important in accounting for the energy budget of the ecosystem.

The WHO was established by constitution on 7 April 1948, which is celebrated as World Health Day.

Explanation:

• Grains as a money: In the agricultural stage, grains were used as a form of money for exchange and trade. They served as a medium of exchange for goods and services.


• Grains as a commodity: Grains were also considered a valuable commodity in the agricultural stage. They were traded and sold in markets for profit.


• Grains as an ingredient: Additionally, grains were used as ingredients in various food products. They were a staple in the diet of many civilizations and were essential for sustenance.


• None of these: This option is incorrect as grains had multiple uses and were not limited to just one category.

Therefore, the correct answer is A: grains were used as money in the agricultural stage.

Since its independence in 1930, in Mexico elections are held after 6 years to elect its president but till 2000 every election was won by PRI (Institutional Revolutionary Party). No opposition party won the elections because PRI used many dirty tricks to win the elections. All the government employs had to attend all the govt. meetings teachers were supposed to suppress the parents to vote PRI. PRI also controlled the media. 
Thus, we cannot say this type of system a democracy, at last we conclude that Mexico couldn't be called a democracy till 2000.

The Assam government has repealed the Assam Muslim Marriage and Divorce Registration Act, 1935, as announced in a recent cabinet meeting in Guwahati. The Act, utilized by 94 Muslim registrars for marriage and divorce registrations, will no longer be valid. Assam Tourism Minister Jayanta Malla Baruah revealed the decision, stating that Muslim marriage and divorce registrations will no longer be conducted under this Act. The government will offer a one-time compensation of two lakh rupees to the affected Muslim Marriage Registrars for rehabilitation.

CO₂ is the largest contributor towards global warming, followed by methane, CFCs and N₂O.

The following are the main components of the Computer:

1. Computer Hardware:

• Central processing unit: The CPU is considered as the brain of the computer. It is made up of Control Unit and Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU). It processes instructions and performs operations as per the requirements of the user of the computer.
• Memory: It could be primary or secondary. The primary memory is RAM which is the systems main memory that is used to temporarily store data when a program is running. The secondary memory is used for large and permanent data storage. E.g. a thumb drive.
• Computer Peripherals: It includes input and output devices. An input device is used to send information to the computer for processing. E.g. the keyboard, mouse, etc. An output device is used to display the results of processing. E.g. the printer, Modem, Projector, etc.

2. Computer Software:

• The Operating System: It is an interface between the computer and the user. It is responsible for the allocation of memory, recognising input and transmitting output. It is considered as the backbone of the computer that manages both software and hardware.
• Application Software: It is used by the user to complete specific tasks. E.g. Microsoft Word, Adobe Photoshop, etc.

The correct answer is Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
Key Points

  SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.

• SMTP is a set of communication guidelines that allow the software to transmit electronic mail over the internet is called Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
• It is a program used for sending messages to other computer users based on e-mail addresses.
• The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used to deliver e-mail messages over the Internet.
• This protocol is used by most e-mail clients to deliver messages to the server and is also used by servers to forward messages to their final destination.
• Communication between mail servers generally uses the standard TCP port 25 designated for SMTP.

Hence the correct answer is Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.

The three basic boolean operators are: AND, OR, and NOT.

Special Effects for Drawing Objects:
The special effects that can be applied to drawing objects include:
1. Gradient Fills: Gradient fills allow you to apply a smooth transition of colors to a shape or object. This effect can be used to create depth, shading, and visual interest in your drawings.
2. Line Color and Style: You can change the color and style of lines in your drawings to add emphasis or create different visual effects. For example, you can use dashed or dotted lines to create a sense of movement or highlight specific areas.
3. Rotating: Rotating an object allows you to change its orientation. This effect can be used to create dynamic compositions or adjust the positioning of objects within your drawing.
Overall, the answer is All of these (option D) as all the mentioned options include special effects that can be applied to drawing objects.

To change the column width to fit the contents in a spreadsheet, you can follow these steps:
1. Double click the boundary to the right of the column heading:
- Position your cursor on the boundary between the column heading and the next column to the right.
- The cursor will change to a double-sided arrow.
- Double click the boundary to automatically adjust the column width to fit the contents of the column.
2. Alternative methods:
- Single-click the boundary to the left of the column heading and drag it to manually adjust the column width.
- Right-click the column heading and select "Column Width" from the context menu. Enter a specific width value or choose "AutoFit" to adjust the width based on the content.
3. Keyboard shortcuts:
- Press and hold the "Alt" key and single-click anywhere in the column to automatically adjust the width to fit the contents.
- Alternatively, you can select the column by clicking the column heading and then press "Alt + O + C + A" to automatically adjust the width.
Remember, adjusting the column width to fit the contents can help optimize the appearance and readability of your spreadsheet.

Quick Way to Extend Numbers to a Longer Sequence
To extend a sequence of numbers to a longer range, such as from 1 to 20, you can follow these steps:
Method A: Drag and Fill Handle
1. Select both cells containing the initial numbers.
2. Place the cursor on the fill handle, which is a small square located at the bottom right corner of the selected cells.
3. Click and hold the left mouse button.
4. Drag the fill handle down for the desired number of rows or columns.
5. Release the mouse button to populate the range with the extended sequence.
Method B: Fill Option in the Edit Menu
1. Select the range where you want to extend the sequence, including the initial cells.
2. Go to the Edit menu at the top of the screen.
3. Hover over the "Fill" option.
4. Click on the "Down" option from the submenu.
5. The range will be populated with the extended sequence.
Method C: Paste Special
1. Copy the second cell that contains the number in the sequence.
2. Click on the cell below where you want to extend the sequence.
3. Look for the "Paste" button on the standard toolbar at the top of the screen.
4. Click on the down arrow next to the "Paste" button.
5. Select the "Paste Special" option from the dropdown menu.
6. The "Paste Special" dialog box will appear.
7. Choose the "Values" option and click "OK."
8. The range will be populated with the extended sequence.
Method D: All of These
- All of the methods mentioned above (A, B, and C) can be used to quickly extend a sequence of numbers to a longer range.
Using any of these methods will allow you to extend the numbers to a longer sequence, saving you time and effort in manually inputting each number.