Karnataka TET Paper 2 Mock Test - 9 (Science and Mathematics) - Karnataka TET MCQ

Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, proposed that children's cognitive development proceeds through four stages:

• Sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years): Children use their senses and motor abilities to understand the world around them. They learn through direct experiences with objects and people.
• Preoperational stage (2 to 7 years): Children develop mental symbols to represent objects and ideas. They begin to use language and engage in pretend play.
• Concrete operational stage (7 to 11 years): Children develop the ability to think logically and systematically about concrete objects and events. They become more skilled at solving problems.
• Formal operational stage (11 years and beyond): Children develop abstract thinking skills and are able to reason logically about abstract concepts and hypothetical situations.

These stages are not fixed and children may move through them at different rates. The stages provide a general framework for understanding children's cognitive development and can help educators tailor their instruction to meet the needs and abilities of their students.

The American motivation psychologist Abraham H. Maslow developed the hierarchy of needs consisting of five hierarchic classes. According to Maslow, people are motivated by unsatisfied needs. The needs listed from basic (lowest-earliest) to most complex (highest-latest) are as follows:

• Physiology (hunger, thirst, sleep, etc.)
• Safety/Security/Shelter/Health
• Social/Love/Friendship
• Self-esteem/Recognition/Achievement
• Self-actualisation/achievement of full potential/can never be fully accomplished

The National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005 is a guideline for school education in India.

• It emphasizes the importance of a child-centric approach to learning that emphasizes the child's holistic development.

Questions are an aid in the learning process and hence questioning skill is one of the important teaching skills required to be developed to conduct a successful classroom session by the teacher. Effective teachers use productive questions to help students advance in their thinking and to construct their own understandings.

Teachers blame learning problems in students based on lack of Motivation.
Learning may be defined as “any relatively permanent change in behavior or behavioral potential produced by experience”.

• One must remember that some behavioral changes occur due to the use of drugs, or fatigue.
• Such changes are temporary. They are not considered learning.
• Changes due to practice and experience, which are relatively permanent, are illustrative of learning.

As the term itself indicates, microteaching is scaled-down teaching in which the teacher teaches a short lesson to a small group of students for a short period. One teaching skill is practiced at a time. Thus microteaching is a miniature form of teaching in which teaching is scaled down in terms of class size, time, complexity, and activities with a focus on developing a specific teaching skill.
"Microteaching is a real teaching" this is an assumption in microteaching because it has nothing to do with students' learning. It totally focuses on teachers' teaching skills.

Reading the passage we find that:
'To do something in letter and spirit' means 'to follow the rules surrounding it and their intentions completely' and nowhere in the entire passage does the author ask the Japanese to practise consensus management. Thus, Option (A) is incorrect.
The last paragraph states: 'What's to admire about consensus management anyway? By its very nature, it's slow. It can never be daring.' Thus, Option (B) is also incorrect.
Nowhere in the passage does the author talk about 'India' or about 'Japan's army'. Which shows that Option (C) and (D) are incorrect.
Thus, it is clear that the first four options are factually incorrect as they completely disregard what's been said in the passage.

Question tags are formed with the auxiliary or modal verb from the statement and the appropriate subject. A positive statement is followed by a negative question tag. A negative statement is followed by a positive question tag.

Reading is a multifaceted process involving word recognition, comprehension, fluency, and motivation. Reading with a purpose helps the reader to direct information towards a goal and focuses their attention. 

• Reading refers to the well-planned reading approach which helps the learners to comprehend and perceive the meaning of the text effectively.

Writing is a creative and expressive skill, and asking students to generate their own ideas allows them to showcase their understanding, creativity, and ability to organize their thoughts in written form.

• Paragraph writing is the process of composing a group of related sentences that focus on a specific topic or idea, presenting coherent and organized information to convey meaning and support a central theme or argument.
• While testing paragraph writing, it is ideal for the teacher to ask students to express their own thoughts and ideas rather than copying from a textbook or relying on memorized content.
• It also provides an opportunity for students to develop their critical thinking skills, language proficiency, and ability to communicate effectively.
• By encouraging students to write their own thoughts, teachers can assess their writing skills, coherence, and ability to express themselves independently.

Hence, it is clear that while testing paragraph writing the teacher should ask the students to write their own thoughts.

An exercise where words are left out of a shorter passage and the pupil must fill in the blanks with suitable words based on their reading, assesses their ability to comprehend.
Here the learners need to first understand the passage through reading and analyzing and then putting the correct words in blanks to make the sentence in a way that the meaning, usage of the words, and the sense of the sentence remain correct. For this activity, the learners need to comprehend the passage and therefore the ability to comprehend is under assessment here.

Structure in second language is better assimilated in a pedagogical practice through meaningful interaction with interesting content which will also modify the grammar.

Since, 24x is a multiple of 9, the sum of its digits is a multiple of 9.
Sum of digits, 24x = 2 + 4 + x = 6 + x
Hence, 6 = x is a multiple of 9.
This is possible when 6 = x is any of these numbers, 0, 3, 9, and so on.
Since, x is a single digit number, the sum of the digits can be 6 or 9. Thus, the value comes to be 0 or 3 for x.

The following steps are performed to test the presence of protein in a food item:
Take a small quantity of the food item to be tested.
Grind the food item and powder it by mashing.
Put the food item into a test tube.
Add 10 drops of water into the same test tube.
Add two drops of copper sulphate solution to the same test tube.
Add 10 drops of caustic soda solution and shake the same test tube.
Observe the colour of the mixture.
Violet colour indicates the presence of proteins in the tested food item.

Given:
The length and breadth of the field with the path are 95 m and 60 m respectively
The width of the path inside the mansion = 2.5 m

Formula used:
The area of rectangle = (Length × Breadth)
Calculation:
Area of the field with the path = 95 × 60 = 5700 m²
Area of the field without the path = 90 × 55 = 4950 m²
So, area of the path = Area of the field with the path - Area of the field without the path
⇒ (5700 – 4950) m²
⇒ 750 m²
So, the cost of gravelling the path = area of the path × cost per meter
⇒ (750 × 3) = Rs. 2250
∴ The cost of gravelling the path is Rs. 2250.

Mass Percent:

• It allows us to determine the relative number of atoms of a specific component present in a combination/solution.
• Mass Percent = (Mass of solute / Mass of solution) × 100%

Calculation:
Given: Mass of solute = 0.01%
Mass Percent = (Mass of solute / Mass of solution) × 100%
= (0.01/100) × 100 ​= 0.01%
= [0.01/ (0.01 + 99.99)] × 100 ​= 0.01%
Hence, the mass of solute =0.01 g  and the mass of solvent = 99.99 gms.

Frictional force is an example of contact force, while gravitational force, electrostatic force and magnetic force are examples of non-contact forces.

Resistance symbol along with an arrow represents a variable resistor.

Magnetic field:

• The area around a magnet where a magnetic force is experienced is called the magnetic field.
• It is a quantity that has both direction and magnitude, (i.e., Vector quantity).

A number is written in scientific notation(standard form) when a number between 1 and 10 is multiplied by a power of 10.
(14.96 x 10¹⁰) – (3.84 x 10⁸)
=1496 x 10⁸ - 3.84 x 10⁸
= 1492.16 x 10⁸
= 1.49216 x 10¹¹

• The basic solution can turn red litmus to blue.
• Add a few drops of solution from each text tube on litmus paper.
• The distilled water is neutral in nature and thus on adding it to litmus paper there is no color change in litmus paper. 
• With the addition of a few drops of acidic solution on blue litmus paper, the litmus paper turns blue to red.
• With the addition of a few drops of basic solution on red litmus paper, the litmus paper turns red to blue.

The test is based on Mathematics. The spellings, therefore, are the least considerable among all the options.

This will be considered as the most suitable option because there are more chances of getting different amount of results if we are getting results in percentages as compared to any other option.

Scientific method is a method of solving problem scientifically. Training in the method is more important than the acquisition of information. Once the student is trained in the method they will approach all the problems in the same way, even if they are put in a situation which they are quite ignorant of.

• According to Lundberg “Scientific method consists of systematic observation, classification and interpretation of data”.
• Carl Pearson says “The scientific method is marked by the following features: Careful and accurate classification of facts, observation of their co-relation and sequence, and discovery of scientific laws with the aid of creative imagination and their self-criticism."
• Scientific method involves reflective thinking, reasoning and results from the achievement of certain abilities, skills and attitudes.
• It needs continuous training. For continuous appraisal of the scientific method, the teacher should provide such situations and activities as are conducive to its development and training.

Hence, we conclude that Lundberg considered scientific method consists of systematic observation, classification and interpretation of data.

Bloom's taxonomy originated in an attempt to make assessment more systematic, though it is expressed as being about different types of learning objectives.

Learning math is an essential part of every child's education, and it is important to build a strong foundation early on. To make math learning more engaging for young children, teachers can incorporate culturally specific knowledge into their lessons.

Objective of this FA activity is to assess analysis, as analysis is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it.

This is the correct option because it is most important for a student to have a good environment around him.

In Project-cum-laboratory method, students get an opportunity to do experiments individually or in small groups. A teacher carries the needed equipment and material in the classroom-cum-laboratory, students pick up the materials and take them to their work tables, and return them to the teacher after doing the laboratory work.