PS TET Paper 1: Child Development and Pedagogy Test - 10 - PS TET MCQ

Education was considered as a great part of life by Plato. He believed that education is very necessary for the progress of an individual and the nation. Education helps develop power of contemplation in educated individuals.

A teacher should take care of each child irrespective of their disabilities. He/she should ensure the students' maximum potential. Everyone has the right to education. A teacher should ensure that his/her students derive maximum benefit from education. 
Teachers must be aware of the fact that every child is different from each other. The differences occur from physical characteristics to learning styles. The objective of education is to provide the fullest possible development of learners. The teachers should find out the different strengths and weaknesses of students before their disabilities.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Mohan, why don't you use your crutches to go to the playground?'

Theory of Multiple Intelligence which describes eight different kinds of intelligence is propounded by an American cognitive psychologist 'Howard Gardner'.

Intelligence consists of learnable skills, and could be increased at any age. It is not permanent. 

A teacher makes an attempt to understand the potentialities of his/her students it is related to Educational Psychology. Educational Psychology is considered as the branch of psychology that deals with the scientific study of human learning. The study of learning processes takes place from both behavioural and cognitive perspectives, allows experimenters to know about the individual differences in cognitive development, intelligence.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Educational Psychology.'

• Globalization of Education is the integration and application of similar education systems and knowledge throughout the world across borders, improving the quality & deployment of education worldwide.
• Globalization has also led to increasing multiculturalism in societies.
• Multiculturalism promotes change and inclusion in attitudes.
• Societies that promote cultural diversity are viewed as more global and open-minded than societies that promote monoculture.
• For instance, economies and societies which promote monoculture are not as progressive and globalized as societies that promote multiculturalism.
• Diversity not only allows different kinds of people to come together, but it also brings various functions into a city, consequently enhancing globalization. 

Therefore we can conclude that There is a dire need to promote diversity in educational institutions because of the globalization of education.

All India Council of Elementary Education was established by the government of India and was responsible for looking after the development and working of elementary education. In order to accelerate the pace of expansion of elementary education and to fulfill the directive of Article 45 of the Constitution, the Government of India decided that an All-India Council of Elementary Education should be established with effect from July 1, 1957.

Dyslexia is a type of learning disorder that involves difficulty in reading or recalling a sequence of letters in words (decoding) due to problems like speech sounds. It has an impact on areas of the brain that process language. It is also known as a reading disability.
Hence, this is the correct answer.

Theory of Multiple Intelligence which describes eight different kinds of intelligence is propounded by an American cognitive psychologist 'Howard Gardner'.

Divergent thinking is a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions.

Child development focuses on human beings. Mainly, psychologists wanted to know how humans grow and change every year by emotion, social growth, how they learn, how their minds work, etc.
Hence, the correct answer is "Humans".

Assessment is always considered an integral part of the teaching-learning process.  The assessment reflects how well classroom instruction has been organized by teachers and how far learners have progressed in their learning. 

Social values refer to the ways by which an individual behaves in the society. If the teacher behaves ideally in class, she will be able to develop social values in her student as the students learn from their teachers.

A Concept map is a type of diagram that depicts relationships between concepts. The relationship is represented in circles or boxes; concepts are linked through words and phrases. These words and phrases explain the connection between ideas and help students understand information and concepts.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Increase the ability to organize information logically.'

Creativity is the cognitive ability to produce something original by offering a fresh perspective. It is the ability possesses by people who are creative, persistent, and imaginative.
Creativity is related to divergent thinking which refers to a way of solving problems by more than one approach. It is goal-directed thinking which is unusual, novel, and useful and includes brainstorming and out of the box thinking in it

• Creative children are those who show high-performance capability in several areas such as artistic and creative work, leadership quality, keen power of observation, etc.
• These children have divergent thinking and are very curious in nature that's why sometimes the classroom seems monotonous to them because they grab things fastly than of their age-peers.

Picture comprehension is very useful for the students of all age group. It is easier and interesting for them to understand the concept, and artistic skills are also developed in them. They are able to form mental images while reading any text.

The primary reason for this is that She may not be able to deal with a sudden emotional outburst. 
Nervousness is the result of the stress response. Through nervousness, the body releases the stressor. This process involves a series of hormonal and physiological responses that cause nervousness.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'She may not be able to deal with a sudden emotional outburst.'

The children who are naturally gifted with a high degree of general mental ability and extraordinary ability in a specific sphere of knowledge.

Providing support only to one gender is against the spirit of promoting gender equity. So, option 3 is the correct answer.

Adolescence is the stage when children become active members of the peer group. It is a transitional stage of growth and development that lies between childhood and adulthood. According to the World Health Organization, this period occurs between the age of 10 and 19. At this stage, children are more actively involved in their peer group. They share everything with their friends instead of family. They are more comfortable with their peers.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Adolescence.'

Gender discrimination in curriculum exposes indications that female and male learners are not treated equally in various types of curricula.

• Education plays a powerful role in perpetuating gender biases if no planned intervention is made to negate this and turn it into a vehicle of positive reinforcement of equality between sexes.
• Academic curricula subtly promote gender discrimination by:
  • Gender-based discrimination refers to the actions taken on the basis of social norms and stereotypes that privilege men and undermine women and girls.
  • This creates barriers to girls’ education and independence, leads to unequal participation of women in social, political, and economic spheres, and gender-based violence.
  • Very little mention of achievements by females compared to achievements by males. 
  • Some curricular objectives show that the language used is gender biased. Indeed, it can happen that the language itself can communicate the status of being male or female, and the status of being assertive or submissive.
  • Gender-based discrimination in education is both a cause and a consequence of deep-rooted disparities in society. 

Thus, it is concluded that the very little mention of achievements by females compared to achievements by males does academic curricula subtly promote gender discrimination.

The theory of multiple intelligences was developed in 1983 by Dr. Howard Gardner, professor of education at Harvard University. It suggests that the traditional notion of intelligence, based on I.Q. testing, is far too limited. Instead, Dr. Gardner proposes eight different intelligences to account for a broader range of human potential in children and adults. These intelligences are:

• Linguistic intelligence (word smart)
• Logical-mathematical intelligence (number/reasoning smart)
• Spatial intelligence (picture smart)
• Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence (body smart)
• Musical intelligence (music smart)
• Interpersonal intelligence (people smart)
• Intrapersonal intelligence (self smart)
• Naturalist intelligence (nature smart)

A Concept map is a type of diagram that depicts relationships between concepts. The relationship is represented in circles or boxes; concepts are linked through words and phrases. These words and phrases explain the connection between ideas and help students understand information and concepts.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Increase the ability to organize information logically.'

Creativity is the phenomenon whereby imaginative and original ideas are turned into reality. 

Young learners are encouraged to interact with peers so that their communication skills get better and tell their feeling to them, what they can't say to their parents. They can easily speak in public because talking with peers make them feel comfortable in every situation of their life. They also learn new things from the school environment.
Hence, the correct answer is "They learn social skills in the course of study".

While storytelling, a teacher maintains a natural sequence so that children take more interest in the class. The nature of human beings is that they take more interest in realistic things. Characters of the story should be properly elaborated so that while listening to the story it will easily be understandable by others. 
Hence, the correct answer is "All of the above".

Social interactions can help learners organize their thoughts, reflect on their understanding, and find gaps in their reasoning. Social interaction can also help increase participation, as it provides students with an environment where they can participate in learning activities and discussions. So, Learning is facilitated by social actions 

Group projects must be given to the students as these projects help the students to understand the importance of working in a team and solve different problems effectively.

Active agencies of Socialization are the family, the schools, the community, the religion, the state, social clubs, etc. These are the agencies where socialization takes place actively. Passive agencies are Cinema, T.V, Radio, Newspapers, Public Library, magazines, marketplace, etc. In public libraries, people learn about manners, rules, etc but actual interaction does not take place.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Public Library.'

Progressive education is the process of traditional methods of teaching. It defines the value of individuals' educational values which gave more value to the formal methods of learning.